Computer compatibility: Difference between revisions

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{{Use American English|date = March 2019}}

{{Short description|technologicalTechnological compatibility of software and hardware}}

A family of [[computer]] models is said to be '''compatible''' if certain [[software]] that runs on one of the models can also be run on all other models of the family. The computer models may differ in [[Computer performance|performance]], [[Reliability engineering|reliability]] or some other characteristic. These differences may affect the outcome of the running of the software.

== {{anchor|Software}}Software compatibility ==

Software compatibility can refer to the compatibility that a particular software has running on a particular [[CPU architecture]] such as Intel or [[PowerPC]].<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=What is compatibility? {{!}} Definition from TechTarget |url=https://www.techtarget.com/whatis/definition/compatibility |access-date=2024-02-08 |website=WhatIs |language=en}}</ref> Software compatibility can also refer to ability for the software to run on a particular [[operating system]]. Very rarely is a [[Object file|compiled software]] compatible with multiple different CPU architectures. Normally, an application is compiled for different CPU architectures and operating systems to allow it to be compatible with the different system. [[Interpreter (computing)|Interpreted software]], on the other hand, can normally run on many different CPU architectures and operating systems if the interpreter is available for the architecture or operating system. [[Software incompatibility]] occurs many times for new software released for a newer version of an operating system which is incompatible with the older version of the operating system because it may miss some of the features and functionality that the software depends on.

Software compatibility can refer to the compatibility that a particular software has running on a particular [[CPU architecture]] such as Intel or [[PowerPC]]. Software compatibility can also refer to ability for the software to run on a particular [[operating system]]. Very rarely is a [[Object file|compiled software]] compatible with multiple different CPU architectures. Normally, an application is compiled for different CPU architectures and operating systems to allow it to be compatible with the different system. [[Interpreter (computing)|Interpreted software]], on the other hand, can normally run on many different CPU architectures and operating systems if the interpreter is available for the architecture or operating system. [[Software incompatibility]] occurs many times for new software released for a newer version of an operating system which is incompatible with the older version of the operating system because it may miss some of the features and functionality that the software depends on.

== {{anchor|Hardware}}Hardware compatibility ==

Hardware compatibility can refer to the compatibility of computer hardware components with a particular [[CPU architecture]], bus, [[motherboard]] or [[operating system]].<ref name=":0" /> Hardware that is compatible may not always run at its highest stated performance, but it can nevertheless work with [[Legacy system|legacy components]]. An example is [[random-access memory|RAM]] chips, some of which can run at a lower (or sometimes higher) [[clock rate]] than rated.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Glawion |first=Alex |date=2022-05-02 |title=Why Is My RAM Not Running at Full Speed? [5 Reasons and How To Fix] |url=https://www.cgdirector.com/ram-not-running-at-full-speed/ |access-date=2024-02-08 |website=CGDirector |language=en-US}}</ref> Hardware that was designed for one operating system may not work for another, if device or kernel drivers are unavailable. ForAs an example, muchAndroid ofis thenot hardwareable forto [[Macbe OSrun X]]on isa [[proprietary hardware]]phone with driversiOS.<ref>{{Cite unavailableweb for|title=Can useI ininstall operatinga systemscustom suchOS ason [[Linux]]iPhone 5s? |url=https://apple.stackexchange.com/questions/378036/can-i-install-a-custom-os-on-iphone-5s |access-date=2024-02-08 |website=Ask Different |language=en}}</ref>

Hardware compatibility can refer to the compatibility of computer hardware components with a particular [[CPU architecture]], bus, [[motherboard]] or [[operating system]]. Hardware that is compatible may not always run at its highest stated performance, but it can nevertheless work with [[Legacy system|legacy components]]. An example is [[RAM]] chips, some of which can run at a lower (or sometimes higher) [[clock rate]] than rated. Hardware that was designed for one operating system may not work for another, if device or kernel drivers are unavailable. For example, much of the hardware for [[Mac OS X]] is [[proprietary hardware]] with drivers unavailable for use in operating systems such as [[Linux]].

== Free and open-source software ==

{{Main|Free and open-source software}}

{{#section-h:Free and open-source software|Hard-Hardware and software compatibility}}

== See also ==

* [[Compatibility layer]]

* [[Interchangeability (computer science)|Interchangeability]]

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== References ==

{{reflist}}

{{Software engineering}}

[[Category:Interoperability]]