Yawm al-Buath: Difference between revisions

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{{short description|Historic battle in pre-Islamic Medina}}

{{Infobox military conflict

| conflict = Battle ofYawm al-Buʿāth

| date = {{circa|610s CE}}

| place = [[Medina]], the [[HijazHejaz]]

| result = Aws victory

| combatant1 = [[Banu Aws|Aws]]

*'''Supported by [[Banu Qurayza]] and [[Banu Nadir]]'''

*'''Supported by [[Ghassanids]]'''

| combatant2 = [[Khazraj]]

}}

The '''Battle ofYawm al-Buʿāth''' ([[Arabic]]: معرکة بُعاث) was a 7th-century battle in [[Medina]] that was fought between the two dominant tribes living there, the [[Banu Aws|Aws]] and the [[Banu Khazraj|Khazraj]]. The battle marked the final armed conflict between both tribes before their conversion to Islam after the arrival of the Islamic prophet [[Muhammad]].

== Time period ==

The events of this battle are dated to around the 610–620s within the 7th century CE.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Encyclopaedia of Islam New Edition Online (EI-2 English) |url=https://referenceworks.brill.com/display/db/eieo |access-date=2024-09-09 |website=referenceworks |language=en}}</ref> This would also be consistent with the narrative that the battle occuredoccurred andduring thenthe ended[[Muhammad's shortlyfirst beforerevelation|arrival theof arrivalprophethood of Muhammad]], inand ended not too long before Muhammad arrived to Medina during the [[Hijrah]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Sahih al-Bukhari, Hadith 3846 |url=https://sunnah.com/bukhari:3846 |access-date= |website=}}</ref>

== Background ==

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== Course of conflict ==

=== Preparations ===

The Aws put all of their efforts into gathering external support from other Arabian tribes, which was succesfulsuccessful with the [[Ghassanids]].<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":2" /> The Khazraj were unable to gain external support, so the whole group of Khazraj tribes, their branches included, were required to fight in the battle.<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":2" />

=== Day of Bu'ath ===

This day, known as the Day of Bu'ath, was when the actual battle itself occurred.<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":2" /> Both armies met at a place known as Bu'ath, where they began the fighting. The Aws were losing at first; but then their chief, Hudayr al-Kata'ib ibn Simak al-Ashhali, shouted out to the Aws and reminded them of the evils and injustice done by the Khazraj towards their tribe.<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":2" /> The Aws, motivated by this, persisted in their fight and then managed to kill a large number of Khazraji tribal warriors including 'Amr ibn Nu'man al-Bayadi. The Khazraj were ultimately defeated by the sudden reversal of power and then sounded the retreat.<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":2" />

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== Aftermath ==

=== Peace talks ===

Tired of fighting, the Aws and Khazraj elected '[[Abd Allah ibn Ubayy|'Abd Allah ibn Ubayy]] as a ruler over Medina that ensured peace between both tribes.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":3">Ibn Sa'd (1998). ''Kitab Tabaqat al-Kubra'' [''The Book of Major Classes'']. Beirut, Lebanon: Dar Sader.</ref> However, the arrival of the Islamic prophet Muhammad would lead to 'Abd Allah losing prominence in Medina.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":3" />

=== Arrival of Muhammad ===

{{main|Hijrah}}

Muhammad arrived in Medina in 622,{{efn|The day of Hijrah is dated to 622 CE by modern academics.}} accompanied by his followers, the early Muslims, which included [[Abu Bakr]], [[Umar ibn al-Khattab]], and [[Bilal ibn Rabah|Bilal]].<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":3" /> Both the tribes of Aws and Khazraj would engage in conversations with Muhammad; resulting in their conversion to Islam.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":3" /> They were then united as the Muslim [[Ansar (Islam)|Ansar]] unit, which fought alongside the [[Muhajirun]] unit against the [[Quraysh]] polytheist warriors in the [[Battle of Badr]] in 624.<ref>Ibn Hisham (2008). ''The Prophetic Biography: Sirah of Ibn Hisham''. Dar Al Kutub Al Ilmiyah. {{Isbn|9782745178114|}}</ref>

== See also ==

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== References ==

{{reflist}}

[[Category:History of Medina]]