Pollard script: Difference between revisions

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{{Short description|Abugida used in China}}

{{Infobox Writing system

| name = Pollard <br><small>Pollard Miao, {{script|Plrd|𖽃𖽔𖾐 𖽑𖼄𖽻𖾐}} (A-Hmao, Miao)</small>

| type = [[Abugida]]

| typedesc =

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As with most other abugidas, the Pollard letters represent [[consonant]]s, whereas [[vowel]]s are indicated by [[diacritic]]s. Uniquely, however, the position of this diacritic is varied to represent [[tone (linguistics)|tone]]. For example, in Western Hmong, placing the vowel diacritic above the consonant letter indicates that the syllable has a high tone, whereas placing it at the bottom right indicates a low tone.

==AlphabetsCharacters==

{{Missing information|section|Image of letters for those who don't have a PollarPollard font; description of letters|date=August 2020}}

The script was originally developed for A-Hmao, and adopted early for [[Lipo language|Lipo]]. {{Clarify|reason=Pollard died in 1915. How could he adapted the writing system in 1949?|date=December 2022|text=In 1949 Pollard adapted it for a group of Miao in [[Sichuan|Szechuan]], creating a distinct alphabet.}}<ref>{{cite book

| author=Duffy, John M.

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== Published sources ==

*{{cite book

| authorlast=Enwall, Joakim

| first=Joakim

| year=1994

| title=A Myth Become Reality: History and Development of the Miao Written Language, two volumes

| url=https://books.google.com/books?id=iI0pAQAAIAAJ

| workseries=Stockholm East Asian Monographs, 5 & 6

| ___location=Stockholm

| publisher=Institute of Oriental Languages, Stockholm University

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}}

*{{cite journal

| authorlast=Pollard, Samuel

| first=Samuel

| date=December 1909

| title=Gathering up the Fragments

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}}

*{{cite journal

| author=Wen, You

| year=1938

| title=Lun Pollard Script

| script-title=zh:論 Pollard Script

| trans-title=Essay on the Pollard Script

| journal=Xinan Bianjiang

| script-journal=zh:西南邊疆

| trans-journal=Southwest frontier region

| volume=1

| pages=43–53

}}

*{{cite journal

*{{citation

| author=Wen, You

| year=1951

| title=Guizhou Leishan xin chu Miaowen canshi chukao. Huaxi wenwu

| script-title=zh:貴州雷山新出苗文殘石初考

| trans-title=Preliminary investigation of the Miao writing fragments recently discovered in Leishan, Guizhou

| journal=Huaxi wenwu

| script-journal=zh:華西文物

| trans-journal=Huaxi University cultural relics

}} Reprinted in {{cite book

| author=Wen You

| year=1985

| title=Wen You lunji

| script-title=zh:聞宥論集

| trans-title=Collection of articles by Wen You

| pages=62&ndash;70

| ___location=Beijing

| publisher=Zhongyang minzu xueyuan keyanchu 中央民族學院科研處 [Scientific research office of the Central Institute for Nationalities]

}}

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}}

* {{cite web

|url=httphttps://www.gutenberg.org/catalogfiles/world13420/readfile?fk_files=95137&pageno=7313420-h/13420-h.htm

|title=Across China on Foot

|authorfirst=Edwin Dingle

|last=Dingle

|author-link = Edwin Dingle

|work=Project Gutenberg

|access-date=JulyNovember 2910, 20052023

}} Dingle describes how Sam Pollard used positioning of vowel marks relative to consonants to indicate [[tone (linguistics)|tone]]s.

*{{cite web|url=http://phjamr.github.io/miao.html|title=Miao Unicode, Open source font for users of the Miao script}}