Talk:Function of several complex variables: Difference between revisions

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Withdrawal Creating pseudoconvex sections in several complex variables seems okay, but the story of merge was strange because I said I should be in the ___domain of holomorphy.
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== I'm considering merge the ___domain of holomorphy into Several complex variables, but the ___domain of holomorphy (theory) may be the title of this page ==
== Proposed lead section ==
 
The reason for branching into several complex variables from the trunk of complex analysis is that, unlike the case of one variable, the boundaries of all domains do not always become natural boundaries. I think the purpose of this page is to explain the mathematical elements that have become the elements that branch off from the trunk of complex analysis into several complex variables. This mathematical element seems to be called the ___domain of holomorphy, and since holomorphically convex and local Levi property etc. are conditions that make it a ___domain of holomorphy (And the theory of sheaf seems to be used to elucidate this condition. ), it seemed like we could read the ___domain of holomorphy as the theory that led to the branching of several complex variables from the trunk complex analysis. However, on the contrary, it seems good to rename the title of this page to the ___domain of holomorphy (theory). The lack of a page called several complex variables in [[Encyclopedia of Mathematics|EOM]] makes me think about this. The title of the textbook uses several complex variables, so my idea may be off the mark. thanks!--[[User:SilverMatsu|SilverMatsu]] ([[User talk:SilverMatsu|talk]]) 05:33, 21 December 2020 (UTC)
I made a draft of the lead section. I think that the lead sentence is subjective, so I thought I would consult before adding it.--[[User:SilverMatsu|SilverMatsu]] ([[User talk:SilverMatsu|talk]]) 13:15, 2 December 2020 (UTC)
:I made changes before I read this, I am sorry about that. I like my first sentence better, but go ahead and make whatever changes you deem necessary, if anyone has a problem with it, we can discuss it then. Thanks! [[User:Footlessmouse|Footlessmouse]] ([[User talk:Footlessmouse|talk]]) 15:54, 2 December 2020 (UTC)
::Thank you for your reply! I like your modified sentence. I think I have to revise the sentence I wrote, but this page is more convenient for various editors to modify I thought, so I will add it. Thanks!--[[User:SilverMatsu|SilverMatsu]] ([[User talk:SilverMatsu|talk]]) 03:22, 3 December 2020 (UTC)
 
I madeforgot ato draftsay ofit. theRedirecting leadto section.the Ititle thinkof thatthis thepage leadinstead sentenceof issection subjective,redirecting soto Ithe thought___domain Iof wouldholomorphy consultis beforealso addinga itsuggestion choice.--[[User:SilverMatsu|SilverMatsu]] ([[User talk:SilverMatsu|talk]]) 1305:1539, 221 December 2020 (UTC)
== Do you think several complex variables are functional theory or analysis? ==
 
:I don't think I agree with the assertion that several complex variables is distinct from complex analysis in one variable only in the sense that it is the study of domains of holomorphy/Stein manifolds. The interesting phenomena that occur in several complex variables are fundamentally important to the study of compact complex manifolds and projective complex varieties for example, and has a different flavour to complex analytic geometry in <math>\mathbb{C}^n</math> or on Stein manifolds, which is what the current lead gives most of its weight to.
Several complex variables start with Cauchy's integral formula, i.e. , the operation of integrating a function. The ___domain of holomorphy is the ___domain that is considered when an analytical operation is applied to a function, but in order to investigate the characteristics of the ___domain of holomorphy, methods in fields other than analysis are also used. However, since it is due to the integrate of functions, it is in the textbook of analysis. It doesn't seem to have anything to do with writing the article, but I'm interested so I'll ask you a question. I haven't been able to give an answer myself. --[[User:SilverMatsu|SilverMatsu]] ([[User talk:SilverMatsu|talk]]) 14:58, 3 December 2020 (UTC)
 
:I don't think it is standard anywhere to refer to the theory of complex functions of several variables as "domains of holomorphy theory" so Wikipedia should definitely avoid presenting that as the main name of the subject. As you point out however, people do refer to "several complex variables" and that is the title of the main book on the subject, so that is surely the better name for the article. I think we probably agree that the area is different enough in flavour to complex analysis of a single variable that it deserves its own article. I wouldn't be opposed to merging with [[complex analysis]], which is quite a thin article, but I don't think there is any particular need to. In particular I think complex analysis of a single variable gets a very different (and much broader) treatment pedagogically, and that is an article looked at frequently by people who are not pure mathematicians interested in several complex variables (engineers, physicists) and presenting all the definitions on that page in their largest generality would serve more to obfuscate the point rather than elucidate it for most visitors. Just my two cents. Thank you for improving the articles in complex analysis! [[User:Tazerenix|Tazerenix]] ([[User talk:Tazerenix|talk]]) 05:53, 23 December 2020 (UTC)
Addendum: I searched the Wikipedia page, but according to the [[function theory]] page, it said "Theory of functions of a complex variable, the historical name for [[complex analysis]], the branch of mathematical analysis that investigates functions of complex numbers". Then the template on this page seems appropriate to change from a function to a complex analysis. If we can investigate the characteristics of complex variable functions by integral calculation, I think it is in the field of complex analysis. --[[User:SilverMatsu|SilverMatsu]] ([[User talk:SilverMatsu|talk]]) 22:43, 3 December 2020 (UTC)
::Thank you very much for teaching me. Thanks for giving me many interesting examples of other manifolds. Sure, it seems too narrow, so I turn the suggestion into a section redirect to the ___domain of holomorphism. Then, I will modify the lead sentence and correct it to say, "One of the reasons why this field has come to be studied is that the boundary does not become a natural boundary." thanks!--[[User:SilverMatsu|SilverMatsu]] ([[User talk:SilverMatsu|talk]]) 08:01, 23 December 2020 (UTC)
:From my experience, having taken only a single class in the subject as an undergrad, "complex analysis" is precisely defined by the second half of the DAB statement as "the branch of mathematical analysis that investigates functions of complex numbers", i.e. functions with at least one complex argument. My opinion on this is, lacking textbook consensus saying otherwise, unwaiverable. Though others may disagree and I do not own the page. From a pure linguistic point of view, it really doesn't make any sense to reserve "complex analysis" for the "study of functions of a single variable that is complex", it's too narrow of a field for such a broad term. [[User:Footlessmouse|Footlessmouse]] ([[User talk:Footlessmouse|talk]]) 07:46, 12 December 2020 (UTC)
::{{Ping|Footlessmouse}}Withdraw Thankfrom youmerge for teaching me. If complex analysis is athe branch___domain of functionholomorphy. (analysis)I theorymight tosuggest complexmerging numbers,conditions Ithat thinkare it is clearerequivalent to saythe complex___domain analysis. I also agree with yourof ideaholomorphy, asbut I thinkthought it'sthat tooshould narrowbe toconsidered limiton tothe one___domain of variableholomorphy. I thinkWriting the complex___domain analysisof templateholomorphy theoremon isthis toopage closehas tono oneeffect variableon withdrawal. Where do you think you should talk? Thanksthanks!--[[User:SilverMatsu|SilverMatsu]] ([[User talk:SilverMatsu|talk]]) 1013:1053, 1226 December 2020 (UTC)
:::Sorry, I'm not sure what you mean with your last statement and question. Randomly, though, I found this that may actually help both of us understand better. [https://www.jstor.org/stable/2323391 article on JSTOR titled "What is several complex variables"] by [[Steven G. Krantz]]. Because he is an established expert and it is published in a reliable source, you can use that as a reference when talking about the differences. [[User:Footlessmouse|Footlessmouse]] ([[User talk:Footlessmouse|talk]]) 11:16, 12 December 2020 (UTC)
::::Thank you for giving me a reliable reference. I Make time to read. I'm sorry. The name of the template was incorrect. The correct name was [[Template:Complex analysis sidebar]].--[[User:SilverMatsu|SilverMatsu]] ([[User talk:SilverMatsu|talk]]) 11:41, 12 December 2020 (UTC)
 
== A memo about the structure of the section ==
It may be better to say that this page is a theory of Several complex variables function rather than a function theory of Several complex variables. If the analysis part of this page gets too big, it seems that it can be divided into function theory of Several complex variables. I'll look at the redirects on this page. thanks!--[[User:SilverMatsu|SilverMatsu]] ([[User talk:SilverMatsu|talk]]) 06:20, 24 December 2020 (UTC)
:Addendum:Therefore, templates seem to be better for functions than complex analysis.--[[User:SilverMatsu|SilverMatsu]] ([[User talk:SilverMatsu|talk]]) 06:22, 24 December 2020 (UTC)
 
Please seeThe [[Infinitehttps://math.berkeley.edu/courses/choosing/course-dimensionaldescriptions#math212 holomorphy|thiscourse page]catalog]. Thanks!--[[User:SilverMatsu|SilverMatsu]] ([[User talk:SilverMatsu|talk]]) 1203:1419, 1121 DecemberJanuary 20202022 (UTC)
== I found a page that may be related to this page ==
 
== Is this right? ==
Please see [[Infinite-dimensional holomorphy|this page]]. Thanks!--[[User:SilverMatsu|SilverMatsu]] ([[User talk:SilverMatsu|talk]]) 12:14, 11 December 2020 (UTC)
:I'm not sure this page is the best target for that page. That's a lot closer to [[holomorphic function]], IMO. Though it looks like it could use some work, and some references, either way. Thanks! [[User:Footlessmouse|Footlessmouse]] ([[User talk:Footlessmouse|talk]]) 07:48, 12 December 2020 (UTC)
::Thank you for your reply. I also seem to be close to a holomorphic function. When I looked at the page I introduced, it said "It is no longer true however that if a function is defined and holomorphic in a ball, its power series around the center of the ball is convergent in the entire ball; for example, there exist holomorphic functions defined on the entire space which have a finite radius of convergence". For Several complex variables, the Taylor expansion of the holomorphic function <math>f(z_1,\dots,z_n)</math> on the Reinhardt ___domain D, including the center a, has been shown to converge uniformly on any compact set on D<ref group=Ifaptmbrttp>H. Cartan, ''Les fonctions des deux variables complexes et le probléme de la représentation'' J.de Math.(9),10,1931,p.19</ref> so I thought it might need to be covered on this page. My knowledge is inadequate and may not matter. My knowledge is inadequate, so it may be an unrelated topic. Thanks!--[[User:SilverMatsu|SilverMatsu]] ([[User talk:SilverMatsu|talk]]) 10:28, 12 December 2020 (UTC)
::::My knowledge is also inadequate, hopefully a mathematician can look over all this at some point in the near future. My best advice is that while you are rewriting large chunks of the page, you should just follow what established, reliable sources say. If they are all talking about a concept, then it should be mentioned or summarized here, otherwise you can probably get away without mentioning at all. In the meanwhile, you can add it to "See also". [[User:Footlessmouse|Footlessmouse]] ([[User talk:Footlessmouse|talk]]) 11:19, 12 December 2020 (UTC)
:::::Thank you for your advice. I will add it to the See also.--[[User:SilverMatsu|SilverMatsu]] ([[User talk:SilverMatsu|talk]]) 11:44, 12 December 2020 (UTC)
:::::Looking at the [[Compact space#example|example of Compact space]], it seems that there is an example of a bounded closed set i.e. unit ball that does not become compact in infinite dimensions. I think I missed the condition of compact set. I also likely need to read the references on the page where the example is shown.--[[User:SilverMatsu|SilverMatsu]] ([[User talk:SilverMatsu|talk]]) 12:20, 12 December 2020 (UTC)
{{Outdent|5}} I changed the reference link of the infinite-dimension page, so it should be available for download. Thanks to [[User:Michael D. Turnbull|Mike Turnbull]] advice.--[[User:SilverMatsu|SilverMatsu]] ([[User talk:SilverMatsu|talk]]) 13:41, 14 December 2020 (UTC)
 
The section '''Stein manifold''' begins as follows:
I was able to find out the weak holomorphic.
 
"''Since a non-compact (open) Riemann surface always has a non-constant single-valued holomorphic function, and satisfies the [[second axiom of countability]], the open Riemann surface can be thought of ''1''-dimensional complex manifold to have a holomorphic embedding into a complex plane <math>\Complex</math>.''"
Weak definition <ref group=Ifaptmbrttp>Lawrence A. Harris, ''[https://www.ms.uky.edu/~larry/paper.dir/korea.ps Fixed Point Theorems for Infinite Dimensional Holomorphic Functions]'' (undated).</ref>
:A function <math>h:D\rightarrow Y</math> is holomorphic if it is locally bounded and if for each <math>x\in D</math>, <math>y\in X</math> and linear functional <math>\ell\in Y^{\ast}</math>, the function <math>f(\lambda)=\ell (h(x+\lambda y))</math> is holomorphic at <math>\lambda=0</math>.
 
But wait. A holomorphic embedding is certainly also a topological embedding. But most non-compact surfaces do not have any topological embeddings into the complex plane.
Since it says ''[[Infinite-dimensional holomorphy#Vector-valued holomorphic functions defined in the complex plane|useful criterion]]'', the holomorphic on this page may mean a weak holomorphic. I've read that the reason why holomorphy has a stronger meaning than real variables is that it has an unlimited approach to holomorphic points compared to real numbers. I may need to add a description of the <math>C^n</math> space to make the space we are Integrate more clear. I try read it again without knowing it. Thanks!--[[User:SilverMatsu|SilverMatsu]] ([[User talk:SilverMatsu|talk]]) 13:39, 15 December 2020 (UTC)
 
For instance, the torus with one point removed (the "punctured torus") has no topological embedding into the plane.
=== References ===
{{reflist|group=Ifaptmbrttp}}
 
Question: Is it possible that the phrase "holomorphic embedding" should be replaced with '''holomorphic immersion'''? Or just '''holomorphic mapping'''? [[Special:Contributions/2601:200:C000:1A0:9AE:98DB:C7E0:3910|2601:200:C000:1A0:9AE:98DB:C7E0:3910]] ([[User talk:2601:200:C000:1A0:9AE:98DB:C7E0:3910|talk]]) 17:57, 28 December 2022 (UTC)
== I'm considering merge the ___domain of holomorphy into Several complex variables, but the ___domain of holomorphy (theory) may be the title of this page ==
 
:Apparently Gunning and Narasimhan proved that every non-compact Riemann surface '''does''' in fact '''immerse''' in the complex plane.
The reason for branching into several complex variables from the trunk of complex analysis is that, unlike the case of one variable, the boundaries of all domains do not always become natural boundaries. I think the purpose of this page is to explain the mathematical elements that have become the elements that branch off from the trunk of complex analysis into several complex variables. This mathematical element seems to be called the ___domain of holomorphy, and since holomorphically convex and local Levi property etc. are conditions that make it a ___domain of holomorphy (And the theory of sheaf seems to be used to elucidate this condition. ), it seemed like we could read the ___domain of holomorphy as the theory that led to the branching of several complex variables from the trunk complex analysis. However, on the contrary, it seems good to rename the title of this page to the ___domain of holomorphy (theory). The lack of a page called several complex variables in [[Encyclopedia of Mathematics|EOM]] makes me think about this. The title of the textbook uses several complex variables, so my idea may be off the mark. thanks!--[[User:SilverMatsu|SilverMatsu]] ([[User talk:SilverMatsu|talk]]) 05:33, 21 December 2020 (UTC)
:(R. C. Gunning and Raghavan Narasimhan, Immersion of open Riemann surfaces, Math. Annalen 174 (1967), 103–108.)
 
:Therefore I will correct the text to reflect this fact. [[Special:Contributions/2601:200:C000:1A0:9AE:98DB:C7E0:3910|2601:200:C000:1A0:9AE:98DB:C7E0:3910]] ([[User talk:2601:200:C000:1A0:9AE:98DB:C7E0:3910|talk]]) 18:58, 28 December 2022 (UTC)
I forgot to say it. Redirecting to the title of this page instead of section redirecting to the ___domain of holomorphy is also a suggestion choice.--[[User:SilverMatsu|SilverMatsu]] ([[User talk:SilverMatsu|talk]]) 05:39, 21 December 2020 (UTC)
 
:I don't think I agree with the assertion that several complex variables is distinct from complex analysis in one variable only in the sense that it is the study of domains of holomorphy/Stein manifolds. The interesting phenomena that occur in several complex variables are fundamentally important to the study of compact complex manifolds and projective complex varieties for example, and has a different flavour to complex analytic geometry in <math>\mathbb{C}^n</math> or on Stein manifolds, which is what the current lead gives most of its weight to.
 
:I don't think it is standard anywhere to refer to the theory of complex functions of several variables as "domains of holomorphy theory" so Wikipedia should definitely avoid presenting that as the main name of the subject. As you point out however, people do refer to "several complex variables" and that is the title of the main book on the subject, so that is surely the better name for the article. I think we probably agree that the area is different enough in flavour to complex analysis of a single variable that it deserves its own article. I wouldn't be opposed to merging with [[complex analysis]], which is quite a thin article, but I don't think there is any particular need to. In particular I think complex analysis of a single variable gets a very different (and much broader) treatment pedagogically, and that is an article looked at frequently by people who are not pure mathematicians interested in several complex variables (engineers, physicists) and presenting all the definitions on that page in their largest generality would serve more to obfuscate the point rather than elucidate it for most visitors. Just my two cents. Thank you for improving the articles in complex analysis! [[User:Tazerenix|Tazerenix]] ([[User talk:Tazerenix|talk]]) 05:53, 23 December 2020 (UTC)
::Thank you very much for teaching me. Thanks for giving me many interesting examples of other manifolds. Sure, it seems too narrow, so I turn the suggestion into a section redirect to the ___domain of holomorphism. Then, I will modify the lead sentence and correct it to say, "One of the reasons why this field has come to be studied is that the boundary does not become a natural boundary." thanks!--[[User:SilverMatsu|SilverMatsu]] ([[User talk:SilverMatsu|talk]]) 08:01, 23 December 2020 (UTC)
::Withdraw from merge the ___domain of holomorphy. I might suggest merging conditions that are equivalent to the ___domain of holomorphy, but I thought that should be considered on the ___domain of holomorphy. Writing the ___domain of holomorphy on this page has no effect on withdrawal. thanks!--[[User:SilverMatsu|SilverMatsu]] ([[User talk:SilverMatsu|talk]]) 13:53, 26 December 2020 (UTC)
 
== Please say what you mean by superscript n ==
== Unclear sentence ==
 
The definition of a '''coherent sheaf''' is given as follows:
In the section '''Radius of convergence of power series''', this sentence:
 
"''A '''coherent sheaf''' on a [[ringed space]] <math>(X, \mathcal O_X)</math> is a sheaf <math>\mathcal F</math> satisfying the following two properties:
"''In the power series <math>\sum_{k_1,\dots,k_n=0}^\infty c_{k_1,\dots,k_n}(z_1-a_1)^{k_1}\cdots(z_n-a_n)^{k_n}\ </math>, it is possible to define ''n'' combination of <math>r_\nu</math><ref group=note>This combination may not be unique.</ref>
<ol type="1">
<li> <math>\mathcal F</math> is of ''finite type'' over <math>\mathcal O_X</math>, that is, every point in <math>X</math> has an [[open neighborhood]] <math>U</math> in <math>X</math> such that there is a surjective morphism <math>\mathcal{O}_X^n|_{U} \to \mathcal{F}|_{U} </math> for some natural number <math>n</math>;</li>
<li> for arbitrary open set <math>U\subseteq X</math>, arbitrary natural number <math>n</math>, and arbitrary morphism <math>\varphi: \mathcal{O}_X^n|_{U} \to \mathcal{F}|_{U} </math> of <math>\mathcal O_X</math>-modules, the kernel of <math>\varphi</math> is of finite type.''"</li></ol>
 
But what does the superscript n mean in the symbol "<math>\mathcal{O}_X^n|_{U}</math>"?
:"''<math>\begin{cases}
\text{Absolutely converge on}\ \{ z=(z_1, z_2, \dots, z_n) \in {\Complex}^n \mid | z_\nu - a_\nu | < r_\nu, \text{ for all } \nu = 1,\dots,n \}\\
\text{Does not absolutely converge on}\ \{ z=(z_1, z_2, \dots, z_n) \in {\Complex}^n \mid | z_\nu - a_\nu | > r_\nu, \text{ for all } \nu = 1,\dots,n \}
\end{cases}</math>
''"
 
The article does not say, and nothing in the linked article [[ringed space]] uses this notation.
is very poorly worded and makes no sense in normal English. I hope someone knowledgeable about this subject who is also familiar with English can rewrite this so that it is readable and accurate.
 
I can guess two distinct possibilities for what "<math>\mathcal{O}_X^n|_{U}</math>" means.
I'm '''guessing''' that what is '''meant''' is this:
 
I hope someone knowledgeable about this subject can explain the notation and avoid having thousands of future readers of Wikipedia also have to guess what it means. [[Special:Contributions/2601:200:C082:2EA0:E1A8:CCAE:61A1:827C|2601:200:C082:2EA0:E1A8:CCAE:61A1:827C]] ([[User talk:2601:200:C082:2EA0:E1A8:CCAE:61A1:827C|talk]]) 02:25, 9 February 2023 (UTC)
... it is possible to define ''n'' positive real numbers <math>r_\nu</math> such that the power series
 
== Bad English and grammar ==
<math>\begin{cases}
\text{is absolutely convergent on}\ \{ z=(z_1, z_2, \dots, z_n) \in {\Complex}^n \mid | z_\nu - a_\nu | < r_\nu, \text{ for all } \nu = 1,\dots,n \}\\
\text{and is not absolutely convergent on}\ \{ z=(z_1, z_2, \dots, z_n) \in {\Complex}^n \mid | z_\nu - a_\nu | > r_\nu, \text{ for all } \nu = 1,\dots,n \}
\end{cases}</math>
 
(IsSomeone thatplease right?)proofread Thisthis wouldarticle. read better if we could get rid of the "cases" curly bracket and just use normal English here.[[Special:Contributions/128.120.234.2372A02:6B6F:E98D:400:9BF:E37:5EAC:CB2C|128.120.234.2372A02:6B6F:E98D:400:9BF:E37:5EAC:CB2C]] ([[User talk:128.120.234.2372A02:6B6F:E98D:400:9BF:E37:5EAC:CB2C|talk]]) 0622:0916, 296 DecemberFebruary 20202025 (UTC)
:Thank you for the advice. I tried to fix it.--[[User:SilverMatsu|SilverMatsu]] ([[User talk:SilverMatsu|talk]]) 02:04, 31 December 2020 (UTC)