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Thermosniper (talk | contribs) m →Direct measurement of API gravity (hydrometer method): added wiki links to clarify technical terms |
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Conversely, the specific gravity of petroleum liquids can be derived from their API gravity value as
:<math>\text{SG
Thus, a heavy oil with a specific gravity of 1.0 (i.e., with the same density as pure water at 60 °F) has an API gravity of:
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# '''Sample preparation''': The petroleum sample is brought to a [[Standard temperature and pressure|standard temperature]], usually 60°F (15.6°C), to ensure consistency in measurements across different samples and conditions.<ref name=":0" />
# '''Hydrometer selection''': An appropriate API gravity hydrometer is chosen based on the expected range of the sample. These hydrometers are typically calibrated to read API gravity directly.<ref name=":3">{{Cite
# '''Measurement''': The hydrometer is gently lowered into the sample contained in a cylindrical vessel. It is allowed to float freely until it reaches equilibrium.<ref name=":0" />
# '''Reading''': The API gravity is read at the point where the surface of the liquid intersects the hydrometer scale. For maximum accuracy, the reading is taken at the bottom of the [[Meniscus (liquid)|meniscus]] formed by the liquid on the hydrometer stem.<ref name=":1" />
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