Digital signal processor: Difference between revisions

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[[File:Digital Signal Processor 9997.jpg|thumb|An L7A1045 DSP chip, as used in several [[Sampler (musical instrument)#Akai|Akai samplers]] and the [[Hyper Neo Geo 64]] arcade board]]

[[File:NeXTcube motherboard.jpg|thumb|The [[NeXTcube]] from 1990 had a [[Motorola 68040]] (25 MHz) and a digital signal processor [[Motorola 56001]] with 25 MHz which was directly accessible via an interface.]]

A '''digital signal processor''' ('''DSP''') is a specialized [[microprocessor]] chip, with its architecture optimized for the operational needs of [[digital signal processing]].<ref>{{cite book |editor-last1=Yovits |editor-first1=Marshall C. |last1=Dyer |first1=Stephen A. |last2=Harms |first2=Brian K. |chapter=Digital Signal Processing |title=Advances in Computers |date=1993-08-13 |volume=37 |pages=59{{hyphen}}118 |publisher=[[Academic Press]] |doi=10.1016/S0065-2458(08)60403-9 |isbn=978-0120121373 |issn=0065-2458 |lccn=59015761 |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=vL-bB7GALAwC&pg=PA104 |ol=OL10070096M |oclc=858439915 |df=dmy-all}}</ref>{{rp|pages=104{{hyphen}}107}}<ref name="Liptak">{{cite book |last=Liptak |first=B. G. |title=Process Control and Optimization |series=Instrument Engineers' Handbook |edition=4th |year=2006 |volume=2 |pages=11–12 |publisher=CRC Press |isbn=978-0849310812 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=TxKynbyaIAMC&pg=PA11 |via=[[Google Books]]}}</ref> DSPs are [[semiconductor device fabrication|fabricated]] on [[MOSFET|metal–oxide–semiconductor]] (MOS) [[integrated circuit]] chips.<ref name="computerhistory1979">{{cite web |title=1979: Single Chip Digital Signal Processor Introduced |url=https://www.computerhistory.org/siliconengine/single-chip-digital-signal-processor-introduced/ |access-date=14 October 2019 |website=The Silicon Engine |publisher=[[Computer History Museum]]}}</ref><ref name="edn">{{cite web |last1=Taranovich |first1=Steve |date=August 27, 2012 |title=30 years of DSP: From a child's toy to 4G and beyond |url=https://www.edn.com/design/systems-design/4394792/30-years-of-DSP--From-a-child-s-toy-to-4G-and-beyond |access-date=14 October 2019 |website=[[EDN (magazine)|EDN]]}}</ref> They are widely used in [[audio signal processing]], [[telecommunications]], [[digital image processing]], [[radar]], [[sonar]] and [[speech recognition]] systems, and in common [[consumer electronic]] devices such as [[mobile phones]], [[disk drives]] and [[high-definition television]] (HDTV) products.<ref name="computerhistory1979"/>

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</ref> and hardware loop buffers.<ref>

[https://www.analog.com/media/en/technical-documentation/technical-articles/350395352047424547665311ProgrammingTechniquesForDSPs.pdf "Understanding Advanced Processor Features Promotes Efficient Coding"].

</ref><ref>{{cite book | chapter-url=https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/3-540-46423-9_11.pdf | doi=10.1007/3-540-46423-9_11 | chapter=Techniques for Effectively Exploiting a Zero Overhead Loop Buffer | title=Compiler Construction | series=Lecture Notes in Computer Science | date=2000 | last1=Uh | first1=Gang-Ryung | last2=Wang | first2=Yuhong | last3=Whalley | first3=David | last4=Jinturkar | first4=Sanjay | last5=Burns | first5=Chris | last6=Cao | first6=Vincent | volume=1781 | pages=157–172 | isbn=978-3-540-67263-0 }}</ref>

</ref><ref>

[https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/3-540-46423-9_11.pdf "Techniques for Effectively Exploiting a Zero Overhead Loop Buffer"].

</ref>

====Data instructions====

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In 1979, [[Intel]] released the [[Intel 2920|2920]] as an "analog signal processor".<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.intel.com/Assets/PDF/General/35yrs.pdf#page=17 |title=Archived copy |access-date=2019-02-17 |archive-date=2020-09-29 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200929045706/https://www.intel.com/Assets/PDF/General/35yrs.pdf#page=17 |url-status=dead}}</ref> It had an on-chip ADC/DAC with an internal signal processor, but it didn't have a hardware multiplier and was not successful in the market.

In 1980, the first stand-alone, complete DSPs – [[Nippon Electric Corporation]]'s [[NEC μPD7720]] based on the modified Harvard architecture<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.datasheetarchive.com/datasheet?id=03a93172fcfb5d333133fa8d7fb1d6fa7cf492&type=M&term=upd7720 |title=NEC Electronics Inc. μPD77C20A, 7720A, 77P20 Digital Signal Processors |page=1 |accessdate=2023-11-13}}</ref> and [[AT&T Corporation|AT&T]]'s [[AT&T DSP1|DSP1]] – were presented at the [[International Solid-State Circuits Conference]] '80. Both processors were inspired by the research in [[public switched telephone network]] (PSTN) [[telecommunicationtelecommunications]]s. The μPD7720, introduced for [[voiceband]] applications, was one of the most commercially successful early DSPs.<ref name="computerhistory1979"/>

The Altamira DX-1 was another early DSP, utilizing quad integer pipelines with delayed branches and branch prediction.{{citation needed|reason=no mention on the web, except of WP text copies and translations|date=December 2014}}