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'''Open Root Server Network''' ('''ORSN''') was a network of [[Domain Name System]] [[root nameserver]]s for the [[Internet]].
ORSN [[DNS root zone]] information was kept in synchronization with the "official" [[Domain Name System]] [[root nameserver]]s coordinated by [[ICANN]]. The networks were 100% compatible, though ORSN was operated independently. The ORSN servers were primarily placed in [[Europe]]. ORSN is also used by public name servers, providing [[Domain Name System]] access freely for everyone, without any limitation until the project closed in May 2019.
ORSN was primarily started to reduce the over-dependence of Internet users on the United States and [[Department of Commerce]]/[[Internet Assigned Numbers Authority|IANA]]/[[ICANN]]/[[VeriSign]], limit the control over the Internet that this gives, while ensuring that [[___domain name]]s remain unambiguous. And to avoid the technical possibility of global "Internet shutdown" by one party.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://tfl09.blogspot.com/2006/09/orsn-european-open-root-server-network.html|title=Under The Stairs: ORSN - European Open Root Server Network|date=September 19, 2006}}</ref>▼
▲ORSN was primarily started to reduce the over-dependence of Internet users on the United States and [[Department of Commerce]]/[[Internet Assigned Numbers Authority|IANA]]/[[ICANN]]/[[VeriSign]], limit the control over the Internet that this gives, while ensuring that [[___domain name]]s remain unambiguous.
[[Markus Grundmann]], Germany is the founder of ORSN, and author of ORSN distributed system management and monitoring software solution.▼
▲[[Markus Grundmann]], based in Germany, is the founder of ORSN, and author of ORSN distributed system management and monitoring software solution.
Paul Vixie is member of Security and Stability Advisory Committee of [[ICANN]],<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.icann.org/groups/ssac|title=Security and Stability Advisory Committee (SSAC) - ICANN|website=www.icann.org}}</ref> he served on the Board of Trustees of the [[American Registry for Internet Numbers]] (ARIN) from 2005 to 2013, also as ARIN chairman in 2009 and 2010.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.arin.net/about/welcome/board/former/|title=Former Trustees|website=www.arin.net}}</ref>▼
▲[[Paul Vixie]], the main designer of [[BIND]], the [[de facto standard]] software for [[DNS server]]s in [[UNIX]]-like operating systems, is a high-profile proponent of the ORSN.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.circleid.com/posts/why_i_am_participating_in_the_orsn_project/|title=Why I Am Participating in the ORSN Project|website=www.circleid.com}}</ref> Paul Vixie is member of Security and Stability Advisory Committee of [[ICANN]]
'''ORSN has 2 operating modes:'''▼
* ICANN BASED (default) operating mode involves daily synchronization, except that removed [[Top-level ___domain|TLD]]s are not removed from the ORSN root.
* INDEPENDENT mode has no automatic synchronization and is activated "whenever the political situation of the world - in our opinion - makes this step necessary because the possibility of a modification and/or a downtime of the ICANN root zone exists or we do not want that our root zone will rebuild automatically."<ref>[http://www.orsn.org/faq.php ORSN FAQ]</ref>
== Operating
*ORSN operated from February 2002 until the end of 2008.<ref>{{cite mailing list
|last=Vixie
|first=Paul
|
|title=Open Root Server Network project shutdown by 31.12.2008 00:00 UTC
|
|date=2008-10-23
|url=https://lists.dns-oarc.net/pipermail/dns-operations/2008-October/003342.html
|
}}</ref>
*ORSN operated again from June 2013 until May 2019.<ref name=ORSN>{{cite web|last=ORSN|url=http://www.orsn.org/en/|
Several [[Internet service provider]]s in Europe used ORSN as a root for their [[name server]]s.{{Citation needed|date=November 2010}}
== ORSN root nameservers ==
ORSN's root server system
{| class="wikitable"
|-----
! Letter
! IP
! IPv4
! IPv6
! Operator /
|-----
! A
Line 129 ⟶ 125:
[http://www.orsn.org/en/tech/ ORSN Root Server Systems Technical Information]
==ORSN
ORSN
{| class="wikitable"
|-----
! FQDN
! IP
! IPv4
! IPv6
! Operator /
! Operational Status
|-
! ns0.freeinfosociety.org
Line 144 ⟶ 141:
| {{IPaddr|188.165.175.115}}
| {{IPaddr|2001:41d0:2:5a70::1}}
|
| Non-Operational
|-----
! ns1.freeinfosociety.org
Line 150 ⟶ 148:
| {{IPaddr|37.187.23.23}}
| {{IPaddr|2001:41d0:a:1717::1}}
|
| Non-Operational
|-----
!ns2.freeinfosociety.org
Line 156 ⟶ 155:
| {{IPaddr|37.187.99.178}}
| {{IPaddr|2001:41d0:a:23b2::1}}
|
| Non-Operational
|-----
! ns01.ch.orsn.it-schwerin.de
Line 162:
| {{IPaddr|178.209.50.232}}
| {{IPaddr|2a02:418:6a04:178:209:50:232:cafe}}
|
| Non-Operational
|-----
! orsn-ns01.zirkumflex.net
Line 168 ⟶ 169:
| {{IPaddr|84.200.83.54}}
| {{IPaddr|2001:1608:10:102::acab}}
|
| Non-Operational
|-----
! orsn-ns.godau.eu
Line 174 ⟶ 176:
| {{IPaddr|109.230.224.42}}
| {{IPaddr|2a02:d40:3:1:ac11:71ff:feee:41b3}}
|
| Non-Operational
|-----
! orsn-ns2.godau.eu
Line 180 ⟶ 183:
| {{IPaddr|87.118.126.225}}
| {{IPaddr|2001:1b60:3:267:3436:21:0:1}}
|
| Non-Operational
|-----
! orsn.dnscache.cyborg-connect.de
| {{flagicon|Germany}} Germany
| {{IPaddr|37.187.193.30}}
|
| Cyborg-Connect.de
| Non-Operational
|-----
! orsn-ns01.first-colo.de
Line 193 ⟶ 198:
| {{IPaddr|2a01:7e0::212:224:71:71}}
| First Colo GmbH
| Operational
|-----
! orsn-ns02.first-colo.nl
| {{flagicon|Netherlands}}
| {{IPaddr|79.133.62.62}}
|
| First Colo GmbH
| Operational
|-----
! a.tx.nic.servertx.cf
| {{flagicon|
| {{IPaddr|
|
| Verotel International
| Non-Operational
|}
ORSN Public DNS data last updated on
source: [http://www.orsn.net/en/tech/pubdns/ Official ORSN Public DNS live data and monitoring.]
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