Buildings and structures in Sheffield: Difference between revisions

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{{Short description|Buildings and structures in English city}}

{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2022}}

{{Use British English|date=March 2025}}

'''Buildings and structures in Sheffield''' have been constructed over a time-span ranging from the 13th century to the present day. The majority of [[Sheffield]]'s older buildings were built during the [[Industrial Revolution]], with many medieval buildings demolished in the 19th century; some older buildings were lost during the [[Sheffield Blitz]]. Sheffield can only lay claim to five Grade I [[listed buildings]], two of which are in the city centre.

The oldest structure is [[Beauchief Abbey]], which dates back to the 12th century and is now still a functioning Abbey, open every Sunday with evensong once a month. Within the grounds, there are also signs of the old [[ruin]] of when the Abbey was once much bigger. The oldest complete structure is [[Sheffield Cathedral]], parts of which date back to the 13th century. In relation to height, the {{convert|78|m|adj=on}} [[Arts Tower]] was the tallest completed building in Sheffield until the St Pauls tower (City Lofts) project was completed in 2011.

==History==

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Beauchief Abbey was built four miles south-west of what was then a well-established town. In the 12th century a wooden [[motte-and-bailey castle]] was built. When this castle was destroyed in 1260, it was replaced with a stone castle, which would stand until the [[English Civil War]].

In November 2005 the [[University of Sheffield]]'s archaeological consultant, ARCUS, unearthed a [[Medieval]] well over three metres deep in the [[sandstone]] bedrock beneath Carmel House on Fargate.<ref name="Media Centre">{{cite web|title=City centre dig unearths secrets of medieval Sheffield|url=http://www.shef.ac.uk/mediacentre/2005/485.html|work=University of Sheffield|accessdateaccess-date=27 December 2011}}</ref> The Sheffield city centre site was being excavated as part of a redevelopment project. Pottery found in the well suggests that it was in use by 1300 AD, and had been filled in around the time of the English Civil War. The uncovered medieval pots included jugs made in the Hallgate area of neighbouring [[Doncaster]] and other items from the [[Humber Estuary]].

This discovery offers significant evidence relating to the Medievalmedieval town of Sheffield, then still a small market town, before its growth during the subsequent Industrial Revolution. Dating of the well indicates that it was probably dug around the time of the stone reconstruction of Sheffield Castle in 1270 and the granting of Sheffield's Market Charter by [[Edward I of England|Edward I]] in 1296.

Due to the conditions in the well, animal bones and plant remains (possibly including microscopic pollen grains) have been preserved and will be analysed the University's Department of Archaeology laboratories.