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== History ==
In the 1970s, one could play correspondence chess in a [[PLATO System]] program called "chess3". Several users used chess3 regularly; often a particular user would make several moves per day, sometimes with several games simultaneously in progress. In theory one could use chess3 to play a complete game of chess in one sitting, but chess3 was not usually used this way. PLATO was not connected to Internet predecessor [[ARPANET]] in any way that allowed mass use by the public, and consequently, chess3 was and still is relatively unknown to the public. In the eighties, chess [[play-by-mail game|play by email]] was still fairly novel. Latency with email was less significant than with traditional [[correspondence chess]] via paper letters. Often one could complete a dozen moves in a week. As network technology improved, public, widespread use of a centralised server for live play became a possibility.{{cn|date=March 2025}}
Michael Moore, of the [[University of Utah]], and Richard Nash recognized the potential of an internet chess server and created its first incarnation, hosted at lark.utah.edu and accessible through [[telnet]].<ref>{{cite book|last1=Harasim|first1=Linda|title=Learning Networks: A Field Guide to Teaching and Learning Online|date=1997|publisher=MIT Press|___location=Cambridge, Massachusetts|isbn=9780262082365|pages=[https://archive.org/details/learningnetworks00hara/page/299 299]|edition=3. print.|url-access=registration|url=https://archive.org/details/learningnetworks00hara/page/299}}</ref> The official opening date of the ICS was 15 January 1992. John Chanak, William Kish, and Aaron Putnam moved the server to a host machine at [[Carnegie Mellon University]] in July 1992, and took over its operation. Although it was [[Software bug|buggy]] and suffered from [[Lag (online gaming)|lag]] problems, the server was popular among a small group of chess enthusiasts. Over time, many features were added to the ICS, such as [[Elo rating system|Elo ratings]] and support for [[Graphical user interface|graphical]] clients, and the server was made more stable.<ref>{{cite web |author=Tim Mann |title=Internet Chess Servers |url=http://www.tim-mann.org/ics.html |access-date=14 May 2013}}</ref>
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