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Cloud computing is split into three categories: SaaS, PaaS, and IaaS. The article focuses heavily on SaaS, with some parts of the overview only true of SaaS, and not of PaaS or IaaS. I've tried to fix this while making minimal changes to the article structure. The old "Layers" section and accompanying graphic seemed to imply that cloud computing requires a cloud client, a cloud application, a cloud platform, a cloud infrastructure, and a cloud server. Hopefully my edits have clarified that this is not the case.[[User:Jbucket|Jbucket]] ([[User talk:Jbucket|talk]]) 20:13, 26 August 2011 (UTC)
: I'm not sure it really helped — particularly bundling clients with application. Perhaps it is worth explicitly mentioning though that cloud platforms need not be built on top of cloud infrastructure, etc. -- <u style="text-decoration:none; font-family: papyrus;">[[User:SamJohnston|samj]] <small><sub
:: Where is the "heavy focus on SaaS"? Got any specific examples to fix? -- <u style="text-decoration:none; font-family: papyrus;">[[User:SamJohnston|samj]] <small><sub
== History of the Cloud ==
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:: The Simon Wardely quote sounds like some marketing/research group hype that you wouldn't put in a defensible research paper. It may be Simon's job to say statements that appear to be profound at conferences, but that doesn't make it true. [[User:SteveLoughran|SteveLoughran]] ([[User talk:SteveLoughran|talk]]) 16:02, 4 September 2011 (UTC)
::: For what it's worth Simon's generally on point and goes into far more depth with the non-technical issues than most (Joe Weinman is another, and he does [http://www.joeweinman.com/Resources/Joe_Weinman_As_Time_Goes_By.pdf publish] [http://www.joeweinman.com/Resources/Joe_Weinman_Axiomatic_Cloud_Theory.pdf papers]). That said, if his opinions aren't delivered by/with [[WP:RS|reliable sources]] then they aren't appropriate for inclusion per [[WP:OPINON]] ("the article should represent the POVs of the main scholars and specialists who have produced reliable sources on the issue"). -- <u style="text-decoration:none; font-family: papyrus;">[[User:SamJohnston|samj]] <small><sub
:: Can you suggest how do we determine reliability in an area that is still evolving? Or should we continue to say the earth is flat and be afraid of saying the earth is round? <small><span class="autosigned">— Preceding [[Wikipedia:Signatures|unsigned]] comment added by [[User:Watal|Watal]] ([[User talk:Watal|talk]] • [[Special:Contributions/Watal|contribs]]) 15:29, 7 September 2011 (UTC)</span></small><!-- Template:Unsigned --> <!--Autosigned by SineBot-->
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[[User:Fcalculators|Fcalculators]] ([[User talk:Fcalculators|talk]]) 02:04, 14 September 2011 (UTC)
: Refer to the archives for (extensive) discussions on the topic. Regarding "Internet" vs "network", I agree but the market doesn't — there's a huge amount of activity in "cloud" computing that is not connected to the Internet and I think we need to be compatible with this alternative definition (which goes beyond [[WP:FRINGE]]). Finally, web search is, arguably, a cloud service. -- <u style="text-decoration:none; font-family: papyrus;">[[User:SamJohnston|samj]] <small><sub
:: I have read the discussion as suggested, and I can see that a great deal of effort has gone into arriving at a definition, often in difficult circumstances. However, I don’t think the definition is completely accurate, sufficiently inclusive or specific.
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Risks of cloud computing should be mentioned in this article to balance it.
If a full discussion of risk factors is not deemed necessary a reference should be provided. <span style="font-size: smaller;" class="autosigned">— Preceding [[Wikipedia:Signatures|unsigned]] comment added by [[Special:Contributions/173.77.12.6|173.77.12.6]] ([[User talk:173.77.12.6|talk]]) 07:45, 3 October 2011 (UTC)</span><!-- Template:Unsigned IP --> <!--Autosigned by SineBot-->
: Your risk (e.g. multi-tenancy) is my benefit — hence the "Issues" section which avoids the whole pro/con argument. -- <u style="text-decoration:none; font-family: papyrus;">[[User:SamJohnston|samj]] <small><sub
: I agree with this comment, and I believe that there should be separate Advantages and Risks sections. After all, any development of computing is done because there are advantages, at least to some consumers/providers, but also there are always risks. Any pro/con arguments can be dealt with using references, and by clearly stating who is the beneficiary or risk taker. For example, there are many legal sites that discuss some of the issues/risks, including privacy for consumers, and many IT users agree that one of their benefits is financial - ie reduced TCO. [[User:Fcalculators|Fcalculators]] ([[User talk:Fcalculators|talk]]) 00:48, 25 October 2011 (UTC)
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This risk is not mentioned in the voice and when some months ago I inserted it was immediately deleted from someone. --[[User:Cornelius383|Cornelius383]] ([[User talk:Cornelius383|talk]]) 19:44, 30 October 2011 (UTC)
: As one of the people who was actively promoting the term "cloud" to describe a number of trends we were observing 5 years ago, I can assure you that it is not as nefarious as it seems (despite ill-conceived efforts by large vendors to try to take control). The concept you describe is an important issue, but your view is unbalanced — the incentives for centralisation (in terms of economies of scale, natural monopolies, etc.) are strong but on the other hand the risks need to be quantified and mitigated using the available options — reject it (not going to happen due to market forces), accept it (dangerous, as you explain), reduce it (for example through backups/synchronosiation/etc) and/or assign it (for example, by taking out insurance). I'm sure people would have argued against the introduction of the power grid (electricity as a service) too, for all sorts of weird and wonderful reasons — remember there would have been a large established industry around the provision and operation of generators (electricity as a product). -- <u style="text-decoration:none; font-family: papyrus;">[[User:SamJohnston|samj]] <small><sub
: This seems to be a discussion of the subject, rather than how to improve the article. [[User:Fcalculators|Fcalculators]] ([[User talk:Fcalculators|talk]]) 00:31, 31 October 2011 (UTC)
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* '''Support merge'''. I don't seem to grasp the logic of an Encyclopedia holding a universe of articles '''plus''' another parallel universe of ''"Introduction To..."'' articles on the same subjects. It would be not only unnecessary, it would be simply ridiculous. --[[User:AVM|AVM]] ([[User talk:AVM|talk]]) 16:37, 21 March 2012 (UTC)
* '''Support merge BUT''' This article is already uncomfortably long, and merging the very valuable content from ''Introduction'' will push it beyond practical. Likely we will need to split off bits and pieces soon anyway, and some elements of ''Introduction'' might then rate their own, something like ''specialised language of cloud computing'', &c. [[User:Yamaplos|<
* '''Support merge'''. I suspect that, once merged, users would benefit from seeing terms such as "Platform as a Service", "Software as a Service", etc, and "Public Cloud" and "Private Cloud" being the focus of the article. When I say focus, I mean these things should appear first and be prominent. A Wikipedia article isn't a treatise or a thesis on a topic. Words like 'metaphor', 'model' and 'heterogeneous', 'abstraction' and 'denote' obfuscate the topic. The tone of many Wikipedia articles seems to be more about the practical and less about the theoretical, especially with regard to an article like this. Both articles could use a lot of editing (removal of content) once merged. [[User:SunKing2|SunKing2]] ([[User talk:SunKing2|talk]]) 09:54, 4 May 2012 (UTC)
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::::The refs are attached to the following statement in the article: "The name comes from the use of a cloud-shaped symbol". If these are not intended as sources for the expression it seems like they're misplaced. --[[User:Kvng|Kvng]] ([[User talk:Kvng|talk]]) 22:50, 14 August 2012 (UTC)
::::These patents are very interesting but the second patent is not a [[WP:RS|reliable]] [[WP:SECONDARY|secondary source]]. A reliable secondary source would be an newspaper or magazine article or a book that referred to the patents and drew conclusions about them. [[User:Jojalozzo|<
:::::The second patent 5,790,548 was not the unedited writings of four engineers that was rubber stamped and printed by the US Patent Office. This patent was rewritten by patent lawyers working for the independent law firm of Meyertons, Hood, Kivlin, Kowert & Goetzel and further edited by the US Patent Office examiner. The rewrite process provided by the lawyers was every bit as rigorous and critical as that provided by the editorial staff of a book publishing or newspaper or magazine publishing company. And their polished work was given further critical review by the patent examiner whose job is to reject ambigous, vague, or misleading text or drawings, mistatements of fact, and self-serving puffery. If the expression "cloud" as a metaphor for the Internet had been deemed too silly or confusing, one of the lawyers or the examiner would have required a different expression. Patents that were edited by law firm lawyers are reliable sources. [[User:Greensburger|Greensburger]] ([[User talk:Greensburger|talk]]) 21:39, 15 August 2012 (UTC)
::::::Patents are not sources for statements about who originated certain terminology and neither of these patents make any claims about originating the term. That could be a trademark issue but not patent issue. We need a source that states this is the origin or even "one of the earliest uses" of the term. It's not our role to [[WP:OR|do that research ourselves]]. I have removed the citations as unnecessary in the lead. If we have consensus here to use those sources to show the origin of the term they can be used in a terminology or etymology section. [[User:Jojalozzo|<
:::::::I agree that a reliable reference for origination of the "cloud" symbol would be a good addition to this article. But the references to the patents bear on a different issue, the fact that the term "cloud" was and is a generic symbol for the Internet or similar network, without providing the complex details of its structure, just as a picture of a car is a generic symbol that implies the complex internals (engine, ignition circuitry, etc), regardless of who first used the symbol. [[User:Greensburger|Greensburger]] ([[User talk:Greensburger|talk]]) 02:42, 16 August 2012 (UTC)
::::::::The statement where they were used for reference concerned a) the source of the term and b) the use of a cloud as an graphical abstraction of complex infrastructure. We agree that the referenced patents do not support (a) and I see no support for (b) either. They just say they use a cloud, not why they use it. There must be more recent sources that support (b) directly. You are clearly an excellent researcher and I'm sure you can locate what we need. However, we don't need references in the lead as long as we cover the statements later in the main body of the article. [[User:Jojalozzo|<
== Reference 1 holds only definitions for IaaS, Paas and SaaS ==
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== Historical contribution of Biju John and Souheil Khaddaj ==
I have removed content added to the history section concerning a paper or book by Biju John and Souheil Khaddaj because it appears to be primarily promotion of their work rather than historical information. Two sources offered are links to general commercial content about cloud, unrelated to the cited work. The source that appears to support the cited work uses an unpublished, incorrect or non-existent ISBN, possibly for proceedings of a conference (which are not highly reliable, just a notch away from self-published). Even if this turns out to be a valid document, I don't see that it is a historical contribution. It may have a place elsewhere in the article but not in the history section. (Similarly other content that's only months or a year or two old do not belong in the history section and appear more to be [[WP:NOT#NEWS|news-related rather than encyclopedic]].) [[User:Jojalozzo|<
== Modern Origins Of Cloud Computing ==
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a single network was defined for "virtual data".
Ref: US Patent # 4432057 <small><span class="autosigned">— Preceding [[Wikipedia:Signatures|unsigned]] comment added by [[User:Ddcs|Ddcs]] ([[User talk:Ddcs|talk]] • [[Special:Contributions/Ddcs|contribs]]) 15:57, 1 November 2012 (UTC)</span></small><!-- Template:Unsigned --> <!--Autosigned by SineBot-->
== European fear of supervision by US (NSA) ==
There is a discussion about this, e.g., in Slate Magazine: [http://www.slate.com/blogs/future_tense/2013/01/08/fisa_renewal_report_suggests_spy_law_allows_mass_surveillance_of_european.html]. What I added to external links should be expanded by someone who knows more about the subject: [http://www.europarl.europa.eu/committees/en/studiesdownload.html?languageDocument=EN&file=79050 Fighting cyber crime and protecting privacy in the cloud. European Parliament - Directorate-General for Internal Policies. 2012]. [[User:Zingophalitis|Zingophalitis]] ([[User talk:Zingophalitis|talk]]) 17:55, 10 January 2013 (UTC)
== Block storage ==
I came to the article and started to try to understand it from the diagram at the top. The diagram mentions "block storage". I don't know what that means or why it's different from uploading my files. So the article needs to at least have a link to explain what the diagram means. <span style="font-size: smaller;" class="autosigned">— Preceding [[Wikipedia:Signatures|unsigned]] comment added by [[Special:Contributions/122.61.61.161|122.61.61.161]] ([[User talk:122.61.61.161|talk]]) 21:39, 1 February 2013 (UTC)</span><!-- Template:Unsigned IP --> <!--Autosigned by SineBot-->
== RfC: Limitations on list of cloud services ==
Is there value in listing every reliably sourced cloud service <u>in the introduction</u> on this page? If so, should we require sources for new additions? [[User:Jojalozzo|<span style="color:#500000;">Joja</span>]][[User talk:Jojalozzo|<span style="color:#005000;">lozzo</span>]] 22:38, 18 January 2013 (UTC)
===Survey===
*'''No and Yes''' - I think the "Kitchen sink as a service (KSaaS)" meme is losing strength and as more and more refined niche services are offered, the colliding "aaS" acronyms become less and less meaningful. I propose we shorten the "aaS" list back to the standard five or six layer stack and list some examples of the varieties of services that use that architecture without the "as as service" suffixes or "aaS" acronyms. However, if we want to allow the list to grow let's set some limits and require every entry have a reliable secondary source. At the very least if we are going to let the list grow, we should move it out of the introduction. [[User:Jojalozzo|<span style="color:#500000;">Joja</span>]][[User talk:Jojalozzo|<span style="color:#005000;">lozzo</span>]] 22:38, 18 January 2013 (UTC)
*'''No''' - The whole .aaS thing is semantic gobbledygook that should be removed with extreme prejudice. [[User:The Editorial Voice|The Editorial Voice]] ([[User talk:The Editorial Voice|talk]]) 22:53, 20 January 2013 (UTC)
*'''No'''' This list needs to be [[WP:V|verifiable]]. It should be trimmed back to what's mentioned in citation [1]. If the list wants to be larger, someone needs to find a better citation. -—[[user talk:Kvng|Kvng]] 14:48, 23 January 2013 (UTC)
*'''No''' Agreement with [[user talk:Kvng|Kvng]] [[User:SimonBramfitt|SimonBramfitt]] ([[User talk:SimonBramfitt|talk]]) 19:37, 1 February 2013 (UTC)
*'''No'''Make a new section in the article ―'''[[User:Rosscoolguy|<span style="color:#088A08;">Ross</span>]][[User_Talk:Rosscoolguy|<span style="color:#0489B1;">coolguy</span>]]''' 15:06, 1 February 2013 (UTC)
*'''No''' Only the first paragraph should be in the lede. ''On the assumption'' that the rest of the (current) lede is adequately verified by its citation, I don't much mind the rest of the lede, but only if the first para is followed by a suitable section heading such as "Overview" or "Introduction". If there were not an RFC in progress, I would immediately have inserted one myself. Of course, FAIK the rest of the text needs a lot of work, but that is another matter. Without going into the matter personally however, I cannot accept the "gobbledygook-deletion-with-extreme-prejudice" without prejudice; IMO one needs a bit more precise and explicit justification for such action. As I am not closely concerned with CC myself, I am not willing to undertake such evaluations and actions myself, but I would like to see a more substantial rationale from anyone urging such measures. [[User:JonRichfield|JonRichfield]] ([[User talk:JonRichfield|talk]]) 06:39, 5 February 2013 (UTC)
===Threaded discussion===
*<b>No</b> to a list or section, but if a company contributed substantially to the concept, then their inclusion may be appropriate in the corresponding section. Say, for example, they are considered to be the first use of cloud computing or the first commercially successful one... [[User:CorporateM|CorporateM]] ([[User_talk:CorporateM|Talk]]) 20:51, 20 January 2013 (UTC)
*I assume you're talking about the list in the lead. Yes? -—[[user talk:Kvng|Kvng]] 14:48, 23 January 2013 (UTC)
*:Yes, I added a clarifying phrase. Thanks . [[User:Jojalozzo|<span style="color:#500000;">Joja</span>]][[User talk:Jojalozzo|<span style="color:#005000;">lozzo</span>]] 18:02, 23 January 2013 (UTC)
*'''Create new article for the list'''. I suggest creating an article along the lines of [[List of cloud computing services]]. <span style="color:orange">[[User:Andrewman327|Andrew]]<sup>[[User talk:Andrewman327|327]]</sup></span> 17:19, 25 January 2013 (UTC)
::You're free to create that separate list and that would be a good solution if we were discussing a large list in the body of the article. But, I don't think this has much bearing on the question of what should be listed in the lead. -—[[user talk:Kvng|Kvng]] 18:35, 25 January 2013 (UTC)
== Executive Summary?? ==
It seems that a few days ago, someone added an "'''Executive Summary'''" to the head of the article with the note "''Response to Wikipedia Admin request for a more general description targeted at a non-technical audience''" without discussion here. Barring that I've never seen something like this in any other Wikipedia article before, it just seems to turn the introduction into a total mess. Does this follow Wikipedia's standards for article composition?
Furthermore, shouldn't such a simplification be reserved for the '''[[Simple:Cloud computing|Simple English Wikipedia]]'''? I have seen much more technical rhetoric on other Wikipedia articles, and the original introductory paragraph does not seem too difficult to understand in the first place. I vote for reversion.
–– [[User:Amanisdude|amanisdude]] ([[User_talk:Amanisdude|talk]]) 04:58, 2 April 2013 (UTC)
:The more I read it, the more it became clear that the style and form of the "'''Executive Summary'''" paragraph does not conform to main English Wikipedia standards, so I've gone ahead and reverted it. Here is the original paragraph in case anyone wants to add a modified version of it to the '''[[Simple:Cloud computing|Simple English]]''' article:
::<div class="boilerplate" style="background-color: #efe; margin: 2em 0 0 0; padding: 0 10px 0 10px; border: 1px dotted #aaa;">'''Executive Summary (for the non-technical person):''' Cloud computing is the concept of using someone else's computer equipment instead of your own. It allows a person or a business to forget about technical details like whether a hard drive is big enough and puts that concern on another party. Sometimes those third parties charge for the use of the equipment or computer programs, which they are making available for you to use. Other times, the service is available as a public service; for example, [[Apple Inc.]] does not charge for the use of the [[iCloud]] for basic services. The iCloud saves your music and documents and other files and it does not use any space on your personal computer or mobile device. Those hard drives that store your information in the iCloud are maintained entirely by the Apple Corporation, and they have a guarantee of reasonable use with minimal interruption of service. One advantage of using the Apple iCloud is that because it is not your hard drive, and because all of your Apple devices are linked to the same cloud device, you as an end-user are able to access your files from all devices at any time. This advantage is a benefit of using someone else's hard drive across a computer network, which is the purpose of the cloud, and not the primary definition of what a cloud is or does. (Some people think that the Cloud's purpose is to allow a common access to data across multiple devices; this is actually a secondary advantage.) Another example of a cloud based system that is available for no charge is the free version of [[Ubuntu One]], which allows up to 5 GB of storage space to any user. Ubuntu One is targeted to a [[Linux]] user as opposed to a [[Macintosh]] or [[Personal computer|PC]] user. For more technical and more accurate information, please continue reading the remainder of the article below. </div>
:–– [[User:Amanisdude|amanisdude]] ([[User_talk:Amanisdude|talk]]) 05:51, 2 April 2013 (UTC)
== Bad definition ==
The article begins with ''"Cloud computing is the use of computing resources (hardware and software) that are delivered as a service over a network (typically the Internet)."'' It seems that this definition would include quite much every network service ever made. Maybe it could say something like ''"distributed in a network"'', unless an official definition can be found somewhere? --[[User:Petteri Aimonen|Petteri Aimonen]] ([[User talk:Petteri Aimonen|talk]]) 21:04, 7 December 2012 (UTC)
An official definition can be found here: http://csrc.nist.gov/publications/nistpubs/800-145/SP800-145.pdf --Anon <span style="font-size: smaller;" class="autosigned">— Preceding [[Wikipedia:Signatures|unsigned]] comment added by [[Special:Contributions/143.239.71.1|143.239.71.1]] ([[User talk:143.239.71.1|talk]]) 09:27, 18 June 2013 (UTC)</span><!-- Template:Unsigned IP --> <!--Autosigned by SineBot-->
== Appears to be ==
It looks like cloud computing "appears to be" derived from the act of drawing clouds to concisely represent entire networks, like [[CISCO]] does. However, even though I think this is probably true, we need some definitive sources before we can call this speculation "not original research". --[[User:Carrot Lord|Carrot Lord]] ([[User talk:Carrot Lord|talk]]) 03:39, 18 January 2013 (UTC)
''Both agree that “cloud computing” was born as a marketing term. At the time, telecom networks were already referred to as the cloud; in engineering drawings, a cloud represented the network.'' From http://www.technologyreview.com/news/425970/who-coined-cloud-computing/. This is not an urban legend, and the speculation about Super Mario has no place in this article. Can someone please update the "Origin of the Term" section? --[[User:Phillywrap]] <span style="font-size: smaller;" class="autosigned">—Preceding [[Wikipedia:Signatures|undated]] comment added 09:38, 18 June 2013 (UTC)</span><!--Template:Undated--> <!--Autosigned by SineBot-->
== Distinguishing between virtualisation and abstraction ==
Abstraction is a process of simplification that conceals the details of a system at its interface. Abstraction is also used to refer to the result of this process.
Virtualisation does not necessarily conceal details. I propose replacement of the phrase "Virtualization abstracts the physical infrastructure" with "Virtualization generalizes the physical infrastructure".
<ref name=SmithAndNair/> "Virtual machines versatile platforms for systems and processes" ISBN-13 9781558609105
--[[User:Edepa|Edepa]] ([[User talk:Edepa|talk]]) 15:14, 29 June 2013 (UTC)
The proposal made above has not received any feedback. I shall proceed to make the modification if no counter-proposals are received by 15th July.
--[[User:Edepa|Edepa]] ([[User talk:Edepa|talk]]) 10:55, 8 July 2013 (UTC)
== Dell no longer supports OpenStack ==
According to the article http://www.networkworld.com/news/2013/052013-dell-cloud-269969.html [[Dell]] no longer supports [[OpenStack]], and thus that information should be added into "Open Standards" section
[[User:Samveen|Samveen]] ([[User talk:Samveen|talk]]) 06:34, 19 June 2013 (UTC)
The idea that Dell is dumping OpenStack is silly. From the article:
"Instead, the company will focus on selling OpenStack-powered private clouds that run on Dell hardware and software"
What the article is really saying is that Dell is backing off from having a public cloud product.
[[User:Robert.Harker|Robert.Harker]] ([[User talk:Robert.Harker|talk]]) 07:58, 12 July 2013 (UTC)
== Star Trek reference ==
I've removed the section "Early references in popular culture". McCoy accessing the Enterprise's (single) computer in orbit from a device on a planet's surface is not cloud computing. At the most, it's client-server architecture.[[User:Vykk|Vykk]] ([[User talk:Vykk|talk]]) 20:46, 26 August 2013 (UTC)
== My humble opinion ==
In my humble opinion the author has done very well with the article. It was interesting to read it. Thank you. <span style="font-size: smaller;" class="autosigned">— Preceding [[Wikipedia:Signatures|unsigned]] comment added by [[Special:Contributions/199.30.91.24|199.30.91.24]] ([[User talk:199.30.91.24|talk]]) 12:25, 4 September 2013 (UTC)</span><!-- Template:Unsigned IP --> <!--Autosigned by SineBot-->
== Implications for archiving; long-term storage ==
Earlier in this talk page it's mentioned how Dell is dropping its support of some cloud architecture. The Issues section is missing a discussion regarding long-term archiving/accessibility of private data. As the cloud forces people to rely on a third party to store and take care of files ranging from personal photos to purchased music to business documents, with many (perhaps unwisely) choosing not to have a ground-based backup on their own computers (and with tablets having only limited storage capacity, even that option is becoming more uncommon), there must be concerns over the ability to ensure that a file saved in the cloud will still be accessible 10 years from now. As noted in the Privacy section, as it is third parties are capable of altering or deleting files (as those who experienced the great Amazon "1984" e-book deletion fiasco of a few years ago will recall vividly, or more recently those who were unable to view purchased movies on Netflix (a form of cloud) on Christmas Day 2012 because their server failed). Archives in government as it is are still trying to get a handle on how to archive e-mails and other digital-only documents so that historians 50 years from now will be able to access them, the fact so many documents and files are being relegate to the cloud without backup or permanent printed copies must be a concern to someone. [[Special:Contributions/68.146.70.124|68.146.70.124]] ([[User talk:68.146.70.124|talk]]) 21:45, 1 October 2013 (UTC)
:If you can find a [[WP:RS|reliable source]] where these concerns are discussed – e.g. a national newspaper or a periodical like ''Forbes'' or ''The Economist'' – that would make a good addition to the article. - [[User:Pointillist|Pointillist]] ([[User talk:Pointillist|talk]]) 00:22, 2 October 2013 (UTC)
== Profession API manufacturer ==
can you help me? <span style="font-size: smaller;" class="autosigned">— Preceding [[Wikipedia:Signatures|unsigned]] comment added by [[Special:Contributions/49.73.165.117|49.73.165.117]] ([[User talk:49.73.165.117|talk]]) 04:11, 10 October 2013 (UTC)</span><!-- Template:Unsigned IP --> <!--Autosigned by SineBot-->
== Disadvantages of cloud computing ==
I proffered numerous disadvantages—clearly derivable from common-sense consideration of the "advantages," coupled with observation of how cloud migration has impaired service and all but obviated security—but the Wikiadmins disagreed and deleted all of it before I could say "Jack Robinson," UNQUESTIONABLY because I disagreed with the mantras proffered by their deep-pocketed corporate sponsors whom they claim not to have.
Why is it unquestionable? "A city that is set on an [''sic''] hill cannot be hid," once quoth a famous rabbi and Saviour.
Anyone else had similar misadventures? (Like I don't know the answer to this . . .)
[[Special:Contributions/50.128.184.140|50.128.184.140]] ([[User talk:50.128.184.140|talk]]) 16:51, 18 October 2013 (UTC)
== Natural gas poses amazing ==
Natural gas poses amazing some transportation problems and is mainly shipped through pipelines <span style="font-size: smaller;" class="autosigned">— Preceding [[Wikipedia:Signatures|unsigned]] comment added by [[Special:Contributions/79.182.105.72|79.182.105.72]] ([[User talk:79.182.105.72|talk]]) 07:59, 8 November 2013 (UTC)</span><!-- Template:Unsigned IP --> <!--Autosigned by SineBot-->
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[/LIST] <span style="font-size: smaller;" class="autosigned">— Preceding [[Wikipedia:Signatures|unsigned]] comment added by [[Special:Contributions/176.102.219.6|176.102.219.6]] ([[User talk:176.102.219.6|talk]]) 08:59, 12 November 2013 (UTC)</span><!-- Template:Unsigned IP --> <!--Autosigned by SineBot-->
== Consumer end storage ==
Consumer end storage: The first sentence is making a bold statement.This without a reference holds very less significance.[[User:Kapoorruchit|Kapoorruchit]] ([[User talk:Kapoorruchit|talk]]) 17:58, 26 November 2013 (UTC)
== Reference to Larry Ellson ==
Regarding the following the comment in the article:
Critical voices including GNU project initiator Richard Stallman and Oracle founder Larry Ellison warned that the whole concept is rife with privacy and ownership concerns and constitute merely a fad.[94]
... and assuming this is The Guardian article that's referenced at [94]:
http://www.theguardian.com/technology/2008/sep/29/cloud.computing.richard.stallman
I have a question: Why is Larry Ellison referenced in the Wikipedia article when he's never referred to in The Guardian article?
Suggest removing his name. <small><span class="autosigned">— Preceding [[Wikipedia:Signatures|unsigned]] comment added by [[User:Glitterspray|Glitterspray]] ([[User talk:Glitterspray|talk]] • [[Special:Contributions/Glitterspray|contribs]]) 19:05, 1 February 2014 (UTC)</span></small><!-- Template:Unsigned --> <!--Autosigned by SineBot-->
== I think paragraph 3 should be moved to be the opening paragraph ==
The 3rd paragraph IMHO defines what most people think of as "Cloud Computing" and as more SaaS (and PaaS, etc.) happens this will increase. Starting out with a paragraph about distributed computing is too esoteric for what most people are doing. If I can figure out how to edit this topic I will make that change. <span style="font-size: smaller;" class="autosigned">— Preceding [[Wikipedia:Signatures|unsigned]] comment added by [[Special:Contributions/66.35.226.228|66.35.226.228]] ([[User talk:66.35.226.228|talk]]) 22:53, 9 April 2014 (UTC)</span><!-- Template:Unsigned IP --> <!--Autosigned by SineBot-->
== Provide Context ==
In my role as IT Director, I always find it difficult to introduce the idea of moving IT departments and services to the cloud without first providing a context as to why. Why should we spend the time, manpower, dollars to embrace this possibly "over-hyped" technology. I always start off by describing the problem we are trying to address, then delve into the solution. This is basic PM presentation 101.
---- <small><span class="autosigned">— Preceding [[Wikipedia:Signatures|unsigned]] comment added by [[User:MikeFromOlney|MikeFromOlney]] ([[User talk:MikeFromOlney|talk]] • [[Special:Contributions/MikeFromOlney|contribs]]) 18:36, 12 April 2014 (UTC)</span></small><!-- Template:Unsigned --> <!--Autosigned by SineBot-->
== Is it too technical? No, but I have a suggestion ==
It was clear enough to me, a non-techie, once I got past "virtual servers". But it wouldn't hurt to have a sort of dictionary type entry for those, like me, who've heard the term without knowing specifically what it meant. Usually I wait until context eventually makes it obvious, but context wasn't doing it so I searched here. A brief, simplistic definition at the beginning may be all some users need, and may help make the article more clear right away for those who want more info. My suggestion would be: Use of software and applications from the Internet rather than being installed and run on an individual PC, including services such as data backup on the Internet rather than on a PC hard drive. It leaves out a lot but may give a ground level idea of what's being referred to when the term 'cloud computing' is used. It would have allowed me to know right away what 'virtual servers' (for example) referred to.
Seems like it's new term for a computing concept and practice that's been around well over a decade. I recall the 'Inet machines', which were inexpensive small laptops ($300 when even basic laptops cost $2000) that had little or no hard drives and only an operating system and a browser. And lots of us worked in companies with a hardwire intranet where all the software was run from the company servers. May still be the case, but I'm retired and not up on these things.
````Joyce Cleveland Mar 25, 2014 <span style="font-size: smaller;" class="autosigned">— Preceding [[Wikipedia:Signatures|unsigned]] comment added by [[Special:Contributions/74.136.50.61|74.136.50.61]] ([[User talk:74.136.50.61|talk]]) 16:28, 25 March 2014 (UTC)</span><!-- Template:Unsigned IP --> <!--Autosigned by SineBot-->
::Yes, it's an old girl tarted up to look like a peach. "Thin clients", diskless workstations that relied on central computing cores and storage were displaced by the cheap and powerful desktop workstations that became available in the 2000's, and now we're seeing the same old players trying to sell their failed architecture wrapped up in new buzzwords... And at a time when desktop computers are smaller, less expensive, and more powerful than ever. The real intent can be seen when one "follows the money"... Direct corporate control of access to content. <small><span class="autosigned">— Preceding [[Wikipedia:Signatures|unsigned]] comment added by [[User:131.215.115.311|131.215.115.311]] ([[User talk:131.215.115.311|talk]] • [[Special:Contributions/131.215.115.311|contribs]]) 22:53, 31 March 2014 (UTC)</span></small><!-- Template:Unsigned -->
: (Not authored by previous paragraph writer) So again, my two cents: 'Cloud computing' covers a lot of ground and frequently means different things to different people. This article might benefit from serving as a overview or disambiguation article, with new individual article covering specific sub-areas of 'cloud computing.' Broadly, four areas leap to mind: Data storage, application usage, networking, and data management. They might roughly map to IAAS, SAAS and PAAS but I'll leave that for true Wikipedians to decide. :-) Thanks again. [[User:Scott.somohano|Scott.somohano]] ([[User talk:Scott.somohano|talk]]) 01:51, 24 May 2014 (UTC)
== Merge from [[cloud computing architecture]] ==
This article appears to be largely repetitive with the main cloud computing article, and most of its content arguably belongs here. -- [[User:SamJ|samj]] <small><sub>[[User talk:Samj|<span style="color:maroon;">in</span>]]</sub><sup>[[Special:Contributions/SamJ|<span style="color:green;">out</span>]]</sup></small> 07:24, 3 July 2014 (UTC)
== Questioning whether Cloud is an appropriate separate term ==
Although cloud computing is clearly used in modern-day language, the use of the term is arguably a marketing phrase. With some co-authors, we've written about some of the history on that and have made a case that cloud computing is, essentially, any two-way interaction on the Internet (in particular, it's the same as web-based email, blogging tools, etc). This view differs from much of what is written in this Wikipedia article, but that doesn't mean that the view is wrong. I had added a couple lines in the article and cited our piece that covers this in an article published in 2012 in the Computer Law & Security Review (the article is on SSRN, here: http://ssrn.com/abstract=2295216). I've run into quite a bit of resistance from some of the great editors and curators of the page in including this, with a view that it's self promotion and also that we're not experts. I respect those opinions, but I disagree that the topic is irrelevant for cloud computing.
My question, for discussion: what is the best way to advance some of this in the context of the Wikipedia article? <small><span class="autosigned">— Preceding [[Wikipedia:Signatures|unsigned]] comment added by [[User:Dudewhereismybike|Dudewhereismybike]] ([[User talk:Dudewhereismybike|talk]] • [[Special:Contributions/Dudewhereismybike|contribs]]) 00:14, 2 July 2014 (UTC)</span></small><!-- Template:Unsigned --> <!--Autosigned by SineBot-->
: With 150,000 Google Scholar hits I'd suggest that cloud computing is a lot more than a "marketing phrase" (even if it is routinely abused by vendors). -- [[User:SamJ|samj]] <small><sub>[[User talk:Samj|<span style="color:maroon;">in</span>]]</sub><sup>[[Special:Contributions/SamJ|<span style="color:green;">out</span>]]</sup></small> 08:48, 3 July 2014 (UTC)
== Getting the definition in the introduction section right ==
I removed the new definition added by Science.Warrior and put mine back in as the first definition. Besides fixing the grammar in the introductory section, the newer simpler definition proposed was not accurate without including the role of virtualization. It would be the equivalent of describing a car and not mentioning that it has an engine until a later section. I disagree that this makes it too complicated the way it is written, because readers can jump to the virtualization article if they so wish. Also, the definition put in its place unnecessarily oversimplified the concept of cloud. It equates the cloud with any computer network - Internet, intranet, LAN or WAN, without mentioning the critical role of virtual servers.[[User:Timtempleton|Timtempleton]] ([[User talk:Timtempleton|talk]]) 02:34, 3 July 2014 (UTC)
: The majority of the lede now rambles about virtualisation, and yet the technology is absolutely optional and is used sparingly, if at all, in delivery of many/most cloud computing services. The Google platform, for example, runs on bare metal (even if they also offer GCE, which is negligible in comparison with the rest of their footprint). Sure it's relevant to cloud infrastructure, but not to the general concept of cloud. -- [[User:SamJ|samj]] <small><sub>[[User talk:Samj|<span style="color:maroon;">in</span>]]</sub><sup>[[Special:Contributions/SamJ|<span style="color:green;">out</span>]]</sup></small> 07:28, 3 July 2014 (UTC)
::Thanks for the feedback. I appreciate how everyone wants to get this right. Nobody wants to be a contributor to an article that is held up by the critics as an example of poor educational quality. However, are not Google's cloud storage [[Google_Storage#Design|"buckets"]] themselves a form of virtual storage, and therefore part of the virtualization discussion? [[Amazon S3|Amazon's S3]] storage units are also derived from virtual buckets. If you feel the intro rambles, it may be because of the attempt to clarify the term for laymen. Please feel free to modify it to better suit your preferred style of writing.[[User:Timtempleton|Timtempleton]] ([[User talk:Timtempleton|talk]]) 18:21, 3 July 2014 (UTC)
::: Yes, in addition to hardware (cores), we also virtualise storage, memory, networks, etc. — this is not in any way unique to cloud computing though. A lot of people assume that cloud is somehow equivalent to, or dependent on, hardware virtualisation. That's just not the case — sure most infrastructure services use it to divide physical machines between multiple customers, but we're increasingly seeing "bare metal" services offering direct access to the underlying hardware, so it's optional there too. -- [[User:SamJ|samj]] <small><sub>[[User talk:Samj|<span style="color:maroon;">in</span>]]</sub><sup>[[Special:Contributions/SamJ|<span style="color:green;">out</span>]]</sup></small> 11:30, 8 July 2014 (UTC)
== Inappropriate external links ==
I have moved the following from the EL section. These might make good sources for article content but there's no need to have them in the EL section:
* [http://www.buyya.com/papers/Cloud-FGCS2009.pdf Cloud Computing and Emerging IT Platforms: Vision, Hype, and Reality for Delivering Computing as the 5th Utility]. Rajkumar Buyya, Chee Shin Yeo, Srikumar Venugopal, James Broberg, and Ivona Brandic. Future Generation Computer Systems, Volume 25, Number 6, Pages: 599-616, ISSN: 0167-739X, Elsevier Science, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, June 2009.
* [http://csrc.nist.gov/publications/nistpubs/800-145/SP800-145.pdf The NIST Definition of Cloud Computing]. Peter Mell and Timothy Grance, NIST Special Publication 800-145 (September 2011). National Institute of Standards and Technology, U.S. Department of Commerce.
* [http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/sp/2011/sp800-144.pdf Guidelines on Security and Privacy in Public Cloud Computing]. Wayne Jansen and Timothy Grance, NIST Special Publication 800-144 (December 2011). National Institute of Standards and Technology, U.S. Department of Commerce.
* [http://www.enisa.europa.eu/activities/risk-management/files/deliverables/cloud-computing-risk-assessment Cloud Computing – Benefits, risks and recommendation for information security]. Daniele Cattedu and Giles Hobben, European Network and Information Security Agency 2009.
* [http://www.europarl.europa.eu/committees/en/studiesdownload.html?languageDocument=EN&file=79050 Fighting cyber crime and protecting privacy in the cloud. European Parliament – Directorate-General for Internal Policies. 2012]
*[http://purl.fdlp.gov/GPO/gpo32975 Cloud Computing: What are the Security Implications?: Hearing before the Subcommittee on Cybersecurity, Infrastructure Protection, and Security Technologies of the Committee on Homeland Security, House of Representatives, One Hundred Twelfth Congress, First Session, October 6, 2011]
* [https://www.google.com/patents/US20130060657?dq=ininventor:%22Benjamin+Franklin+Clay%22&hl=en&sa=X&ei=EJnsUYGCLJHg8ASquoCIAw&ved=0CDYQ6AEwAA PCI Compliant E-Commerce In The Cloud] Hosting E-Commerce Based on Cloud Computing
* [http://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/cloud/private-cloud Cloud and Datacenter Solution Hub] on Microsoft TechNet
* [http://www.forbes.com/sites/kashmirhill/2013/08/08/email-company-reportedly-used-by-edward-snowden-shuts-down-rather-than-hand-data-over-to-feds/ Forbes article: security issues arising from Snowden situation]
* [http://www.dmoz.org/Computers/Internet/Cloud_Computing/ DMOZ: Cloud Computing Category]
[[User:Jojalozzo|<span style="color:#500000;">Joja</span>]][[User talk:Jojalozzo|<span style="color:#005000;">lozzo</span>]] 02:18, 3 April 2014 (UTC)
:Only my two cents, but I would not say all of these links have the same level of value. Some are very broad, other very specific, and some tangential. For example, the NIST papers seem appropriate, whereas the Ed Snowden item is tangential at best. The others are in between. The specific link I added a year ago (on Microsoft TechNet) is the broadest page I could link to about Microsoft's technical content for cloud (not marketing content). Hence, I considered it useful & not gratuitous. Thanks. [[User:Scott.somohano|Scott.somohano]] ([[User talk:Scott.somohano|talk]]) 01:22, 24 May 2014 (UTC)
::Use them as sources but they don't qualify as external links. [[User:Jojalozzo|<span style="color:#500000;">Joja</span>]][[User talk:Jojalozzo|<span style="color:#005000;">lozzo</span>]] 22:11, 24 May 2014 (UTC)
::: That's the thing. Some of them can and do qualify under item #3 of [[WP:ELYES]]:
::::''Sites that contain neutral and accurate material that is relevant to an encyclopedic understanding of the subject and cannot be integrated into the Wikipedia article due to copyright issues,[3] amount of detail (such as professional athlete statistics, movie or television credits, interview transcripts, or online textbooks), or other reasons.''
:::NIST is a standards agency. Microsoft is a long-time industry leader in enterprise networking. Those sources provide tons of depth that cannot be included in any single article. Treating them as external links is a reasonable approach. Thanks again. [[User:Scott.somohano|Scott.somohano]] ([[User talk:Scott.somohano|talk]]) 03:27, 25 May 2014 (UTC)
::::TechNet provides information and services that is specific to the Microsoft product range and hence the content is only relevant insofar as it is platform specific. Also broadly construed, it can be seen as a violation of ELNO #14 "manufacturers, suppliers or customers" - i.e. service providers or commercially oriented entities. -[[User:SFK2|SFK2]] ([[User talk:SFK2|talk]]) 05:34, 25 May 2014 (UTC)
::::: ELNO #14 is also not applicable. It states "Lists of links to manufacturers, suppliers or customers." My link to Cloud Hub on TechNet is not that & neither are the two NIST links. I will not contest this further, but I do find it interesting that a link that qualifies under item #3 on [[WP:ELYES]] is denied under at least three rules that are shown to be not applicable. Thanks again for your time and consideration.[[User:Scott.somohano|Scott.somohano]] ([[User talk:Scott.somohano|talk]]) 02:05, 29 May 2014 (UTC)
:::::: I think 'manufacturers, suppliers or customers' can be reasonably interpreted to include commercial entities that deliver the related product/service. Would you agree? -[[User:SFK2|SFK2]] ([[User talk:SFK2|talk]]) 02:13, 29 May 2014 (UTC)
::::::: Sure, but you're citing only part of ELNO #14 out of its context. The ''subject'' of ELNO #14 is 'list of links' ''not'' 'manufacturers, suppliers or customers.' Of all the external links removed by Jojalozzo, only one (DMOZ) might qualify as a list of links to manufacturers, suppliers or customers under that guideline. [[User:Scott.somohano|Scott.somohano]] ([[User talk:Scott.somohano|talk]]) 22:19, 29 May 2014 (UTC)
:: The external links section has always been a [[WP:COATRACK]] — I agree with being ruthless in keeping it clean, and there's few if any good, unbiased third-party sources that would qualify. -- [[User:SamJ|samj]] <small><sub>[[User talk:Samj|<span style="color:maroon;">in</span>]]</sub><sup>[[Special:Contributions/SamJ|<span style="color:green;">out</span>]]</sup></small> 08:46, 3 July 2014 (UTC)
Here's one more potential source:
* [http://www.buyya.com/papers/SDCC-Keynote2014.pdf Software-Defined Cloud Computing: Architectural Elements and Open Challenges]
[[User:Jojalozzo|<span style="color:#500000;">Joja</span>]][[User talk:Jojalozzo|<span style="color:#005000;">lozzo</span>]] 23:39, 30 August 2014 (UTC)
== Earlier ref ==
[http://archive.wired.com/wired/archive/2.04/general.magic_pr.html This article] refers to the cloud in 1993, referring to earlier events. [[User:Maury Markowitz|Maury Markowitz]] ([[User talk:Maury Markowitz|talk]]) 23:41, 20 October 2014 (UTC)
== Semi-protected edit request on 23 November 2014 ==
{{edit semi-protected|Cloud computing|answered=yes}}
<!-- Begin request -->
I believe the definition of Cloud Computing shouldn't mention neither computer nor storage as the provided resources, nontheless the term itself contains one of the terms (computing). Cloud Computing, as noted in other areas in this same article, is more than just infrastructure. Therefore, I'm proposing to mention the **type** of "things" instead of the name of the "things" being provided. For example:
{{Quote|text=Cloud computing is computing in which large groups of remote servers are networked to allow for online access to distributed services and/or resources. Clouds can be classified as public, private or hybrid.[1]}}
As another reference to support this change, we can take a look at what some of the current cloud services - or softwares - provide. AWS, OpenStack, Rackspace (OpenStack based), Eucaliptus all provide more than just computing and storage.
<!-- End request -->
[[User:Flaper87|Flaper87]] ([[User talk:Flaper87|talk]]) 20:53, 23 November 2014 (UTC)
:[[File:Red information icon with gradient background.svg|20px|link=]] '''Not done:''' please establish a [[Wikipedia:Consensus|consensus]] for this alteration before using the {{tlx|edit semi-protected}} template.<!-- Template:ESp --> — <span class="nowrap">{{U|[[User:Technical 13|Technical 13]]}} <sup>([[Special:EmailUser/Technical 13|e]] • [[User talk:Technical 13|t]] • [[Special:Contribs/Technical 13|c]])</sup></span> 02:17, 24 November 2014 (UTC)
== I think the section "Security, privacy and trust" is not clear ==
I think the section "Security, privacy and trust" is not clear.
That section should point to the issues explained at https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cloud_computing_issues
Currently, the page looks too positive to Cloud computing because the negative aspects of cloud computing are not explained well and the Neutral Point of View is affected.
I also have this suggestion:
The difference should be made between Customer Cloud and Enterprise Cloud because when the customers (I mean normal persons) use the cloud they don't really understand the issues involved, but when the companies use the cloud they have lawyers that read the contracts. Normal persons are not really going to read 11 pages, people just click "Accept" without reading and the legal issues explained at https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cloud_computing_issues (like ownership of the data) have not been resolved.
[[User:Abcdudtc|Abcdudtc]] ([[User talk:Abcdudtc|talk]]) 17:15, 25 November 2014 (UTC)
== Criticisms of the Cloud ==
I think the mention of:
The criticisms about it are mainly focused on its social implications
is too early in the article (somewhat abrupt), not very accurate, and the language can be improved. <small class="autosigned">— Preceding [[Wikipedia:Signatures|unsigned]] comment added by [[Special:Contributions/89.211.90.127|89.211.90.127]] ([[User talk:89.211.90.127|talk]]) 07:12, 14 December 2014 (UTC)</small><!-- Template:Unsigned IP --> <!--Autosigned by SineBot-->
== And mine, also ==
The article seems reasonable to me. The criticism that it's "too technical" is nothing short of inane. Firstly, the material is mustneeds of a technical nature; secondly, far more technical articles appear all over the place yet are seldom criticized. I would point out that the author's command of various aspects of the technology is rather superficial, but I digress.
[[Special:Contributions/50.128.184.140|50.128.184.140]] ([[User talk:50.128.184.140|talk]]) 13:28, 20 September 2013
=== It may be fine for you, but consider the audience ===
Please don't be "technologist", one person's inane is another person's incomprehensible. :)
Can't we just speak plain English? That introduction is not suitable for, say, children who just want to know what it means. How about opening with something like: "Cloud computing is a way of running software over the internet." Then go on to be just as technical as you like. [[User:Aelfgifu|Aelfgifu]] ([[User talk:Aelfgifu|talk]]) <span style="font-size: smaller;" class="auto signed"> — Preceding [[Wikipedia:Signatures|undated]] comment added 12:12, 19 January 2015 (UTC)</span><!--Template:Undated--> <!--Auto signed by SineBot-->
== Turnkey systems and distributed databases ==
I have been a programmer for 40 years. Young people tend to be unfamiliar with older technology. As best as I understand Cloud Computing, there are two types. One type is an evolution of Turnkey Systems and the other is a Distributed Database made available over the internet. I think that the database-only form of a cloud should be mentioned and contrasted with Distributed Databases. IBM was a pioneer in Distributed Database technology but I assume that is relevant to Distributed Databases so a link to Distributed Databases should be sufficient. Since the article mentions RJE, which is much less relevant than Turnkey Systems, Turnkey Systems sure should be mentioned. I think Turnkey Systems are also more relevant to Cloud Computing than timesharing systems. [[User:Sam Tomato|Sam Tomato]] ([[User talk:Sam Tomato|talk]]) 18:29, 30 January 2015 (UTC)
== Azure ==
I was very surprised that [[Microsoft_Azure|Microsoft Azure]] was not mentioned in the history. I added a short mention of it. [[User:Sam Tomato|Sam Tomato]] ([[User talk:Sam Tomato|talk]]) 18:37, 30 January 2015 (UTC)
== Remote Job Entry ==
'''''During the mid 70s, time-sharing was popularly known as RJE (Remote Job Entry); this nomenclature was mostly associated with large vendors such as IBM and DEC.'''''
This statement is incorrect. RJE was never referred to as time-sharing. Time-sharing was always an interactive experience involving a TTY terminal, a 2741 Selectric terminal, or something like that. In contrast, Remote Batch involved a large piece of hardware that was essentially a remote cardreader / printer device. They were called RJE terminals. I forget the IBM designation for them. Control Data also had them and I presume Univac and Burroughs did too. [[User:WithGLEE|WithGLEE]] ([[User talk:WithGLEE|talk]]) 22:27, 5 December 2014 (UTC)
:Yes RJE was not time-sharing. As for IBM's name for RJE, I remember IBM's [[Job Control Language]] having support for RJE jobs but Google cannot find anything about it. [[User:Sam Tomato|Sam Tomato]] ([[User talk:Sam Tomato|talk]]) 18:43, 30 January 2015 (UTC)
== Origins of "Cloud" ==
The cloud goes back farther than this article suggested by rAJNI KANTH
1985 source, book on ISDN:
https://books.google.com/books?id=UYcoAQAAMAAJ&q=packet+switched+diagram+cloud&dq=packet+switched+diagram+cloud&hl=en&sa=X&ei=729TVej7HdTZsAT984C4DA&ved=0CCoQ6AEwAQ
Make extensive use and reference to clouds in network diagrams.
Here's a 1988 source on the subject:
https://books.google.com/books?id=9M4SAQAAMAAJ&q=packet+diagram+cloud&dq=packet+diagram+cloud&hl=en&sa=X&ei=AWxTVfn8LuSOsQTJ04G4Dg&ved=0CD4Q6AEwAw
"Packet switching networks are universally represented on network schematic diagrams as a cloud. Presumably, data enter the cloud at one end and find their way miraculously through the fog to their proper destination at the other end."
:[hmm... looks like the date on this article might be wrong - [[User:Battling McGook|Battling McGook]] ([[User talk:Battling McGook|talk]]) 18:03, 13 May 2015 (UTC)]
Another 1988 source:
https://books.google.com/books?id=MtNrAAAAIAAJ&q=packet+switched+network+cloud&dq=packet+switched+network+cloud&hl=en&sa=X&ei=cG5TVYGzH4O_sQT4poCwBw&ved=0CDAQ6AEwAA
"When a packet enters the network 'cloud' from an end-point device, it must be routed to the destination end-point device by the packet switches forming the network."
And from 1989:
https://books.google.com/books?id=2GpPAAAAMAAJ&q=packet+switched+network+cloud&dq=packet+switched+network+cloud&hl=en&sa=X&ei=cG5TVYGzH4O_sQT4poCwBw&ved=0CEIQ6AEwBA
"Packet-switching Packet-Switched Data Networks (PSDN) are usually represented as a cloud with the legend X.25 inscribed on it, implying that it doesn 't matter what goes on inside the network as long as the data arrives."
To summarize, the cloud was useful in diagramming end-to-end communications in a very large network, where you really didn't care what was happening in the very complicated middle part of the diagram/ Otherwise network diagrams of complex networks would have to needlessly show a vast number of internal links that were utterly beside the point when discussing end-to-end communications.
This is also why the "cluster of servers" notion that the article talks about is completely ridiculous. First, the use of clouds to represent large sections of networks predates the modern version of the Internet. These early networks were unlikely to even have clusters of servers. Further, it's obvious that the cloud represents a broad chunk of network, while any cluster of servers would have been one single spot on a network diagram.
The reason the "Cloud" became synonymous with the Internet was because the Internet is one big giant packet-switched network. And the very idea of putting things in "the cloud" so you don't have to worry about them comes directly from this original usage of the cloud to represent a bunch of stuff out there who's function you didn't have to worry about.
The sources are clear, and that part needs to be updated. My opinions on how this turned into the modern usage of "Cloud" are my own, and unless and until someone says it out in the real world, you can't really put it in the article, but hopefully you can at least see how obvious it is that this is the real origin. [[User:Battling McGook|Battling McGook]] ([[User talk:Battling McGook|talk]]) 15:47, 13 May 2015 (UTC)
== Removing the 1950s section ==
I have BIG BIG problems with the section on the 1950s, and I plan to remove it completely.
In the 1950s, there was only one model of computing. There was no network and no cloud. People used big centralized mainframes for their computing because that was the only model in existence. Dumb terminals were just "terminals", because there were no smart terminals. There were no servers, and hence no clients, let alone no thin clients. Thin clients are actual computers that rely on network store. Dumb terminals are simply interfaces into a mainframe. The concept of time sharing was basically the polar opposite of cloud computing. Time-sharing arose because there was more demand than there was computing time. Cloud computing arose (in part) because there was excess computing time being wasted.
This entire section is basically a fractured fairy tale that never happened.
I'll let this comment sit for a week or so before taking action. [[User:Battling McGook|Battling McGook]] ([[User talk:Battling McGook|talk]]) 15:50, 6 July 2015 (UTC)
==Adding line about SAP's cloud offering ==
Since Oracle is mentioned in this article, would it be possible to also mention that [[SAP SE]] has a cloud-based solution in the form of [[SAP HANA]]? I think this would balance the article a bit more. In addition, SAP has formed a partnership with IBM to create a "hybrid cloud" for customers, as well as with Microsoft. Thank you for your consideration. [[User:Harper70|Harper70]] ([[User talk:Harper70|talk]]) 18:15, 13 October 2015 (UTC)Harper70
{{edit COI|ans=yes}}
:We should probably remove Oracle as well. Instead we could have a statement that most cloud computing platforms use open-source free software due to exorbitant charges for licensing and maintenance. When I searched for SAP cloud that was the first reference I came up with. [[User:Graeme Bartlett|Graeme Bartlett]] ([[User talk:Graeme Bartlett|talk]]) 21:49, 16 October 2015 (UTC)
::I think that [[Cloud computing]] should stick to the historically significant information. [[SAP HANA]] does not primarily seem to be a cloud offering, but [[HANA Enterprise Cloud]] seems to be the product. I would suggest that the SAP HANA article is boosted in content first. An then possibly a link from [[Software as a service]]. (Perhaps I am a bit harsh on the word "exorbitant", but the point is that software charges do not scale nicely in the cloud. Having to license each instantiation or run a license server is extra difficulty). [[User:Graeme Bartlett|Graeme Bartlett]] ([[User talk:Graeme Bartlett|talk]]) 21:56, 23 October 2015 (UTC)
Thank you, Graeme!! That's an excellent suggestion. I'm now in the process of compiling information and citations for the [[SAP HANA]] article, and once that's been done, we can continue the conversation. Many thanks! [[User:Harper70|Harper70]] ([[User talk:Harper70|talk]]) 15:01, 3 November 2015 (UTC)Harper70
== Scientific Description of a Cloud ==
The sentence "The word "cloud" is commonly used in science to describe a large agglomeration of objects that visually appear from a distance as a cloud and describes any set of things whose details are not further inspected in a given context." basically just says "The word "cloud" is commonly used in science to describe an object that looks like a cloud." I've got no idea what the second part means. "[W]hose details are not further inspected in a given context." What? What context? I wish I could see the source for it (the [14] one) to see what, exactly, is being sourced there because, man, I gotta say that is one challenging sentence. And by challenging I mean trash. [[Special:Contributions/2602:306:38C1:64D0:11D4:68ED:C92B:5FBD|2602:306:38C1:64D0:11D4:68ED:C92B:5FBD]] ([[User talk:2602:306:38C1:64D0:11D4:68ED:C92B:5FBD|talk]]) 06:15, 9 April 2016 (UTC)
: "Cloud" isn't perhaps the most descriptive term, but it is the [[WP:COMMONNAME]] and so we're stuck with it. It's better than "Amazon Web Services" at least, where "web services" already have a very clear definition as a remote API, quite distinct from most of what they provide.
: As to "[W]hose details are not further inspected in a given context.", that refers to the cloud practice of buying "a yard of computing power" without any knowledge of ''how'' this is to be provided. Is the size of computing effort requested to be supplied by a thin virtualised slice of a very big server? Or a dedicated small blade server? You can have good details of what you need to know (where it appears in IP space, how much size or power it offers, QoS reliability metrics) but you don't get to see more than this. Physically where it is is hidden. The hardware architecture is hidden. For [[Amazon Glacier]], no-one (outside AWS) even knows what it's built out of. [[User:Andy Dingley|Andy Dingley]] ([[User talk:Andy Dingley|talk]]) 10:25, 9 April 2016 (UTC)
== Semi-protected edit request on 1 July 2016 ==
{{edit semi-protected|Cloud computing|answered=yes}}
<!-- State UNAMBIGUOUSLY your suggested changes. Other editors need to know what to add or remove. Blank edit requests will be declined. -->
The document referenced in citation #2 has been moved. Please update it to http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/Legacy/SP/nistspecialpublication800-145.pdf and please edit that reference additionally to include the bibliographic information from the report: Peter Mell and Timothy Grance, "NIST Definition of Cloud Computing," National Institute of Standards and Technology: U.S. Department of Commerce, Special publication 800-145, September 2011.
<!-- Write your request ABOVE this line and do not remove the tildes below. -->
[[User:Sprinksvherself|Sprinksvherself]] ([[User talk:Sprinksvherself|talk]]) 14:21, 1 July 2016 (UTC)
:reference updated. However the old URL also still works. [[User:Graeme Bartlett|Graeme Bartlett]] ([[User talk:Graeme Bartlett|talk]]) 12:02, 2 July 2016 (UTC)
== Semi-protected edit request on 24 July 2016 ==
{{edit semi-protected|Cloud computing|answered=yes}}
I'd like to add the following:
Under "Similar concepts", add the following line about cloud sandboxes with a link to the "Sandbox (Cloud)" wiki page:
<br />
"[[Sandbox_(Cloud)|Cloud sandbox]]—A live, isolated computer environment in which a program, code or file can run without affecting the application in which it runs."
<br />
<br />
verifiable sources:<br />
http://searchsecurity.techtarget.com/definition/sandbox<br />
http://www.networkcomputing.com/data-centers/devops-hybrid-cloud-sandboxes/413832201
<br />
<br />
Thank you for considering this request.
[[User:Sandboxing4u|Sandboxing4u]] ([[User talk:Sandboxing4u|talk]]) 10:09, 24 July 2016 (UTC)
:[[File:Yes check.svg|20px|link=|alt=]] '''Done'''<!-- Template:ESp --> [[User:VarunFEB2003|VarunFEB2003]] ([[User talk:VarunFEB2003#top|talk]]) 11:41, 25 July 2016 (UTC)
== Semi-protected edit request on 29 August 2016 ==
{{edit semi-protected|Cloud computing|answered=yes}}
Two words need to be separated and a "to" added between them in the second paragraph from the top. "organizationsfocus" needs to be changed to "organizations to focus"
This is in the sentence "As well, it enables organizationsfocus on their core businesses instead of spending time and money on computer infrastructure."
I remember when these pages weren't protected like this and I could have just made the simple change like this myself. Boy has Wikipedia changed since 2000 when I was working at AOL and playing around with it. Now it's just like any other encyclopedia ... you have to send in recommendations to the "editor". - Loftlon
<div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr">
<div class="thumb tright">
Advocates claim that cloud computing allows companies to avoid upfront infrastructure costs (e.g., purchasing
<a class="mw-disambig" title="Server" href="/wiki/Server">servers</a>
). As well, it enables organizationsfocus on their core businesses instead of spending time and money on computer infrastructure.
<sup id="cite_ref-aws.amazon_4-0" class="reference">
<a href="#cite_note-aws.amazon-4">[4]</a>
</sup>
Proponents also claim that cloud computing allows enterprises to get their applications up and running faster, with improved manageability and less maintenance, and enables Information Technology (IT) teams to more rapidly adjust resources to meet fluctuating and unpredictable business demand.
</div></div>
[[User:Loftlon|Loftlon]] ([[User talk:Loftlon|talk]]) 23:02, 29 August 2016 (UTC)
:{{done}} -- [[User:Dane2007|<b style="color:blue">Dane<span style="color:#F14D0B">2007</span></b>]] <sup>[[User talk:Dane2007|<span style="color:#00AC1D;">'''talk'''</span>]]</sup> 00:14, 30 August 2016 (UTC)
== Balance sheet assets ==
The following sentence is a nonsense:
:The term "moving to cloud" also refers to an organization moving away from a traditional CAPEX model (buy the dedicated hardware and depreciate it over a period of time) to the OPEX model (use a shared cloud infrastructure and pay as one uses it).
The way of financing computer equipment like anything else is down to a financial decision. A company may own a fleet of lorries, or they can lease them, or they can rent them, or they can contract out the work to other haulage companies. Typically a operator will often employ all four models simultaneously and modify it depending of the most efficient mix. It is no different with computer equipment and services. So "moving to the cloud" has nothing to do with CAPEX of OPEX models, it is merely a metaphor for a type of computer infrastructure that may or may not be an asset on the balance sheet.
-- [[User:PBS|PBS]] ([[User talk:PBS|talk]]) 11:55, 14 July 2015 (UTC)
I see there is a source used in the article which could be used to support the sentence:
*{{cite web|url=http://aws.amazon.com/what-is-cloud-computing/|title=What is Cloud Computing? |work=Amazon Web Services |date=2013-03-19 |accessdate=2013-03-20}}
but it fails the [[MRDA (slang)|MRDA]], and is not written by someone who is qualified to asses the different way a corporation can finance their computer infrastructure. -- [[User:PBS|PBS]] ([[User talk:PBS|talk]]) 12:14, 14 July 2015 (UTC)
mfgdjo
ndjsnfj <!-- Template:Unsigned IP --><small class="autosigned">— Preceding [[Wikipedia:Signatures|unsigned]] comment added by [[Special:Contributions/14.142.133.70|14.142.133.70]] ([[User talk:14.142.133.70#top|talk]]) 11:36, 20 September 2016 (UTC)</small> <!--Autosigned by SineBot-->
== Semi-protected edit request on 11 October 2016 ==
{{edit semi-protected|Cloud computing|answered=yes}}
Propose this line be changed due to grammatical error:
Performance is monitored by IT experts from the service provide, and consistent and loosely coupled architectures are constructed using web services as the system interface.
New line reads as follows:
Performance is monitored by IT experts from the service provider, and consistent and loosely coupled architectures are constructed using web services as the system interface.
Note the verb "provide" has been changed to the noun "provider."
[[User:Antidelusive|Antidelusive]] ([[User talk:Antidelusive|talk]]) 17:00, 11 October 2016 (UTC)
:{{done}} --[[User:BurritoBazooka|BurritoBazooka]] ([[User talk:BurritoBazooka|talk]]) 17:15, 11 October 2016 (UTC)
== Semi-protected edit request on 3 October 2016 ==
{{edit semi-protected|Cloud computing|answered=yes}}
IoT as a Service
The emerging business perspectives coming from [[Internet of things|Internet of Things (IoT)]] are pushing private, public, and hybrid Cloud providers to integrate their system with embedded and mobile devices (including sensors and actuators) in order to provide together with the traditional Infrastructure, Platform and Software as a Services (IaaS, PaaS, SaaS) even a new type of service model, that is called \textit{IoT as a Service} (IoTaaS)<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Antonio|first1=Celesti|last2=Maria|first2=Fazio|last3=Massimo|first3=Villari|last4=Maurizio|first4=Giacobbe|last5=Antonio|first5=Puliafito|title=Characterizing Cloud Federation in IoT|journal=2016 30th International Conference on Advanced Information Networking and Applications Workshops (WAINA)|page=93-98|doi=10.1109/WAINA.2016.152}}</ref>.
{{reflist-talk}}
[[User:Acelesti|Acelesti]] ([[User talk:Acelesti|talk]]) 09:02, 3 October 2016 (UTC)
:I adjusted it a bit to be more easily readable for someone who hasn't taken a course in this stuff, so that the buzzword density of the article doesn't [http://www.buzzwordipsum.com/ holistically increase into a state of paradigm shift]. {{done}} --[[User:BurritoBazooka|BurritoBazooka]] ([[User talk:BurritoBazooka|talk]]) 17:20, 11 October 2016 (UTC)
== Semi-protected edit request on 12 October 2016 ==
{{edit semi-protected|Cloud computing|answered=yes}}
Proposed nomenclature correction: "economics of scale" becomes "economies of scale"
In economics the concept is known as "economies of scale" not "economics of scale."
Current sentence:
Cloud computing is cheaper because of economics of scale, and like any outsourced task, you tend to get what you get.
Proposed sentence:
Cloud computing is cheaper because of economies of scale, and like any outsourced task, you tend to get what you get.
[[User:Antidelusive|Antidelusive]] ([[User talk:Antidelusive|talk]]) 00:52, 12 October 2016 (UTC)
:[[File:Red information icon with gradient background.svg|20px|link=|alt=]] '''Not done:'''<!-- Template:ESp --> You are asking a change in a person's own quotation. — [[User:Andy M. Wang|'''''Andy W.''''']] <span style="font-size:88%">('''[[User talk:Andy M. Wang|<span style="color:#164">talk</span>]] ·''' [[Special:Contribs/Andy M. Wang|ctb]])</span> 05:35, 12 October 2016 (UTC)
== Semi-protected edit request on 16 October 2016 ==
{{edit semi-protected|Cloud computing|answered=yes}}
Move the "only" from here:
"an organization only pays for extra compute resources when"
...to here:
"an organization pays for extra compute resources only when"
[[User:MarciaRieferJohnston|MarciaRieferJohnston]] ([[User talk:MarciaRieferJohnston|talk]]) 05:27, 16 October 2016 (UTC)
:[[File:Yes check.svg|20px|link=|alt=]] '''Done'''<!-- Template:ESp --> — [[User:Andy M. Wang|'''''Andy W.''''']] ([[User talk:Andy M. Wang|<span style="color:#164">talk</span>]]) 05:52, 18 October 2016 (UTC)
== Semi-protected edit request on 18 October 2016 ==
{{edit semi-protected|Cloud computing|answered=yes}}
Request you to add about Fedrated Cloud File System. Below is data can be used.
FedFS (Federated File System Framework), a system that offers a distributed and federated cloud storage. Its benefits include uniform namespace and multi-protocol access to the data<ref>{{cite web|title=Federated Cloud File System Framework|url=http://calsoftinc.com/resources/technical-papers/federated-cloud-file-system-framework/|website=Calsoftinc.com}}</ref>.
[[User:Calsoftinc|Calsoftinc]] ([[User talk:Calsoftinc|talk]]) 09:51, 18 October 2016 (UTC)
[[File:Red information icon with gradient background.svg|20px|link=|alt=]] '''Not done:''' please provide [[WP:RS|reliable sources]] that support the change you want to be made.<!-- Template:EP --> There are a couple of problems with this request. "Cloud computing" is a vast topic, larger even than "[[cloud storage]]". Accordingly space in this top-level article is valuable and anything added to it needs to be of substantial significance, supported by [[WP:RS|reliable sources]]. A commercial product, rather than a broad concept, has an uphill struggle to demonstrate this. It ''will'' need ''independent'' sources to attest to its importance, not just a [[WP:SPS|self-published source]] from its own developers. [[User:Andy Dingley|Andy Dingley]] ([[User talk:Andy Dingley|talk]]) 10:05, 18 October 2016 (UTC)
{{tref}}
== '''2000s''' section; Semi-protected edit request on 8 March 2017 ==
{{edit semi-protected|Cloud computing|answered=yes}}
Please add the below section to the end of the 2000's section. Google is not mentioned as a provider in this category, so I wanted to add this in (as IBM, Microsoft, Oracle, and Amazon are):
</br>
</br>
Google Cloud released their PaaS service Google App Engine in preview in April of 2008.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://googleappengine.blogspot.nl/2008/04/introducing-google-app-engine-our-new.html|title=Introducing Google App Engine + our new blog |publisher=Google Developer Blog |date=2008-04-07 |accessdate=2017-03-07}}</ref> In May of 2012, Google Compute Engine was released in preview before being rolled out into General Availability in December of 2013. <ref>{{cite web|url=http://googledevelopers.blogspot.nl/2013/12/google-compute-engine-is-now-generally.html|title=Google Compute Engine is now Generally Available with expanded OS support, transparent maintenance, and lower prices |publisher=Google Developers Blog |date=2013-12-02 |accessdate=2017-03-07}}</ref>
--[[User:Top19|Top19]] ([[User talk:Top19|talk]]) 05:40, 8 March 2017 (UTC)
:[[File:Yes check.svg|20px|link=|alt=]] '''Done'''<!-- Template:ESp --> [[User:TheDragonFire|TheDragonFire]] ([[User talk:TheDragonFire|talk]]) 11:21, 12 March 2017 (UTC)
== Security Instances. ==
There is/are no statements here accorded the extreme open ended none security Cloud servers are. For legal relationships, they are nothing but an attempt to monopolize via acceptable ' dictatorial ' relationships (a standard beaurocratic subsidian mistake similar to the Bradley Tank debacle), with absolutely no intent to retain liability and responsibility. Defacto, the overal purpose would be to cause plausible deniability and diffuse liability and responsibility even further and directly onto a discardable third party element.
' Cloud ' computing, is another nomer for ' distributed node computing', one of the terms used to describe the use of Internet in cases of a national disaster (Dod specs), where each node could take up the load for a node that fell out.
Without doubt, the military and CLOSED industrial park applications are there, however, the commercial and PRIVATE enterprise applications are NOT there (Unless you definitely want a military Indian Microsoft Guru to pass personal information via a Cloud Server to his continental Indian ' mates ' of the potencial whereabouts of any remaining 2008 Sri Lankan Tamal Indian whom was not summarily executed. NO doubt a tactic that Northern Arabic Mix Indians would highly prefer).
Windows 10 & the use of Cloud servers have decremented PRIVATE personal security measurements exponencially, leaving most any open to beaurocracies with not much in mind but ' total domination ' and obliteration of all, except their own ' In ' Groups.
I would be off the opinion that these days, Heil Hitler comes in the form of Microsoft & Cloud Servers, and include quote IT professionals with absolutely no savor for much of any life, including their own, the overal instances of NONE security clearly denoting a suicidal measure.
Question here: How many times are individuals bribed (or wannabe a favoured), by removing commentaries that provide directivity that clearly state that there are con & frauds in place? <!-- Template:Unsigned IP --><small class="autosigned">— Preceding [[Wikipedia:Signatures|unsigned]] comment added by [[Special:Contributions/186.88.226.115|186.88.226.115]] ([[User talk:186.88.226.115#top|talk]]) 00:52, 24 March 2017 (UTC)</small> <!--Autosigned by SineBot-->
== As a former Tymshare employee ... ==
I feel that nothing deep can really be understood in the network and cloud computing technology and historically (1986) constrained UX evolution if one does not include the Tymshare contribution, its Tymnet public service as a trigger of the Telecommunications Deregulation and its impact on "multimatics pregnancy", the initial international packet switch services radical monopoly of its Tymnet multitechnology, and the notion of network extended services (missing layers six presentation and eight interapplications). Some more information on the Tymnet architecture and Keykos Tymshare operating system seem of the missing essence in here. <!-- Template:Unsigned IP --><small class="autosigned">— Preceding [[Wikipedia:Signatures|unsigned]] comment added by [[Special:Contributions/176.128.155.140|176.128.155.140]] ([[User talk:176.128.155.140#top|talk]]) 10:20, 13 May 2017 (UTC)</small> <!--Autosigned by SineBot-->
== On Demand ==
I don't find the term 'on demand' used in the first sentence to be a necessary feature of cloud computing. There are other models than on demand pricing such as Amazon Spot Instances, which use a set maximum price deferred model.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://aws.amazon.com/ec2/spot/|title=Amazon Spot Instances|publisher=Amazon Web Services|accessdate=2017-06-04}}</ref>
I believe that Microsoft's definition of cloud computing is more concise and accurate. <ref>{{cite web|url=https://azure.microsoft.com/en-gb/overview/what-is-cloud-computing/|title=What is cloud computing?|publisher=Microsoft|accessdate=2017-06-04}}</ref>
{{quote|Simply put, cloud computing is the delivery of computing services – servers, storage, databases, networking, software, analytics and more – over the Internet (“the cloud”). Companies offering these computing services are called cloud providers and typically charge for cloud computing services based on usage, similar to how you’re billed for gas or electricity at home.}}
[[User:AlexeiBarnes|AlexeiBarnes]] ([[User talk:AlexeiBarnes|talk]]) 14:22, 4 June 2017 (UTC)
{{tref}}
== External links modified ==
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== Semi-protected edit request on 19 March 2018 ==
I was an established Wiki Editor for years, however, my email ___domain went away (while I was sitting in a cargo container in Iraq) and over the past month I have not been able to login into the ID, spfrazer, so I created a new account under, stevefrazer. I would be happy to return the spfrazer and delete the new account - I sent several emails into the "Wiki Helpdesk" - no response. Please help me reset the password for spfrazer. Thank you!
The following is too much information I understand (though the following is only 10% of what I have documented), however, there are hundreds of millions of records that can be produced - particularly from the cloud computing monitoring system I wrote in 1994. There are hundreds of people still alive who will confirm this history. Just need to know what you folks require. Regards...
{{edit semi-protected|Cloud computing|answered=yes}}
CHANGE FROM:
While the term "cloud computing" was popularized with Amazon.com releasing its Elastic Compute Cloud product in 2006,[8] references to the phrase "cloud computing" appeared as early as 1996, with the first known mention in a Compaq internal document.[9]
TO:
While the term "cloud computing" was popularized with Amazon.com releasing its Elastic Compute Cloud product in 2006,[8] references to the phrase "cloud computing" appeared as early as 1994. By late 1993, the Distributed Systems Administrators of the Investment Products Organization of the Nationwide Insurance Enterprise had already adopted naming schemes for the existing 14 UNIX servers. They used oceans (Pacific, Atlantic, Indian, ...) for the larger servers and rivers (Nile, Amazon, Mississippi, Ohio, ...) for the smaller departmental servers. All of these physical servers were local to the downtown, Columbus, Ohio complex and its 2 data centers. However, the new wave of servers being developed were to be located in multiple data centers - many in other states. So Stephen Frazer, the new Systems Administrator and Analyst assigned this task, selected a naming scheme based on clouds (Nimbus, Cumulus, Cirrus, ...). He selected this naming scheme as his network diagrams being drafted in the first weeks of his employment used a "cloud-like" icon for the various projected geo-diverse locations and also because he had spent a decade serving as a co-pilot for his Father's (Lloyd Frazer) commercial flight service literally ... in the clouds [Lloyd Father was a noteworthy aircraft Pilot/Flight Instructor during WWII and flew passengers and cargo for 30+ years thereafter].
In 1994, Frazer, along with the Distributed Systems Team designed, built and began managing the "Cloud Computers" for Nationwide - including the largest HP-9000 in existence - all geo-diverse with real-time sync and fail-over.
Within a few months of being hired, Frazer was also asked to evaluate the new HP-Overview network monitoring system. The system was installed and configured with a great deal of help from HP, however, this early version was undependable. Since many of the Cloud Computers were coming on-line and transitioning into production and they were already processing tens, if not hundreds of millions of dollars of financial flows per day, a dependable, robust monitoring system was essential. The HP-Overview system was put on-hold with an invite to bring it back once stable.
Frazer then designed and created a monitoring system writing over 10,000 lines of code in AWK/bash and std UNIX calls to proactively monitor all of the Mission Critical and Production servers. This included network availability, NFS mounts, disk space, central monitoring for CPU/Memory utilization, swap, network bandwidth, ... and the main purpose of this monitoring tool was to verify financial flows - tens of thousands of monitoring events of interest. In the financial processing world, flow events are sequential and Frazer's scripts verified that each step in every dependency progression was complete before beginning the next (which would create havoc if the previous had not completed properly). This monitoring system created log entries and sent out pro-active telephony pages to the financial support team members and the scripts used the following phrases (typically 2,000-5,000 text pages were sent per day to over 200 Staff and Consultants from a bank of several analog modems):
"xyz file transfer to the cloud complete: datestamp"
"backup of /dsk/xyz to cloud computer xyz complete"
"cloud computer cirrus at 95% in /tmp"
"cloud computer network interface at 80% capacity" (Frazer designed the cloud computers with dedicated LAN and WAN interfaces - some with as many as 16 network ports for the best granularity for security and capacity)
"cloud computing T3 interface at 98%" (this was a common issue and Frazer's code would literally cycle in a time-waster in the form of UNIX sleep commands as packet ACK's in a fully saturated network pipe would sometimes fail within the allotted time window which would potentially result in data transfer errors)
Over the next 2 years (1995-1996), security for cloud computing became an extremely important focus. Frazer certified with 2 IT Security training programs, including firewall design and played a major role on the Nationwide Firewall Design Team. Frazer later served as the Chief Architect of the first in-house International Firewall for AEP (then Fortune 38 in 1999) and the Chief Architect of the first financial transaction system on the open public Internet which eliminated the FDIC and SEC legislative requirements for the use of private telecom circuits (AT&T/Fortune 8 in 2000) and introduced the concept of Cloud Computing into both companies.
In late 1995, Nationwide purchased thousands of desktop computers from Gateway Computer (likely why they had records referencing "Cloud Computing" in 1996). Gateway Staff members were in Nationwide offices for 3 months as part of the sales, purchase and install contract. Frazer met with several of the execs and techs of the company and discussed the geo-diverse monitoring and Cloud Computing systems. These discussions included the fact that Gateway was about to launch a new line of server products to keep up with Dell. In 1995 the Nationwide Distributed Team had embraced the Netscape array of products and were helping to setup the Netscape Client software on the new desktop "Cow Computers" [so nick-named due to the graphics on their shipping boxes] to interface with Nationwide's then latest array of new "Cloud Computers" servers - which were running the Netscape Server Systems. Two of the Gateway servers were later received and tested by Nationwide for the Gateway Server evaluation project, code named "Cows in the Clouds".
Through-out 1994-1996, Frazer and the other Nationwide IPO UNIX Systems Administrators - ultimately 12 Staff, the 4 Network Administrators and 6 Database Administrators were being certified - often in multiple sub-technologies and versions so multiple training sessions with Dec, Sun, IBM, HP, Cisco, Oracle, Sybase and list of other tech savvy companies. Most of these firms' top-level training centers were in their corporate headquarters and when the representatives of a Fortune 100 client appeared, it was common for executive management of these tech firms to visit and welcome the students at some point during the training session. Everyone was interested in this concept of Geo-diverse Cloud Computing and the concepts of load balancing and high availability fail-over were often discussed. The phrases, "Cloud Computing" and "Cloud Computers" became common vocabulary in the industry. When Frazer was training at the DEC Corporate Headquarters in Maynard, MA, in 1995, he took the DEC helicopter flight back to Boston International Airport sitting beside a Training Instructor in DEC's program. Over backseat private channel mics with headsets both laughed about discussing "cloud computing while literally in the clouds". [[User:Stevefrazer|Stevefrazer]] ([[User talk:Stevefrazer|talk]]) 02:03, 20 March 2018 (UTC)
:[[File:Red information icon with gradient background.svg|20px|link=|alt=]] '''Not done:''' please provide [[Wikipedia:Identifying reliable sources|reliable sources]] that support the change you want to be made.<!-- Template:ESp --> That is, please provide [[WP:RS|reliable''secondary'' sources]]. This is a very large amount of text with zero references and we cannot accept your personal testimony. Please also ensure you have read the [[WP:COI|Conflict of Interest policy]]. This is an important policy that you agreed to follow when you created your account, so I would like to make sure you are aware of it. This edit request is the type of request that the policy encourages, so thank you for doing that. We still, however, require the type of sourcing linked above. I hope this helps. [[User:Eggishorn|Eggishorn]] [[User talk:Eggishorn|(talk)]] [[Special:Contributions/Eggishorn|(contrib)]] 15:44, 20 March 2018 (UTC)
== History ==
Pending to add [[Alibaba Cloud]] to history. <!-- Template:Unsigned IP --><small class="autosigned">— Preceding [[Wikipedia:Signatures|unsigned]] comment added by [[Special:Contributions/187.189.102.199|187.189.102.199]] ([[User talk:187.189.102.199#top|talk]]) 23:08, 20 March 2018 (UTC)</small> <!--Autosigned by SineBot-->
== Use of verb “claim” ==
I feel that the use of the phrase “Proponents also claim”, and the use of the verb ‘claim’ therein, could be perceived as a violation of impartial account, discrediting the “claim” that follow’s. Perhaps this should be changed to ‘Proponents also say’? [[User:LiberalPointofView|LiberalPointofView]] ([[User talk:LiberalPointofView|talk]]) 14:50, 9 May 2018 (UTC)
==an information technology (IT) paradigm that enables ubiquitous access to shared pools of configurable system resources and higher-level services that can be rapidly provisioned with minimal management effort==
There must be a jargon-free way of describing the cloud. So many of these words go undefined and not even linked to other WP pages. <!-- Template:Unsigned IP --><small class="autosigned">— Preceding [[Wikipedia:Signatures|unsigned]] comment added by [[Special:Contributions/86.136.229.25|86.136.229.25]] ([[User talk:86.136.229.25#top|talk]]) 09:06, 15 May 2018 (UTC)</small> <!--Autosigned by SineBot-->
== Semi-protected edit request on 17 May 2018 ==
{{edit semi-protected|Cloud computing|answered=yes}}
[[User:Cloudlab306|Cloudlab306]] ([[User talk:Cloudlab306|talk]]) 10:18, 17 May 2018 (UTC)
:[[File:Red question icon with gradient background.svg|20px|link=|alt=]] '''Not done:''' it's not clear what changes you want to be made. Please mention the specific changes in a "change X to Y" format and provide a [[Wikipedia:Identifying reliable sources|reliable source]] if appropriate.<!-- Template:ESp --> <span style="text-shadow:#396 0.2em 0.2em 0.5em; class=texhtml">[[User:L293D|<b style="color:#060">L293D</b>]] ([[User talk:L293D#top|<b style="color:#000">☎</b>]] • [[Special:Contributions/L293D|<b style="color:#000">✎</b>]])</span> 11:55, 17 May 2018 (UTC)
== Semi-protected edit request on 30 May 2018 ==
{{edit semi-protected|Cloud computing|answered=yes}}
The world’s first cloud computing patent was submitted on December 24, 1999 by Hardy F. Schloer<ref>http://bestonlinefilestorage.net/cloud-computing-and-who-invented-it/</ref> and granted by the UK and German patent offices can be found on the European Patent Register<ref>https://register.epo.org/application?number=EP00115147&lng=en&tab=main</ref> and at Google Patents<ref>https://patents.google.com/patent/EP1126674B1/en</ref>.
Schloer termed his system a “one page web” and explains the “method and device for presenting data to a user (in what has become known as “the cloud“). It is complete with:
multiple user applications
Cloud storage
Multiple identification providers
Back-end servers – including plug-in applications
Multiple tiers of servers capable of handling different end-user devices via the internet
Built-in security features
Schloer is the inventor and holder of many Information Technology (IT) related patents. [[User:CitizenHuman|CitizenHuman]] ([[User talk:CitizenHuman|talk]]) 09:11, 30 May 2018 (UTC)
{{reflist-talk}}
:[[File:Red information icon with gradient background.svg|20px|link=|alt=]] '''Not done:''' please provide [[Wikipedia:Identifying reliable sources|reliable sources]] that support the change you want to be made.<!-- Template:ESp --> As an anonymous student project, ref #1 is not a reliable source. Refs #2 and #3 are only primary sources which cannot be analyzed in Wikipedia's voice and need a secondary expert source (book, journal, etc.) doing the analysis. Also, ref #1 does not verify "the first patent" but mentions only "an early implementation". Please note, that ''all parts'' of an edit request should be sourced to published independent sources (usually secondary sources to avoid [[WP:OR|original research]]). [[User:GermanJoe|GermanJoe]] ([[User talk:GermanJoe|talk]]) 10:36, 30 May 2018 (UTC)
== Semi-protected edit request on 11 June 2018 ==
Please change <br />
FROM <br />
Since 2000, cloud computing has come into existence. <br />
TO <br />
Since 2000 cloud computing has come into existence, because in the last days of 1999 a patent was filed for a "one page web" by Hardy Schloer, making it the first known Cloud computing implementation <ref>http://www.krishisanskriti.org/vol_image/04Jul201510072939%20%20%20Shivani%20Jain%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20127-132%20%20%202.pdf</ref>. The patent was put to use in England and Germany<ref>https://patents.justia.com/patent/20030140097</ref> and Mr. Schloer explained the technology as a “method and device for presenting data to a user" consisting of:
* Multiple user applications
* Cloud storage
* Multiple identification providers
* Back-end servers – including plug-in applications
* Multiple tiers of servers capable of handling different end-user devices via the internet
* Built-in security features [[User:CitizenHuman|CitizenHuman]] ([[User talk:CitizenHuman|talk]]) 13:14, 11 June 2018 (UTC)
{{edit semi-protected|Cloud computing|answered=yes}}
In 1999, on December 24, the first known Cloud computing implementation was submitted for patent protection<ref>http://www.krishisanskriti.org/vol_image/04Jul201510072939%20%20%20Shivani%20Jain%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20127-132%20%20%202.pdf</ref> and put to use by Hardy Schloer in England and Germany<ref>https://patents.justia.com/patent/20030140097</ref>. Mr. Schloer termed the system a “one page web” and explains the “method and device for presenting data to a user (in what has become known as “the cloud”). It is complete with:
• Multiple user applications
• Cloud storage
• Multiple identification providers
• Back-end servers – including plug-in applications
• Multiple tiers of servers capable of handling different end-user devices via the internet
• Built-in security features [[User:CitizenHuman|CitizenHuman]] ([[User talk:CitizenHuman|talk]]) 13:14, 11 June 2018 (UTC)
:[[File:Red question icon with gradient background.svg|20px|link=|alt=]] '''Not done:''' it's not clear what changes you want to be made. Please mention the specific changes in a "change X to Y" format and provide a [[Wikipedia:Identifying reliable sources|reliable source]] if appropriate.<!-- Template:ESp --> <span style="text-shadow:#396 0.2em 0.2em 0.5em; class=texhtml">[[User:L293D|<b style="color:#060">L293D</b>]] ([[User talk:L293D#top|<b style="color:#000">☎</b>]] • [[Special:Contributions/L293D|<b style="color:#000">✎</b>]])</span> 13:18, 11 June 2018 (UTC)
{{reflist-talk}}
== Semi-protected edit request on 19 June 2018 ==
I would like to enhance the block Platform as a Service, adding information about one more model of PaaS:
CHANGE FROM:
Generally, public cloud service providers like Amazon Web Services (AWS), Oracle, Microsoft and Google own and operate the infrastructure at their data center and access is generally via the Internet. AWS, Oracle, Microsoft, and Google also offer direct connect services called "AWS Direct Connect", "Oracle FastConnect", "Azure ExpressRoute", and "Cloud Interconnect" respectively, such connections require customers to purchase or lease a private connection to a peering point offered by the cloud provider.[40][87]
TO:
Generally, public cloud service providers like Amazon Web Services (AWS), Oracle, Microsoft and Google own and operate the infrastructure at their data center and access is generally via the Internet. AWS, Oracle, Microsoft, and Google also offer direct connect services called "AWS Direct Connect", "Oracle FastConnect", "Azure ExpressRoute", and "Cloud Interconnect" respectively, such connections require customers to purchase or lease a private connection to a peering point offered by the cloud provider. One more model is when PaaS provides its services via hosting partners and their local data centers, like Jelastic PaaS
<ref>https://www.idc.com/getdoc.jsp?containerId=US40613015</ref>
[[User:Mariia Hepalova|Mariia Hepalova]] ([[User talk:Mariia Hepalova|talk]]) 13:51, 19 June 2018 (UTC)
{{reflist-talk}}
== Virtual Data Center ==
A virtual data center is a pool or collection of cloud infrastructure resources specifically designed for enterprise business needs. The basic resources are the processor (CPU), memory (RAM), storage (disk space) and networking (bandwidth). <!-- Template:Unsigned --><small class="autosigned">— Preceding [[Wikipedia:Signatures|unsigned]] comment added by [[User:Spirit10000|Spirit10000]] ([[User talk:Spirit10000#top|talk]] • [[Special:Contributions/Spirit10000|contribs]]) 10:41, 19 July 2018 (UTC)</small> <!--Autosigned by SineBot-->
== Semi-protected edit request on 5 October 2018 ==
{{edit semi-protected|Cloud computing|answered=yes}}
This Page is supposed to be about Cloud Computing and not Amazon Cloud (EC2). Cloud Computing has been around since the 90s and Private Clouds have been built since mid 2000s
Even now we have different Cloud models, Private Cloud, Public Cloud (Amazon, Azure and GCP) and Hybrid Cloud.
Please remove references to Amazon EC2 with generic cloud computing concepts. This incorrectly equates Amazon EC2 as Cloud while excluding private cloud and other cloud computing concepts.
P.S. Amazon EC2 although being the most mature public cloud implementation out of GCP, Azure and AWS. is still immature and years behind private cloud or an enterprise capabilities. [[User:Xarcity|Xarcity]] ([[User talk:Xarcity|talk]]) 00:02, 6 October 2018 (UTC)
:[[File:Yellow check.svg|20px|link=|alt=]] '''Partly done:'''<!-- Template:ESp --> You will have to be more specific and include specific sources for more complicated changes, but I have adjusted the lede per your suggestion. The lede is a summary of the body, but the body doesn't seem like it emphasizes Amazon or EC2 as fundamentally and historically important enough that it needs to be highlighted in this way. The first mention of Amazon in the body is cited to a press release, which suggests [[WP:OR]]. None of the three sources in the lede, from my assessment, emphasize Amazon in this way either. [[User:Grayfell|Grayfell]] ([[User talk:Grayfell|talk]]) 04:13, 6 October 2018 (UTC)
== First usage of the concept ==
I have reverted the addition of an alleged first introduction of this concept by Hardy F. Schloer. True or not, this is a strong extraordinary claim and needs sourcing by an acknowledged expert in a reliable mainstream publication who thoroughly analyzes this claim in context. Primary sources like patents are insufficient for such a strong claim, as are student projects or mere conference papers with a passing mention that have been published on a NGO website and republished in a minor journal (that is apparently connected to the NGO and focusses on mere republications of such conference papers). The authors' expertise and academic credentials in the mentioned ''school'' are also unclear - again such a strong claim should be made by an acknowledged reputed expert. Wikipedia is no venue to popularize new ideas and theories from research scholars and students with insufficient coverage in academic expert sources. [[User:GermanJoe|GermanJoe]] ([[User talk:GermanJoe|talk]]) 12:47, 28 October 2018 (UTC)
: I agree; this clearly shouldn't be in the article. [[User:power~enwiki|power~enwiki]] ([[User talk:Power~enwiki|<span style="color:#FA0;font-family:courier">π</span>]], [[Special:Contributions/Power~enwiki|<span style="font-family:courier">ν</span>]]) 16:38, 28 October 2018 (UTC)
== Semi-protected edit request on 24 January 2019 ==
{{edit semi-protected|Cloud computing|answered=yes}}
This includes data caps, which are placed on cloud users by the cloud vendor allocating certain amount of bandwidth for each customer and are often shared among other cloud users.[120] <ref>{{ cite journal | author = VICENTINI, CLEVERTON ; SANTIN, ALTAIR ; VIEGAS, EDUARDO ; ABREU, VILMAR| title = A Machine Learning Auditing Model for Detection of Multi-Tenancy Issues Within Tenant Domain | journal = 18th IEEE/ACM International Symposium on Cluster, Cloud and Grid Computing (CCGRID) |date= 2018 | pages=543-552 | publisher=IEEE Press | url = https://secplab.ppgia.pucpr.br/files/papers/2018-1.pdf | format=PDF | doi=10.1109/CCGRID.2018.00081}}</ref>
:[[File:Red question icon with gradient background.svg|20px|link=|alt=]] '''Not done:''' it's not clear what changes you want to be made. Please mention the specific changes in a "change X to Y" format and provide a [[Wikipedia:Identifying reliable sources|reliable source]] if appropriate.<!-- Template:ESp --> '''''<span style="background:#4169E1;padding:2px; border-radius:7px"><span class="nowrap">[[User:Alucard 16|<span style="color:#fff">'''Alucard 16'''</span>]][[User talk:Alucard 16|<span style="color:#CCFF00"><sub>❯❯❯ chat?</sub></span>]]</span></span>''''' 15:25, 24 January 2019 (UTC)
::Note that this may be a [[WP:SELFCITE]]. It may be acceptable, but it should be checked for conflict of interest. – [[User:Jonesey95|Jonesey95]] ([[User talk:Jonesey95|talk]]) 15:26, 24 January 2019 (UTC)
{{reflist-talk}}
== Clarity and neutrality ==
[[User:Daveburstein|Daveburstein]] ([[User talk:Daveburstein|talk]]) 23:17, 10 February 2019 (UTC) I rewrote the first few paragraphs to make them more understandable to a non-technical user. I also removed or reworked what I considered non-neutral. It would be good to do similar for the whole article. Dave
== Semi-protected edit request on 27 February 2019 ==
{{edit semi-protected|Cloud computing|answered=yes}}
[[Special:Contributions/117.211.131.5|117.211.131.5]] ([[User talk:117.211.131.5|talk]]) 06:24, 27 February 2019 (UTC)
:[[File:Red information icon with gradient background.svg|20px|link=|alt=]] '''Not done:'''<!-- Template:ESp --> blank edit request. [[User:Roadguy2|Roadguy2]] ([[User talk:Roadguy2|talk]]) 13:24, 27 February 2019 (UTC)
== Edit History ==
Hello,
I am requesting to update the history section and add a paragraph about the BSCW system being the first system that you would call "cloud" today. It was developed by the Fraunhofer Institute for Applied Information Technology and published in 1995. There is a article about it on their page that can be found at https://www.fit.fraunhofer.de/en/fb/cscw/projects/bscw_20-Jahre.html.
It is also included at the german Cloud Computing Wikipedia page. I think it would be a good addition to the page. <!-- Template:Unsigned --><small class="autosigned">— Preceding [[Wikipedia:Signatures|unsigned]] comment added by [[User:OrbiTeam|OrbiTeam]] ([[User talk:OrbiTeam#top|talk]] • [[Special:Contributions/OrbiTeam|contribs]]) 09:56, 23 July 2020 (UTC)</small> <!--Autosigned by SineBot-->
== Characteristics ==
Hello,
the chapter "Characteristics" is in my opinion too single sided in favour of cloud providers.
There's no real con argument. Some examples: latency is in case of cloud computing higher than for "local" processing. Billing is unreproducible for the user as you have to trust your cloud provider that it does it correctly. Cloud servers are usually overcommitted meaning that worst case the cloud provider can't give your application more capacity as there's none. (DDoS-) Attacks on cloud providers threaten cloud users businesses as the "internal" team of cloud users can't do anything when they depend on a connection to the cloud provider.
--[[User:Leuchuk|Leuchuk]] ([[User talk:Leuchuk|talk]]) 07:52, 22 September 2020 (UTC)
:{{ping|Leuchuk}} - Good point. It ''is'' rather one-sided. There are some of the negatives discussed in the [[Cloud_computing#Limitations_and_disadvantages|Limitations and disadvantages]] section, but they are not covered in any depth. If someone did have the time to find some reliable sources and add some critique of cloud computing, that could be a useful contribution to the article. (I don't see having the time myself, but maybe I will sometime in the future if no one else does it first.) - [[User:Dyork|Dyork]] ([[User talk:Dyork|talk]]) 16:18, 22 September 2020 (UTC)
== History: Removal of the previous mention to "NASA's OpenNebula" for lack of references, repaced by Nebula ==
Hello,
OpenNebula was listed as NASA's project, which seems to be wrong: the linked page, [[OpenNebula]], had nothing to do with NASA, but with a Spanish university spinoff ([[OpenNebula Systems]]).
There's no evidence of NASA having anything to do with OpenNebula, and there are no references to OpenNebula in the reference paper, "The RESERVOIR Model and Architecture for Open Federated Cloud Computing", which is publicly available at https://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.330.3880&rep=rep1&type=pdf
Indeed, the right reference seems to be Nebula: https://www.nasa.gov/open/nebula.html <!-- Template:Unsigned --><small class="autosigned">— Preceding [[Wikipedia:Signatures|unsigned]] comment added by [[User:Covelus|Covelus]] ([[User talk:Covelus#top|talk]] • [[Special:Contributions/Covelus|contribs]]) 17:29, 15 November 2020 (UTC)</small>
== Assessment ==
There has been some discussion about this article's quality assessment at [[Wikipedia:WikiProject_Computing/Assessment#Assessment_requests]]. The article is currently rated B-class. I don't think it has quite earned that yet. ~[[User:Kvng|Kvng]] ([[User talk:Kvng|talk]]) 15:03, 29 November 2020 (UTC)
== recent edits ==
[[User:Kms89|Kms89]] ([[User talk:Kms89|talk]]) 03:39, 26 February 2021 (UTC)I have made changes to the term cloud computing. I've gone into more detail about the benefits of cloud computing. I also went into more depth about the different types of cloud computing. I added the "Country Ranking in Cloud Computing" section. This section discusses BSA's country rankings in cloud computing growth capabilities. <!-- Template:Unsigned --><span class="autosigned" style="font-size:85%;">— Preceding [[Wikipedia:Signatures|unsigned]] comment added by [[User:Kms89|Kms89]] ([[User talk:Kms89#top|talk]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kms89|contribs]]) </span>
:You've been overwriting the lead section with an extremely close paraphrase of the IBM source. (See [[Wikipedia:Close paraphrasing]]) That is not an improvement. - [[User:MrOllie|MrOllie]] ([[User talk:MrOllie|talk]]) 03:50, 26 February 2021 (UTC)
== cloud computing update ==
[[User:Kms89|Kms89]] ([[User talk:Kms89|talk]]) 17:02, 26 February 2021 (UTC)Kms89 I have made changes to the term cloud computing. I've gone into more detail about the benefits of cloud computing. I also went into more depth about the different types of cloud computing.
: {{reply|Kms89}} I've reverted these changes for several reasons:
:* your changes were unsourced (i.e. there is no [[WP:RS|reliable source]] to indicate that your definition or list of benefits are widely accepted)
:* your [[WP:TONE|tone]] was too informal.
: -- [[User:WikiDan61|<span style="color: green;">WikiDan61</span>]]<sup>[[User talk:WikiDan61|ChatMe!]]</sup><sub>[[Special:Contributions/WikiDan61|ReadMe!!]]</sub> 17:14, 26 February 2021 (UTC)
== cloud computing update ==
[[User:Kms89|Kms89]] ([[User talk:Kms89|talk]]) 17:20, 26 February 2021 (UTC)Kms89 Added more detail about cloud computing benefits, different types of cloud computing, and added country ranking in cloud computing growth.
: Your second set of changes was not significantly different from your first. Before trying to introduced these changes again, please discuss the matter here. [[User:WikiDan61|<span style="color: green;">WikiDan61</span>]]<sup>[[User talk:WikiDan61|ChatMe!]]</sup><sub>[[Special:Contributions/WikiDan61|ReadMe!!]]</sub> 12:47, 1 March 2021 (UTC)
== Crap article ==
I cannot read this crap because it disgusts my senses. [[Special:Contributions/62.165.157.33|62.165.157.33]] ([[User talk:62.165.157.33|talk]]) 06:04, 19 November 2021 (UTC)
== Ungrammatical and Uninterpretable Language, Incoherent Scope/Purpose, Full of Misinformation ==
Just as an example:
“By 2019, Linux was the most widely used operating system, including in Microsoft's offerings and is thus described as dominant.”
What does this even mean? Most widely used in what sense (there’s no context to clarify)? What does it mean for it to be described as dominant, and why does that matter (“described as xyz” especially when xyz is subjective, shouldn’t be used in a Wikipedia article unless describing a specific person’s option, identified as such).
I’m sure this article is full of this kind of thing; I mean, the fact that most cloud computing would have to be Linux-based by default and pretty much always has been is either obvious to the reader or requires a more detailed explanation, depending on their level of technological literacy. I can’t do so due to a currently hectic schedule but this article needs a major overhaul at least and probably a complete rewrite – not just because of quality issues, but also because it’s an increasingly mainstream topic that isn’t well understood by the average person and it should therefore be a high priority for Wikipedia to have a clear, accurate, accessible, and fully sourced article on the topic.
[[User:Andyharbor|Andyharbor]] ([[User talk:Andyharbor|talk]]) 21:07, 20 April 2021 (UTC)
:Stated above, "the fact that most cloud computing would have to be Linux-based by default and pretty much always has been is either obvious to the reader or requires a more detailed explanation, depending on their level of technological literacy." Setting aside for the moment your valid "huh?" about dominance &c, pretty much any statement about Linux would be unobvious to the vast majority of Wikipedia readers. I do agree that the article is filled with jargon and [''insert your post title here''], and does not present cloud computing in a way that even an above-average person can understand. I am working on a project that involves cloud computing and when I finish it, I may try to at least clean up some of the language a bit. [[User:Denisecaruso|Denisecaruso]] ([[User talk:Denisecaruso|talk]]) 06:12, 14 December 2022 (UTC)
== Clearing up clutter in lead ==
I think the lead should just contain a definition of what cloud computing is, and maybe one or two facts related to that definition. I have decided to remove the following section because I think that '''a)''' it clutters up the lead far too much '''b)''' a lot of the facts presented would fit better in other sections, such as History.
{{quote|text=The availability of high-capacity networks, low-cost computers and storage devices as well as the widespread adoption of [[hardware virtualization]], [[service-oriented architecture]] and [[autonomic computing|autonomic]] and [[utility computing]] has led to growth in cloud computing.<ref>{{Cite news|date=2009-10-15|title=Cloud Computing: Clash of the clouds|work=The Economist|url=http://www.economist.com/displaystory.cfm?story_id=14637206|access-date=2009-11-03}}</ref><ref name="gartner">{{cite web|title=Gartner Says Cloud Computing Will Be As Influential As E-business|url=http://www.gartner.com/it/page.jsp?id=707508|access-date=2010-08-22|publisher=Gartner}}</ref><ref name="really">{{cite web|last=Gruman|first=Galen|date=2008-04-07|title=What cloud computing really means|url=http://www.infoworld.com/d/cloud-computing/what-cloud-computing-really-means-031|access-date=2009-06-02|work=[[InfoWorld]]}}</ref> As of 2017, 90% of the public cloud runs a [[Linux distribution|Linux]]-based operating system.<ref name="Linux on Azure" /> Clouds may be limited to a single [[organization]] (enterprise or private clouds<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Wang|s2cid=8251298|title=Enterprise cloud service architectures|journal=Information Technology and Management|volume=13|issue=4|pages=445–454|doi=10.1007/s10799-012-0139-4|year=2012}}</ref><ref name="aws.amazon">{{cite web|date=2013-03-19|title=What is Cloud Computing?|url=https://aws.amazon.com/what-is-cloud-computing/|access-date=2013-03-20|work=Amazon Web Services}}</ref>), or be available to multiple organizations (public cloud).}} [[User:Lankyliver|<span style="border:2px solid black;background-color: #ff7583">Lankyliver🧠</span>]] ([[User_talk:Lankyliver|talk]] / [[Special:Contributions/Lankyliver|contribs]]) 01:27, 11 August 2021 (UTC)
:{{re|Lankyliver}} the lead is now one short paragraph. How do you come by the assessment that a two-paragraph lead is cluttered? That content can certaily be moved to history but it is also acceptable to include a summary of it in the lead. ~[[User:Kvng|Kvng]] ([[User talk:Kvng|talk]]) 14:41, 15 August 2021 (UTC)
:Deleting that paragraph threw out most of the baby with the bathwater, even if the baby was kind of covered in spit-up.
:The first three items in the first sentence, i.e., big fast networks, cheap computers and cheap storage, did not "lead to growth in cloud computing"; cloud computing could not have come to be without them. Nor was it the "widespread adoption" of hardware virtualization et al. that "led to growth ..." That may eventually have been true, but those technologies -- which enabled and were/are the primary characteristics of cloud computing -- had to be developed first. First we develop, then we adopt, then we grow.
:If it were written well, this information would provide a context and framework for the rest of what the article should cover.
:I agree wholeheartedly that the last two sentences should not be in the introductory paragraph, for so many reasons that I will not list them here. Thank you for removing them! [[User:Denisecaruso|Denisecaruso]] ([[User talk:Denisecaruso|talk]]) 06:59, 14 December 2022 (UTC)
{{reflist-talk}}
==Wiki Education assignment: English Composition 1102==
{{dashboard.wikiedu.org assignment | course = Wikipedia:Wiki_Ed/College_of_DuPage/English_Composition_1102_(Spring) | assignments = [[User:InviseUser123|InviseUser123]] | start_date = 2024-01-23 | end_date = 2024-05-17 }}
<span class="wikied-assignment" style="font-size:85%;">— Assignment last updated by [[User:DiceyDomino|DiceyDomino]] ([[User talk:DiceyDomino|talk]]) 05:06, 4 April 2024 (UTC)</span>
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