</noinclude>The '''graphics apertureaddress remapping table''' ('''GART'''),<ref>[{{Cite book|url=http://supportesd.amdcs.comucr.edu/techdocswebres/25112agp20.pdf|title=Accelerated SoftwareGraphics OptimizationPort GuideInterface forSpecification: AMD64Revision Processors]2.0|date=4 May 1998|pages=24}}</ref> oralso known as the '''AGP-GARTgraphics aperture remapping table''',<ref>{{Cite whenbook|url=http://www.playtool.com/pages/agpcompat/agp30.pdf|title=AGP usedV3.0 withInterface [[AcceleratedSpecification|date=September Graphics2002|pages=116}}</ref> Port]], sometimes known as theor '''graphics translation table''' ('''GTT'''),<ref>{{cite web|author=freedesktop.org|url=http://dri.freedesktop.org/wiki/GART|title=GART|accessdate=2010-03-05}}</ref>, and often misintepreted as '''graphics address remapping table''' is an [[IOMMU|I/O memory management unit]] (IOMMU) allowingused theby graphics[[Accelerated cardGraphics toPort]] perform(AGP) aand [[directPCI memory accessExpress]] (DMAPCIe) to[[graphics the host system memorycard]]s. IntroducedThe byGART AMDallows forthe mappinggraphics of 32-bit AGPcard [[graphicsdirect cardmemory access]]saccesses(DMA) to the 64-bithost system memory, through spacewhich buffers of the [[AMD64texture mapping|textures]], processors<ref>[https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/60f1/35af3eb5253394f4ff944062a1b9e6a0c564.pdf[polygon Utilizingmesh]]es IOMMUsand forother Virtualizationdata inare Linuxloaded. and Xen[[AMD]]</ref>, it was later reused the same mechanism for [[PCII/O Expressvirtualization]] (PCIe)with asother wellperipherals as forincluding [[disk controllerscontroller]]s and [[network adaptersadapter]]s.<ref>[https://support.amd.com/TechDocs/48882_IOMMU.pdf AMD I/O Virtualization Technology (IOMMU) Specification, 32-bit to 64-bit Legacy I/O Device Mapping]</ref>.
A GART is used as a means of data transferexchange between the [[primary storage|main memory]] and [[video memory]] through which buffers (i.e. paging/swapping) of [[texture mapping|textures]], [[polygon mesh]]es and other data are loaded, but can also be used to expand the amount of video memory available for graphicssystems cards,with particularlyonly forintegrated cardsor withshared graphics (i.e. no dedicateddiscrete videoor memoryinbuilt graphics processor), such as [[Intel HD Graphics]] processors. However, this type of memory (expansion) remapping has a caveat that affects the entire system: specifically, any GART, pre-allocated memory becomes pooled and cannot be utilised for any other purposes but graphics memory and display rendering.
