Trams in Dnipro: Difference between revisions

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{{Infobox tram network

Dnipro tram is the system of electric [[tram]]s including 13 tram routes within the city of [[Dnipro (city)|Dnipro]].

|locale=[[Dnipro]], Ukraine

[[File:Tram-ua-dnipropetrovsk.jpg|thumb|Dnipro Tram Map]]

|open=1897

|lines=14

|gauge=[[5 ft and 1520 mm gauge railways|1524 mm]]

|depot=2 (+1 technical)

|stock=[[Tatra T3]], Tatra T3D, [[Tatra T4|Tatra T4D]], [[Tatra T6B5]], KTM-5, KTM-8

|map = [[File:Tram-ua-dnipropetrovsk.jpg|250px]]

|map_state = uncollapsed

|image= Tram in Dnipro.jpg

}}

'''Dnipro tram''' is a system of electric [[tram]]s including 14 tram routes (with 163 stops) within the city of [[Dnipro]].<ref name="Railway GazetteInternationalDnipro">{{in lang|en}} [https://www.railwaygazette.com/knowledge-hub/dnipro-tramway/51638.article Dnipro Tramway], [[Railway Gazette International]]</ref> It has been operating since 1897.<ref name="Railway GazetteInternationalDnipro"/>

== General Information ==

'''Country:''' [[Ukraine]]

== History ==

'''City:''' Dnipro

[[File:Екатеринослав. Екатеринославский проспект. 170.jpg|left|thumb|Early 20th century. The Belgian tram in Catherine the Great ave.]]

[[Image:Dnepropetrovsk 9766s.JPG |left|thumb|Queuing for a tram in Central Dnipropetrovsk. December 2005]]

The Yekaterinoslav tram was opened on 27 June 1897 (according to the modern [[Gregorian calendar]] and 14 June according to the [[Julian calendar]]).<ref name="2365249dnipriretro"/> At the time of opening, it was the third tram system operating in the [[Russian Empire]] (its predecessors were the [[Kyiv Tram]] and [[Trams in Nizhny Novgorod|Nizhny Novgorod Tram]]).<ref name="2365249dnipriretro">{{in lang|uk}} [https://www.ukrinform.ua/rubric-tourism/2365249-u-dnipri-vidkrili-pamatnij-znak-retro-tramvaj.html Memorial sign "Retro tram" opened in Dnipro], [[Ukrinform]] (15 December 2017)</ref> The construction and operation were provided by the Belgian company ''Tramways électriques d'Ekaterinoslaw''. By the end of 1897, two million people had been transported.<ref name="2365249dnipriretro"/> The initial tram system was based on a {{Track gauge|1000mm|lk=|allk=on}} and included 3<ref name="2365249dnipriretro"/> tram lines starting from Catherine the Great Avenue (modern name is Dmytro Yavornytskyi Avenue). The routes were:<ref name="2365249dnipriretro"/>

'''Opened:''' 1897

* Steamboat hithe – Proviant str. (Paster Street) – Catherine the Great ave. (Dmytro Yavornytskyi ave.);

* Jordan str (Kotsyubynskyi str.) – Karaimska str (Shyrshov str);

* Catherine the Great ave. (Dmytro Yavornytskyi ave.) – Alexander str (Sichovykh striltsiv str) – Big Market str.

On 21 April 1906, an alternative tram network was opened in Yekaterinoslav.<ref name="1000rozvitoksamovriaduvannia">{{in lang|uk}} [https://oblrada.dp.gov.ua/region/istoria-rozvitok-samovriaduvannia/ HISTORY AND DEVELOPMENT OF LOCAL SELF-GOVERNMENT], [[Dnipropetrovsk Oblast Council]]</ref> It was also based on {{Track gauge|1000mm|lk=|allk=on}}. In 1918, the operating companies merged, as well as the tram networks. In 1931, the tram depot included 177 trams, and the network length reached {{Cvt|65|km}}. On 6 November 1932, the tracks were converted from narrow gauge to Russian gauge. The conversion was completed by 1948.

In the years between 1970 and 1990, the rolling stock was changed for cars from [[ČKD]] Tatra. Later, the tramcars were also produced on the premises of Pivdenmash. By 1996, the rolling stock included about 400 trams, and the overall ridership was 115 million passengers per year. By that time 19 tram lines existed.

'''Number of lines:''' 13

== Rolling stock ==

'''Electric supply:''' Overhead wire

As of 1 January 2014, the rolling stock consists of 33 maintenance carriages and 275 passenger carriages including types 71-605 – 9 carriages, 71-608K – 5, 71-608&nbsp;km – 23, Tatra T3D – 26, Tatra T3SU – 122, Tatra T6B5 – 12, Tatra T4D – 48, Tatra T6A2M – 30.

In August 2021, the [[Dnipropetrovsk Regional State Administration]] announced a tender in the [[Prozorro]] system for the purchase of three-section [[low-floor tram]]s for the cities of Dnipro and [[Kryvyi Rih]].<ref>{{in lang|uk}} [https://uprom.info/news/ogolosheno-tender-na-zakupivlyu-novyh-tramvayiv-dlya-dnipra-i-kryvogo-rogu/ A tender has been announced for the purchase of new trams for Dnipro and Kryvyi Rih], {{ill|National industrial portal|uk|Національний промисловий портал}} (30 August 2021)</ref>

'''Overhead wire voltage:''' 550 V

'''Track gauge width:''' [[5 ft and 1520 mm gauge railways|1524&nbsp;mm]]

'''Number of depots:''' 2 (+1 technical)

'''Number of carriages:''' 275 passenger carriages and 33 maintenance carriages

'''Carriage models:''' [[Tatra T3]], Tatra T3D, [[Tatra T4|Tatra T4D]], [[Tatra T6B5]], KTM-5, KTM-8

== History ==

[[File:Екатеринослав. Екатеринославский проспект. 170.jpg|thumb|Early 20th century. The Belgian tram in Catherine the Great ave.]]

The Ekaterinoslaw tram was opened on June 26, 1897. This is the third oldest tram system within the Russian Empire. The construction and operation was povided by the Belgian company ′Tramways électriques d'Ekaterinoslaw.′ The initial tram system was based on [[metre gauge|1000&nbsp;mm gauge]] and included 3 tram lines starting from the Catherine the Great Avenue (modern name is Dmytro Yavornytskyi Avenue). The routes were:

* Steamboat hithe – Proviant str. (Paster Street) – Catherine the Great ave. (Dmytro Yavornytskyi ave.);

* Jordan str (Kotsyubynskyi str.) – Karaimska str (Shyrshov str);

* Catherine the Great ave. (Dmytro Yavornytskyi ave.) – Alexander str (Sichovykh striltsiv str) – Big Market str.

On April 21, 1906, an alternative tram network was opened in Ekaterinoslaw. It was also based on 1000&nbsp;mm railway gauge. In 1918 the operating companies merged, as well as the tram networks. In year 1931 the tram depot included 177 trams, and the network length reached 65&nbsp;km. On Novemer 6th 1932 the tracks were converted from narrow gauge to Russian gauge. The conversion was completed by year 1948.

Late August 2021 Ukraine and Switzerland signed a memorandum of understanding, according to whom Dnipro would receive 15 new [[Stadler Rail]] rolling stock.<ref name="StadlerUkraine769743">{{in lang|en}} [https://en.interfax.com.ua/news/investments/769743.html Swiss-based Stadler to build two factories in Kharkiv - acting mayor], [[Interfax-Ukraine]] (24 September 2021)</ref> In 2019 Dnipro's rolling stock was expanded with 20 used [[Tatra T4#T4D|Tatra T4D]] [[Trams in Leipzig|trams from]] [[Leipzig]], [[Germany]].<ref>{{in lang|uk}} [https://uprom.info/news/other/infrastruktura/tramvaynyi-park-dnipra-popovnyat-vagony-z-nimeccyny/ Dnipro tram fleet will be replenished with cars from Germany], {{ill|National industrial portal|uk|Національний промисловий портал}} (2 October 2021)</ref><ref>{{in lang|uk}} [https://uprom.info/news/do-dnipra-z-lejpczygu-prybuly-vsi-kupleni-tramvayi-foto/ All purchased trams arrived in Dnipro from Leipzig (photo)], {{ill|National industrial portal|uk|Національний промисловий портал}} (17 August 2019)</ref>

In the years between 1970 and 1990 the rolling stock was changed for cars from [[ČKD]] Tatra. Later, the tramcars were also produced on premises of Pivdenmash. By 1996 the rolling stock included about 400 trams, the overall ridership was 115 million passenger per year. By that time 19 tram lines existed.

=== Current ===

{| class="wikitable sortable"

|-

! Picture

! Manufacturer

! Model

! Quantity

! Since

|-

|

|{{flagicon|RUS}} [[Ust-Katav Wagon-Building Plant|UKVZ]]

|[[KTM-5|71-605]]

|232

|1975

|-

|[[File:Tatra T3SU in Dnipro.jpg|center|200px]]

|{{flagicon|CZE}} [[ČKD|ČKD Tatra]]

|[[Tatra T3|T3SU]] (3 doors)<br>[[Tatra T3|T3DC]]<br>[[Tatra T4|T4D-MT]]<br>[[Tatra T4|T4D-M1]]

|212<br>14<br>29<br>75

|1976<br>2003<br>2011<br>2019

|-

|[[File:KTM-8 in Dnepropetrovsk vokzal.jpg|center|200px]]

|{{flagicon|RUS}} [[Ust-Katav Wagon-Building Plant|UKVZ]]

|[[KTM-8|71-608K]]<br>[[KTM-8|71-608KM]]

|7<br>24

|1991<br>1995

|-

|[[File:Tatra T6B5, Dnipro, Ukraine; 19.07.19.jpg|center|200px]]

|{{flagicon|CZE}} [[ČKD|ČKD Tatra]]<br>{{flagicon|UKR}} [[Tatra-Yug]]

|[[Tatra T6B5|T6B5]]

|12

|1995

|-

|[[File:Tatra T6A2. Dnipro, Ukraine; 27.5.19.jpg|center|200px]]

|{{flagicon|CZE}} [[ČKD|ČKD Tatra]]

|[[Tatra T6A2|T6A2M]]

|30

|2013

|-

|

|{{flagicon|CZE}} [[ČKD|ČKD Tatra]]

|[[Tatra T6A5|T6A5]]

|1

|2023

|}

=== Historical ===

{| class="wikitable sortable"

|-

! Picture

! Manufacturer

! Model

! Quantity

! Years

|-

|[[File:Першому трамваю міста Катеринослава.jpg|center|200px]]

|{{flagicon|DEU}} [[MAN SE|MAN]]

|

|54

|1896–1932

|-

|[[File:Екатеринослав. Екатеринославский проспект. 170.jpg|center|200px]]

|{{flagicon|HUN}} [[Ganz Works|Ganz]]

|

|12

|1905–1932

|-

|

||{{flagicon|DEU}} [[MAN SE|MAN]]

|

|33

|1906–1932

|-

|

|{{flagicon|RUS}} [[Mytishchi Machine-Building Plant|MMZ]]

|

|14

|1910–1932

|-

|[[File:Ukraine, Dnipropetrovsk Fortepan 78379.jpg|center|200px]]

|{{flagicon|RUS}} [[Ust-Katav Wagon-Building Plant|UKVZ]]<br>{{flagicon|UKR}} [[Mykolaiv Shipyard|MSZ]]<br>{{flagicon|RUS}} [[Mytishchi Machine-Building Plant|MMZ]]<br>{{flagicon|UKR}} KZET

|[[Kh (tramcar)|Kh]]<br>[[Kh (tramcar)|2M]]

|99<br>22

|1926–1968

|-

|

|{{flagicon|RUS}} [[Ust-Katav Wagon-Building Plant|UKVZ]]

|[[KTM/KTP-1|KTM-1]]

|60

|1949–1971

|-

|

|{{flagicon|LAT}} [[Rīgas Vagonbūves Rūpnīca|RVR]]<br>{{flagicon|UKR}} KZET

|[[MTV-82]]<br>[[MTV-82|KTV-59]]

|27<br>1

|1953–1979<br>1962–1970

|-

|

|{{flagicon|DEU}} [[Gothaer Waggonfabrik|Gotha]]

|T57<br>T2

|15<br>11

|1959–1970<br>1962–1970

|-

|

|{{flagicon|CZE}} [[ČKD|ČKD Tatra]]

|[[Tatra T2|T2SU]]

|1

|1961–1964

|-

|

|{{flagicon|RUS}} [[Ust-Katav Wagon-Building Plant|UKVZ]]

|KTM-2

|143

|1963–1985

|-

|

|{{flagicon|CZE}} [[ČKD|ČKD Tatra]]

|[[Tatra T3|T3SU]] (2 doors)

|226

|1968–2014

|-

|

|{{flagicon|RUS}} [[Ust-Katav Wagon-Building Plant|UKVZ]]

|[[KTM-5|KTM-5M Ural]]

|20

|1970–1985

|}

== Rolling Stock References==

{{Reflist}}

As on January 1, 2014, the rolling stock consists of 33 maintenance carriages and 275 passenger carriages including types 71-605 – 9 carriages, 71-608K – 5, 71-608KM – 23, Tatra T3D – 26, Tatra T3SU – 122, Tatra T6B5 – 12, Tatra T4D – 48, Tatra T6A2M – 30.

==External links==

{{commons category-inline|Tram transport in Dnipro|'''Tram transport in Dnipro'''}}

{{Urban public transport networks and systems in Ukraine}}

[[Category:Tram transport in Ukraine]]

[[Category:TransportRail transport in DnipropetrovskDnipro]]

[[Category:Town tramway systems by city|Dnipro]]