Kalamazoo-class monitor: Difference between revisions

Revision as of 19:25, 5 January 2013

Latest revision as of 03:23, 16 April 2025

(24 intermediate revisions by 19 users not shown)

Line 1:

{{Short description|United States Navy's Kalamazoo-class monitors}}

{|{{Infobox Ship Begin}}

{|{{Infobox Shipship Imagebegin}}

{|{{Infobox Shipship Begin}}image

|Ship image=[[File:USS Kalamazoo at sea.jpg|300px]]

|Ship caption=Engraving of ''Kalamazoo''

}}

{{Infobox Shipship Classclass Overviewoverview

|Name=''Kalamazoo''- class

|Builders=

|Operators={{navynaval|USAUnited States}}

|Class before={{sclass|Miantonomoh|monitor|4}}

|Class after={{USS|Puritan|BM-1|6}}

|Built range=1863–65

|Total ships planned=4

Line 15 ⟶ 16:

|Total ships scrapped=4

}}

{{Infobox Shipship Characteristicscharacteristics

|Hide header=

|Header caption=

Line 24 ⟶ 25:

|Ship beam={{convert|56|ft|8|in|m|1|abbr=on}}

|Ship draft={{convert|17|ft|6|in|m|1|abbr=on}}

|Ship power=*{{convert|2000|ihp|lk=in|abbr=on}} (estimated)<br/>
*8 × Tubular [[boiler (steam generator)|boilers]]

|Ship propulsion=*2 × Shafts<br/>
*2 × [[Marine_steam_engineMarine steam engine#Direct acting|Direct-acting steam engines]]

|Ship speed={{convert|10|kn|lk=in}}

|Ship range=

|Ship complement=

|Ship armament=2 × 2 - {{convert|15|in|mm|adj=on|0}} [[smoothbore]] [[Dahlgren gun]]s

|Ship armor=*[[Gun turret]]: {{convert|10|-15 in|? (254-381 mm|abbr=on|0}}<br />)
*Hull: {{convert|6|in|mm|abbr=on|0}}<br />
*[[Deck (ship)|Deck]]: {{convert|3|in|mm|abbr=on}}

|Ship notes=

}}

Line 45 ⟶ 50:

They were powered by two 2-cylinder horizontal [[Marine steam engine#Direct acting|direct-acting steam engines]], each driving one {{convert|15|ft|m|1|adj=on}} propellers, using steam generated by eight tubular [[boiler (steam generator)|boilers]].<ref name=c5/>{{#tag:ref|Chesneau & Kolesnik claim that these were [[Martin boiler]]s.<ref name=ck2>Chesneau & Kolesnik, p. 122</ref>|group=Note}} The engines were rated at {{convert|2000|ihp|lk=in}} and designed to reach a top speed of {{convert|10|kn|lk=in}}.<ref name=ck2/> They had a [[bore (engine)|bore]] of {{convert|46.5|in|mm|0}} and a [[stroke (engine)|stroke]] of {{convert|50|in|mm|0}}. Two large [[funnel (ship)|funnel]]s were positioned between the turrets to handle the [[combustion gases]] from the boilers.<ref name=c5/> The ''Kalamazoo''s were intended to carry {{convert|500|LT|t}} of coal.<ref name=ck2/>

The ships' main armament consisted of four [[smoothbore]], [[muzzle-loading]], {{convert|15|in|mm|adj=on|0}} [[Dahlgren gun]]s mounted in two twin-gun turrets.<ref name=c5/> Each gun weighed approximately {{convert|43000|lb}}. They could fire a {{convert|350|lb|1|adj=on}} shell up to a range of {{convert|2100|yd}} at an elevation of +7°.<ref>OlmstedOlmstead, et al, p. 94</ref> The turrets were protected by 15 inches of armor.{{#tag:ref|Silverstone claims that their armor was only 10 inches thick.<ref name=s9/>|group=Note}}<ref name=ck2/>

==Ships==

Line 59 ⟶ 64:

|-valign=center

|''Kalamazoo''

|align=center|[[Brooklyn Naval Shipyard]], [[Brooklyn]], [[New York (state)|New York]]

|align=center|[[Kalamazoo River]]<ref>Silverstone 1984, p. 456</ref>

|align=center|''Colossus'', 15 June 1869

Line 78 ⟶ 83:

|align=center|15 April 1864

|-valign=center

|''Shackamaxon''{{#tag:ref|Also spelled ''Shakamaxon''.<ref name=sd>{{cite DANFS | title = Shakamaxon | url = http://www.history.navy.mil/danfs/s10/shakamaxon.htm | accessdateaccess-date =1 January 2013 }}</ref>|group=Note}}

|align=center|[[Philadelphia Naval Shipyard]], [[Philadelphia]], [[Pennsylvania]]

|align=center|[[Shackamaxon]]<ref>Silverstone 1984, p. 479</ref>

Line 87 ⟶ 92:

==Construction and fate==

Construction of the ships began between late 1863 and early 1864 and they were still being built when the war ended in early 1865. Construction was suspended on all four on 17 November 1865; they remained on the stocks. The ships were renamed, usually twice, in 1869 to conform to several new ship naming conventions. [[Vice Admiral]] [[David Dixon Porter|David D. Porter]] ordered that ''Colossus'' be rebuilt to carry 10 large [[Broadside (naval)|broadside]] guns and fitted with iron [[mast (sailing)|masts]] in a [[ship rig]], but this never happened. The unseasoned wood in their hulls quickly began to rot after construction was suspended and they were broken up beginning in 1874.<ref name=c5/> Unusually, ''Passaconaway'' was condemned by an Act of Congress on 5 August 1882 before she was finally broken up in 1884.<ref>{{cite DANFS | title = Passaconaway | url = http://www.history.navy.mil/danfs/p2/passaconaway-i.htm | accessdateaccess-date =1 January 2013 }}</ref>

==Notes==

{{reflist|group=Note}}

==Footnotes==

{{Reflist|230em}}

== References ==

*{{cite book|last=Canney|first=Donald L.|title=The Old Steam Navy: The Ironclads, 1842–1885|publisher=Naval Institute Press|___location=Annapolis, Maryland|date=1993|volume=2|isbn=0-87021-586-8}}

*{{cite book|title=Conway's All the World's Fighting Ships 1860-19051860–1905|editor1-last=Chesneau|editor1-first=Roger|editor2-last=Kolesnik|editor2-first=Eugene M.|publisher=Conway Maritime Press|___location=Greenwich, UK|date=1979|isbn=0-8317-0302-4|url-access=registration|url=https://archive.org/details/conwaysallworlds0000unse_l2e2}}

* {{cite book|last1=Olmstead|first1=Edwin|last2=Stark|first2=Wayne E.|last3=Tucker|first3=Spencer C.|title=The Big Guns: Civil War Siege, Seacoast, and Naval Cannon|publisher=Museum Restoration Service|___location=Alexandria Bay, New York|isbn=0-88855-012-X}}

*{{cite book|last=Silverstone|first=Paul H.|title=Directory of the World's Capital Ships|year=1984|publisher=Hippocrene Books|___location=New York|isbn=0-88254-979-0}}

Line 105 ⟶ 110:

==External links==

{{Portal|American Civil War}}

* [https://web.archive.org/web/20040302103255/http://www.history.navy.mil/danfs/k1/kalamazoo.htm] [[Dictionary of American Naval Fighting Ships]] entry on ''Kalamazoo''

* [https://web.archive.org/web/20040314020402/http://www.history.navy.mil/danfs/p2/passaconaway-i.htm] [[Dictionary of American Naval Fighting Ships]] entry on ''Passaconaway''

* [https://web.archive.org/web/20040317224335/http://www.history.navy.mil/danfs/q1/quinsigamond.htm] [[Dictionary of American Naval Fighting Ships]] entry on ''Quinsigamond''

* [https://web.archive.org/web/20040314163215/http://www.history.navy.mil/danfs/s10/shakamaxon.htm] [[Dictionary of American Naval Fighting Ships]] entry on ''Shackamaxon''

{{Union ironclads}}

{{good article}}

[[Category:Proposed ships of the United States Navy]]

[[Category:1860sCancelled ships of the United States Navy]]

[[Category:Monitor classes]]

[[Category:Kalamazoo-class monitors| ]]