Virtual Computing Environment: Difference between revisions

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{{Short description|American computer hardware brand}}
{{Infobox company
| name = VCEVirtual Company,Computing LLCEnvironment Company
| logo = VCE (company) logo.svg
| type = [[Division (business)|Division]]
| foundation = 2009 <br /> 2011 (as VCE)
| industry = cloud platforms
| parent = [[EMC Corporation]]
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| key_people = Chad Sakac ([[President (corporate title)|President]])<br />Trey Layton ([[Chief technology officer|CTO]])
| products = Vblock, VxBlock, VxRack, VxRail
| fate = Acquired by EMC, which was later acquired by [[Dell Technologies]]
| defunct = January 2016
}}
 
'''VCE''' (abbreviation for "Virtual Computing Environment" Company''' ('''VCE''') was a division of [[EMC Corporation]] that manufactured [[converged infrastructure]] appliances for enterprise environments. Founded in 2009 under the name '''Acadia''', it was originally a joint venture between EMC and [[Cisco Systems]], with additional investments by [[Intel]] and EMC subsidiary [[VMware]]. EMC acquired a 90% controlling stake in VCE from Cisco in October 2014, giving it majority ownership.<ref name=nworld-emcvce>{{cite news|title=Why EMC acquired VCE from Cisco|url=httphttps://www.networkworld.com/article/2837176/cisco-subnet931726/why-emc-acquired-vce-from-cisco.html|access-date=12 October 2015|work=Networkworld}}</ref> VCE ended in 2016 after an internal division realignment,<ref name="cpd"/> andfollowed subsequentby the sale of EMC to [[Dell]].<ref name="dellsale"/>
 
==History==
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}}</ref>
 
At the same EMC World trade show, Cisco and EMC introduced a joint venture named Acadia.<ref>{{Cite news |title= Cisco, EMC Form Acadia Joint Venture for Data Centers (Update3) |author= Rochelle Garner |date= November 3, 2009 |work= Bloomberg news |url= https://www.bloomberg.com/apps/news?pid=newsarchive&sid=azxgvBN9ckao&pos=7 |access-date= August 9, 2013 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |title= Cisco and EMC Form Venture to Serve Data Centers |work= The New York Times |author= Ashlee Vance |author-link=Ashlee Vance |date= November 3, 2009 |url= https://www.nytimes.com/2009/11/04/technology/business-computing/04cisco.html?_r=0 |access-date= August 13, 2013 }}</ref> The goal of Acadia, originally set up as a separate legal entity, was to build Vblock Infrastructure Packages in a standardized and repeatable fashion for customer [[data center]]s.<ref name="chief">{{Cite news |title= Cisco, EMC, VMware Channel Chiefs Talk Up Vblock Partner Play |author= Joseph F. Kovar |date= November 3, 2009 |work= CRN |url= http://www.crn.com/news/storage/221600134/cisco-emc-vmware-channel-chiefs-talk-up-vblock-partner-play.htm |access-date= August 9, 2013 }}</ref> [[Michael Capellas]], who also was a board member of Cisco, was named chairman of Acadia, and its first chief executive officer (CEO) in May 2010.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://online.wsj.com/article/NA_WSJ_PUB:SB10001424052748703322204575226973507577344.html |title=Capellas to Run Cisco, EMC Ventures |author=Don Clark |date=May 5, 2010 |work=WSJ.com |publisher=Dow Jones & Co. |access-date= August 19, 2010 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title= ACADIA |work= Original web site |url= http://www.acadia.com/index.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20101019041025/http://www.acadia.com/index.htm |archive-date= October 19, 2010 |access-date= August 9, 2013 }}</ref> Sales initially encountered some confusion among customers (which often had different staffs for storage and networking, for example), and different fiscal quarter sales cycles.<ref>{{Cite web |title= Customers embracing Vblocks, but VCE sales harmony a work in progress |work= By the Bell blog |author= Steve Kaplan |date= October 19, 2010 |url= http://bythebell.com/2010/10/customers-embracing-vblocks-but-vce-sales-harmony-a-work-in-progress.html |access-date= August 13, 2013 }}</ref>
By the end of 2010, Capellas told analysts the venture had 65 customers, with an average system costing about $2.5 million.<ref>{{Cite news |title= Vblock clouds moisten the data center: Capellas talks up VCE sales and pipeline |author= Timothy Prickett Morgan |work= The Register |date= December 21, 2010 |url= https://www.theregister.co.uk/2010/12/21/vce_acadia_ramp/ |access-date= August 11, 2013 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |title= Capellas-led coalition making strides by the Vblock |author= John Webster |work= CNET news |date= December 20, 2010 |url= http://news.cnet.com/8301-21546_3-20026158-10253464.html |access-date= August 11, 2013 }}</ref>
 
Acadia and the Virtual Computing Environment coalition combined into a single entity in January 2011, called VCE, the Virtual Computing Environment Company.<ref>{{Cite web |title= VCE Coalition Combines with Acadia, Simplifies Name to VCE |work= The VAR Guy |date= January 21, 2011 |url= http://thevarguy.com/virtualization-applications-and-technologies/vce-coalition-combines-acadia-simplifies-name-vce |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20140424153658/http://thevarguy.com/virtualization-applications-and-technologies/vce-coalition-combines-acadia-simplifies-name-vce |url-status= usurped |archive-date= April 24, 2014 |access-date= August 9, 2013 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |title= VCE Coalition and Acadia Combined and Renamed VCE, the Virtual Computing Environment Company |work= Press release |date= January 20, 2011 |publisher= VCE |url= http://www.vce.com/about/media/news?id=tcm:20-468 |access-date= August 9, 2013 }}</ref> Originally located in [[Silicon Valley]] and [[Dallas, Texas]], an expansion was announced in March 2011 to [[Richardson, Texas]] with an investment from the [[Texas Enterprise Fund]].<ref>{{Cite news |title= VCE, Major Cloud Computing Company, Plans Major Expansion in Richardson |work= Press release |date= March 15, 2011 |publisher= VCE, The Virtual Computing Environment Company |url= http://www.vce.com/about/media/news?id=tcm:20-476 |access-date= August 9, 2013 }}</ref> In October 2011, another office opened in [[Marlboro, Massachusetts]], close to VCE's EMC-owned manufacturing plant in [[Franklin, Massachusetts]].<ref>{{Cite news |title= Cloud computing allows companies to outsource IT services |author= Priyanka Dayal |work= Worcester Business Telegram |date= December 11, 2011 |url= http://www.telegram.com/article/20111211/NEWS/112119983/1002/business |access-date= August 21, 2013 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |title= EMC, Cisco, Intel & VMWare Launch Joint Venture in Marlborough |author= Brandon Butler |work= Worcester Business Journal |date= October 13, 2011 |url= http://www.wbjournal.com/article/20111013/METROWEST01/310139999/emc-cisco-intel--vmware-launch-joint-venture-in-marlborough |access-date= August 21, 2013 }}</ref> In July 2012, Cisco executive Praveen Akkiraju was appointed CEO and Frank Hauck as president.<ref>{{Cite news |title= VCE Appoints Praveen Akkiraju Chief Executive Officer |work= Press release |date= July 19, 2012 |publisher= VCE |url= http://www.vce.com/about/media/news?id=tcm:20-2159 |archive-url= https://archive.istoday/20130809191844/http://www.vce.com/about/media/news?id=tcm:20-2159 |url-status= dead |archive-date= August 9, 2013 |access-date= August 9, 2013 }}</ref> It was estimated VCE had 1200 employees at the time, with undisclosed revenues but accumulated losses.<ref>{{Cite news |title= VCE Taps Cisco Veteran As New CEO |work= CRN |date= July 19, 2012 |author= Chad Berndtson |url= http://www.crn.com/news/networking/240004002/vce-taps-cisco-veteran-as-new-ceo.htm |access-date= August 21, 2013 }}</ref> Publicized customers included [[Babson College]]<ref>{{Cite news |title= Taking College IT Out of the Hardware Business |author= Bridget McCrea |date= September 15, 2011 |work= Campus Technology digital magazine |url= http://campustechnology.com/articles/2011/09/15/taking-college-it-out-of-the-hardware-business.aspx |access-date= August 21, 2013 }}</ref> and the [[Mississippi Community College Board]].<ref>{{Cite web |title= Vblock Video Success Story – MS Community College Board |work= Press release |date= July 11, 2012 |url= http://www.ventech.com/2012/07/vblock-video-success-story-ms-community-college-board/ |publisher= Venture Technologies |access-date= August 21, 2013 }}</ref> The press debated if the venture should be considered a "[[startup company]]", with one headline joking "VCE = virtual cash erosion" and questioning millions of dollars of executive compensation.<ref>{{Cite news |title= Vblocks bleed out EMC money: VCE = virtual cash erosion |author= Chris Mellor |date= August 8, 2011 |work= The Channel |url= http://www.channelregister.co.uk/2011/08/08/vce_losses/ |access-date= August 21, 2013 }}</ref> Others considered the arrangement to be a wise investment.<ref>{{Cite news |title= Is VCE a Flailing Startup? A Study of Snark in New Media |author= Mark Hopkins |work= Silicon Angle |date= August 17, 2011 |url= http://siliconangle.com/blog/2011/08/17/is-vce-a-flailing-startup-a-study-of-snark-in-new-media/ |access-date= August 21, 2013 }}</ref>
 
Through 2012, there was a mixture of some success (with speculation of layoffs), and continued confusion due to products from competing partners such as [[NetApp]] FlexPod and [[Xsigo Systems]].<ref>{{Cite news |title= The VCE Gamble: You Got To Know When To Hold 'Em, Know When To Fold 'Em |author= Chad Berndtson and Joseph F. Kovar |date= November 26, 2012 |work= CRN |url= http://www.crn.com/news/data-center/240008994/the-vce-gamble-you-got-to-know-when-to-hold-em-know-when-to-fold-em.htm?pgno=2 |access-date= August 13, 2013 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |title= Cisco's 3-ring circus: Xsigo CEO on bait and switches |author= Chris Mellor |work= The Register |date= February 24, 2012 |url= https://www.theregister.co.uk/2010/12/21/vce_acadia_ramp/ |access-date= August 13, 2013 }}</ref> Cisco had announced its own "framework" called CloudVerse in late 2011 that was not specific to VMware.<ref>{{Cite news |title= Cisco's Bigger Bundle of Networking |work= New York Times Bits |author= Quentin Hardy |date= December 6, 2011 |url= http://bits.blogs.nytimes.com/2011/12/06/ciscos-bigger-bundle-of-networking/ |access-date= August 13, 2013 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |title= Cisco CloudVerse: Build One Private Cloud, Multiple Hypervisors |work= Information Week |author= Charles Babcock |date= December 8, 2011 |url= http://www.informationweek.com/cloud-computing/infrastructure/cisco-cloudverse-build-one-private-cloud/232300123/ |access-date= August 13, 2013 }}</ref> In August 2012, EMC announced a VSPEX reference architecture and partnership with [[Lenovo]] and other distributors that was seen as competing with a lower-cost option.<ref>{{Cite news |title= EMC Lenovo Deal Raises Questions For EMC-Cisco VCE Partnership |author= Joseph F. Kovar |date= August 2, 2012 |work= CRN |url= http://www.crn.com/news/storage/240004893/emc-lenovo-deal-raises-questions-for-emc-cisco-vce-partnership.htm |access-date= August 13, 2013 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |title= EMC hands disties licence to assemble VSPEX: Tells resellers to build it themselves or get someone else to do it |author= Paul Kunert |work= The Channel |date= August 15, 2012 |url= http://www.channelregister.co.uk/2012/08/15/emc_vspex/ |access-date= August 13, 2013 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title= EMC Intends VSPEX for Data Center Flexibility |work= Channelnomics |date= April 12, 2012 |author= Larry Walsh |url= http://channelnomics.com/2012/04/12/emc-intends-vspex-data-center-flexibility/ |access-date= August 13, 2013 }}</ref>
 
In a November 2012 report by [[Gartner]], VCE had a 57.4% share of integrated infrastructure systems in the second quarter of 2012 based on revenue.<ref>{{Cite web |title= Market Share Analysis: Data Center Hardware: Integrated Systems, 1Q11-2Q12 |publisher= Gartner |author= Adrian O'Connell |date= November 30, 2012 |url= http://www.vce.com/asset/documents/gartner-market-share-analysis-report.pdf |access-date= August 9, 2013 }}</ref> Gartner had previously tracked server, networking, and external controller-based storage as individual markets. VCE was named one of the “2013 Virtualization 50” by ''[[CRN Magazine]]''.<ref name="crn13">{{Cite news |title= 2013 Virtualization 50 |work= CRN |date= May 24, 2013 |url= http://www.crn.com/slide-shows/virtualization/240155351/2013-virtualization-50.htm?pgno=43 |access-date= August 9, 2013 }}</ref> In May 2013, VCE estimated a $1 billion annual sales rate with more than 1,000 Vblock Systems sold.<ref name="bets" /> However, in US [[Securities and Exchange Commission]] filings, EMC accounted for a cumulative loss of over $430 million by September 2012, and Cisco a loss of $457 million by early 2013, since revenues are recorded to the owning companies, not VCE itself.<ref>{{Cite news |title= Cisco, EMC tout VCE market share, but report losses |author= Larry Dignan |work= Between the Lines |publisher= ZDNet |date= February 21, 2013 |url= httphttps://www.zdnet.com/article/cisco-emc-tout-vce-market-share-but-report-losses-7000011627/ |access-date= August 11, 2013 }}</ref> EMC reported an investment of $667.2 million in cash and $13.2 million in stock-based compensation to VCE, for a stake of about 58%.<ref>{{Cite web |title= Quarterly Report for period ended September 30, 2012 |date= November 2, 2012 |work= Form 10-Q |publisher= SEC |author= EMC Corporation |url= https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/790070/000079007012000154/emc-2012930x10q.htm |access-date= August 11, 2013 }}</ref> Cisco reported a gross investment of $457 million, for a stake of about 35%.<ref>{{Cite web |title= Quarterly Report for Quarter ended January 26, 2013 |date= February 19, 2013 |work= Form 10-Q |publisher= SEC |author= Cisco Systems, Incorporated |url= https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/858877/000085887713000013/csco-2013126x10qq2.htm |access-date= August 11, 2013}}</ref>
 
By 2013, some of the same press writers that initially criticized VCE came to view the structure of VCE as being good business for investors.<ref>{{Cite webnews|url=https://www.theregister.co.uk/2013/03/06/emc_vce_losses/|title = EMC loses half a BEEELLION on VCE ... But it's NOT what it seems|website = [[The Register]]}}</ref> Other press highlighted VCE as a source of innovation and financial performance for investors.<ref>[https://archive.today/20140401155400/http://www.eweek.com/storage/why-vces-newest-vblock-systems-demonstrate-innovation.html Unknown]</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.itbusinessedge.com/blogs/unfiltered-opinion/vce-stars-in-emc-financial-results.html|title = VCE Stars in EMC Financial Results|date = 13 February 2014}}</ref> Total VCE for 2013 has been reported at over $1B with over a 50% year-over-year growth rate.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://wikibon.org/wiki/v/VCE_Drives_Simplification_Past_$1B | title=VCE Drives Simplification Past $1B - Wikibon }}</ref>
 
In October 2014, EMC announced that it had acquired majority control of the VCE venture, with Cisco maintaining a 10% stake.<ref name=nworld-emcvce/>
 
In January 2016, EMC announced that VCE had become the Converged Platform Division of EMC with Chad Sakac as President.<ref name="cpd">{{Cite web
|url = https://www.emc.com/about/news/press/2016/20160106-01.htm|title=EMC Appoints Chad Sakac as President of VCE}}</ref>
|date = 2016-01-06
|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20171215084514/https://www.emc.com/about/news/press/2016/20160106-01.htm
|archive-date = 2017-12-15
|access-date = 2022-04-28
|url-status = unfit
}}</ref>
 
On September 7, 2016, EMC was acquired by Dell.<ref name="dellsale">{{Cite web|title=$67 billion Dell-EMC deal closes today|url=https://social.techcrunch.com/2016/09/07/67-billion-dell-emc-deal-becomes-official-today/|date=2016-09-07|access-date=20202022-1104-2028|website=TechCrunch|language=en-US}}</ref> The Converged Platform Division of EMC is currently known as the Converged Platform and Solutions Division of Dell EMC.
 
By February 2018, Dell EMC announced VxBlock System 1000<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.zdnet.com/article/dell-emc-unveils-new-vxblock-system-1000/ | title=Dell EMC unveils new VxBlock System 1000 | website=[[ZDNet]] }}</ref> as a perpetual architecture<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.dell.com/en-us/dt/converged-infrastructure/converged-systems.htm#tab0=0&tab1=0 | title=VxBlock Converged Infrastructure Systems }}</ref> and the Dell Technologies converged systems business achieved $6.51B USD of market sales during 2020 according to [[International Data Group]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.dell.com/en-us/dt/converged-infrastructure/converged-systems.htm|title=VxBlock Converged Infrastructure Systems|website=www.dell.com}}</ref>
On September 7, 2016, EMC was acquired by Dell.<ref name="dellsale">{{Cite web|title=$67 billion Dell-EMC deal closes today|url=https://social.techcrunch.com/2016/09/07/67-billion-dell-emc-deal-becomes-official-today/|access-date=2020-11-20|website=TechCrunch|language=en-US}}</ref> The Converged Platform Division of EMC is currently known as the Converged Platform and Solutions Division of Dell EMC.
 
==Products and services==
VCE marketed [[converged infrastructure]] servers known as {{Proper name|vBlocks}}, which combine [[VMware vSphere]] software running on [[Cisco Unified Computing System]]s (UCS) connected with [[Cisco Nexus switches]], attached to [[EMC Symmetrix]] storage. Despite the "block" in the name, the storage can be accessed as either a [[block device]] or a [[file server]].
 
Vblock Systems are marketed for large-scale [[datacenter]]s which run software applications such as [[Microsoft Exchange Server]], [[Microsoft SharePoint]] or [[SAP ERP]].
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===Vblock===
'''Vblock''' is the brand name VCE uses for racks containing the components of its data center products. Prepackaging, called [[converged infrastructure]], allows customers to select preconfigured and integrated solutions, with predictable units of power, weight, cooling, and geometry for data center planning purposes.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.theregister.co.uk/2010/12/21/vce_acadia_ramp/|title=Vblock clouds moisten the data center|website=[[The Register]]}}</ref>
[[File:EMC Vblock 300 FX.jpg|thumb|alt=A Vblock 300 FX at CA World|Vblock 300 FX at VCE (company) booth during CA World 2011.]] Vblock systems consist of storage and provisioning from [[EMC Corporation|EMC]], switches and servers from [[Cisco]], and [[VMware]] virtualization software running on the servers. In addition, Vblock system customers' support calls are handled by VCE.
 
Vblock had two series based on the following compositional elements:<ref name="bare_url_b">{{cite web| url=http://vmackem.co.uk/?p=553 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161208004416/http://vmackem.co.uk/?p=553 | archive-date=2016-12-08 | title=VCE Vblock Update}}</ref><ref name="lightreading">{{Cite web|url=http://www.lightreading.com/video.asp?doc_id=216883|title=MakingRecent ofvideos Cloud&#124; Megapage Test1 --of 69 Cloud&#124; DataLight CenterReading}}</ref>
* EMC provides storage and provisioning
** VNX
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==== Customers ====
No confirmed numbers were announced publicly by VCE or its investors until 2013 <ref name="crn">{{Cite web|url=http://www.crn.com/news/networking/240004002/vce-taps-cisco-veteran-as-new-ceo.htm|title = VCE Taps Cisco Veteran as New CEO|date = 19 July 2012}}</ref> but when it was disclosed the numbers were provided conservatively as being over 800 customers in almost 60 countries with nearly 2000 VCE manufactured Vblock Systems sold.<ref name="vce">{{Cite web|url=http://www.vce.com/about/media/news?id=tcm:20-18846|title=Converged Infrastructure (CI)}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=httphttps://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/vce-surpasses-2013-goal-of-1-billion-in-annual-sales1-accelerates-growth-in-q1-2014-258445551.html|title=VCE Surpasses 2013 Goal of $1 Billion in Annual Sales(1), Accelerates Growth in Q1 2014|website=www.prnewswire.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://siliconangle.com/blog/2014/04/11/vce-passes-1b-with-50-year-to-year-growth/|title = VCE passes $1B with 50% year-to-year growth|date = 11 April 2014}}</ref> Because of the lack of a manufactured physical and logical build on an actual VCE manufacturing floor, previous deployments in 2009 and early 2010 of what were called or referred to as Vblock (often with various use of upper and lower case spelling) are not considered to be Vblock by some pundits and infrastructure professionals <ref name="bythebell">{{Cite web|url=http://www.bythebell.com/2010/10/customers-embracing-vblocks-but-vce-sales-harmony-a-work-in-progress.html|title = Customers embracing Vblocks, but VCE sales harmony a work in progress|date = 19 October 2010}}</ref> since these so-called reference architectures varied greatly from project to project when compared to late 2010 manufactured Vblock. Anecdotally, institutions and companies using Vblock have been involved in published testimonials.<ref name="ventech">{{cite web| url=http://www.ventech.com/2012/07/vblock-video-success-story-ms-community-college-board/ | archive-url=https://archive.today/20130205212638/http://www.ventech.com/2012/07/vblock-video-success-story-ms-community-college-board/ | url-status=dead | archive-date=February 5, 2013 | title=Unknown}}</ref><ref name="bare_url_f">{{Cite web|url=httphttps://campustechnology.com/articles/2011/09/15/taking-college-it-out-of-the-hardware-business.aspx|title=Taking College IT Out of the Hardware Business -|website=Campus Technology}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://blocksandbytes.com/2013/01/27/vce-vblock-1st-year-in-review/ |title=VCE vBlock – 1st Year in Review {{!}} blocksandbytes |website=blocksandbytes.com |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130302112731/http://blocksandbytes.com/2013/01/27/vce-vblock-1st-year-in-review |archive-date=2013-03-02}}</ref>
 
===Enterprise-level systems===
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In February 2013, VCE announced the management software application Vision Intelligent Operations Software.<ref name="bets" />
VCE Vision software that enables a single management pane for the components in the Vblock Systems it manages via plugins for third party management, automation, and orchestration tools from VMware, Cisco, BMC, CA, and others via [[RESTful API]], [[SNMP]], and unified logging.<ref name="hana" /><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.vce.com/products/vblock/vce-vision|title=Converged Infrastructure (CI)}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.vce.com/developers|title = Converged Infrastructure (CI)}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://business.itbusinessnet.com/article/VCE-Unveils-Foundational-Networking-Capabilities-To-Enable-The-Application-Centric-Infrastructure-3254394 |title=VCE Unveils Foundational Networking Capabilities To Enable The Application Centric Infrastructure |website=business.itbusinessnet.com |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140528005602/http://business.itbusinessnet.com/article/VCE-Unveils-Foundational-Networking-Capabilities-To-Enable-The-Application-Centric-Infrastructure-3254394 |archive-date=2014-05-28}}</ref>
 
==Services==
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==References==
{{Reflist|30em}}
 
== External links ==
* [http://www.vce.com/ VCE Website]
 
{{EMC}}
 
{{DEFAULTSORT:VCE}}
[[Category:SoftwareEMC companies of the United StatesCorporation]]
[[Category:2014 mergers and acquisitions]]
[[Category:Computer companies disestablishedestablished in 20162009]]
[[Category:Cloud computing providers]]
[[Category:Computer companies establisheddisestablished in 20092016]]
[[Category:DellDefunct EMCcomputer companies of the United States]]
[[Category:Defunct computer hardware companies]]
[[Category:Defunct software companies of the United States]]
[[Category:Software companies established in 2009]]
[[Category:2014 mergers and acquisitions]]
[[Category:Computer companies disestablished in 2016]]
[[Category:Software companies disestablished in 2016]]