Coccoderma: Difference between revisions

Revision as of 14:51, 19 October 2008

Latest revision as of 19:03, 23 May 2025

(35 intermediate revisions by 24 users not shown)

Line 1:

{{Short description|Extinct genus of fishes}}

{{Taxobox

{{Italic title}}

|name = ''Coccoderma''

{{Automatic taxobox

|fossil_range = [[Jurassic]]

| fossil_range = {{fossil range|152.2|145.0|[[Kimmeridgian]] to [[Tithonian]]}}

|regnum = [[Animal]]ia

| image = Coccoderma suevicum 65.jpg

|phylum = [[Chordata]]

| image_caption = Specimen of ''C. suevicum''

|classis = [[Sarcopterygii]]

|name taxon = ''Coccoderma''

|ordo = [[Actinistia]]

| authority = [[Friedrich August von Quenstedt|Quenstdedt]], 1858

|genus type_species = {{extinct}}'''''Coccoderma suevicum'''''

| type_species_authority = Quenstdedt, 1858

| subdivision_ranks = Species

| subdivision = See text

| synonyms = * {{extinct}}''Kokkoderma'' <small>Quenstedt, 1858</small> (original spelling)

}}

{{portal|Paleontology}}

'''''Coccoderma''''' is an extinct [[genus]] of prehistoric marine [[coelacanth]] which lived during the [[Late Jurassic]] period.<ref>{{Cite web |title=PBDB Taxon |url=https://paleobiodb.org/classic/basicTaxonInfo?taxon_no=34909 |access-date=2024-05-21 |website=[[Paleobiology Database]]}}</ref> Fossils have been found in Germany and France.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Wendruff |first=Andrew J. |last2=Wilson |first2=Mark V.H. |date=2013 |editor-last=Sues |editor-first=Hans |title=New Early Triassic coelacanth in the family Laugiidae (Sarcopterygii: Actinistia) from the Sulphur Mountain Formation near Wapiti Lake, British Columbia, Canada |url=http://www.nrcresearchpress.com/doi/10.1139/cjes-2013-0010 |journal=Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences |language=en |volume=50 |issue=9 |pages=904–910 |doi=10.1139/cjes-2013-0010 |issn=0008-4077|url-access=subscription }}</ref> It was small in size, about 27.5&nbsp;cm. They had very long and sharp teeth.

'''''Coccoderma''''' is a [[genus]] of [[prehistoric]] [[coelacanth]] [[lobe-finned fish]] which lived during the [[Jurassic]] period. [[Fossils]] have been found in [[USA]]. It was small in size, about 27,5 cm. They had very long and sharp teeth that did not regrow unlike todays present sharks

It was one of the earliest coelacanths to be properly studied by science.<ref name=":1" /> It lived far later than other members of its family ([[Laugiidae]]), which otherwise only existed during the [[Early Triassic]], thus leaving an exceptional [[ghost lineage]] of over 100 million years. It was the last surviving member of the non-[[Coelacanth|latimerioid]] coelacanths (e.g. coelacanths outside of [[Latimeriidae]] and [[Mawsoniidae]]).<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Toriño |first=Pablo |last2=Soto |first2=Matías |last3=Perea |first3=Daniel |date=2021-12-02 |title=A comprehensive phylogenetic analysis of coelacanth fishes (Sarcopterygii, Actinistia) with comments on the composition of the Mawsoniidae and Latimeriidae: evaluating old and new methodological challenges and constraints |url=https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/08912963.2020.1867982 |journal=Historical Biology |language=en |volume=33 |issue=12 |pages=3423–3443 |doi=10.1080/08912963.2020.1867982 |issn=0891-2963|url-access=subscription }}</ref>

{{paleo-stub}}

==Species==

[[Category:Prehistoric fish]]

* †'''''C. bavaricum''''' <small>Reis, 1888</small> - [[Tithonian]] of Germany ([[Solnhofen Limestone]])

[[Category:Lobe-finned fish]]

* †'''''C. gigas''''' <small>Reis, 1888</small> - Tithonian of Germany (Solhofen Limestone)

[[Category:Jurassic fish]]

* †'''''C. suevicum''''' <small>[[Friedrich August von Quenstedt|Quenstdedt]], 1858</small> - [[Kimmeridgian]] ([[Nusplingen Limestone]]) and Tithonian (Solnhofen Limestone) of Germany (=''[[Coelacanthus]] harlemensis'' <small>Winkler, 1874</small>, ''Coccoderma nudum'' <small>Reis, 1888</small>)<ref name=":0">{{Cite journal |last=Lambers |first=Paul H. |date=1991-06-01 |title=The identity of the type specimen ofCoelacanthus harlemensis Winkler (Pisces, Actinistia) from the lithographic limestone of Solnhofen (Tithonian), Bavaria |url=https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02985782 |journal=Paläontologische Zeitschrift |language=en |volume=65 |issue=1 |pages=173–189 |doi=10.1007/BF02985782 |issn=|url-access=subscription }}</ref>

[[File:Coccoderma bavaricum Reil, 1888.jpg|thumb|''C. bavaricum''|left]]An indeterminate species is known from the Tithonian-aged [[Canjuers Lagerstätte]] of France, which was previously thought to be from the earliest [[Early Cretaceous|Cretaceous]] ([[Berriasian]]).<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Peyer |first=Karin |last2=Charbonnier |first2=Sylvain |last3=Allain |first3=Ronan |last4=Läng |first4=Émilie |last5=Vacant |first5=Renaud |date=2014-07-01 |title=A new look at the Late Jurassic Canjuers conservation Lagerstätte (Tithonian, Var, France) |url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1631068314000529 |journal=Comptes Rendus Palevol |series=Lagerstätten français et fossiles à conservation exceptionnelle |volume=13 |issue=5 |pages=403–420 |doi=10.1016/j.crpv.2014.01.007 |issn=1631-0683|url-access=subscription }}</ref><ref>{{Citation |last=Cloutier |first=Richard |title=Diversity of Extinct and Living Actinistian Fishes (Sarcopterygii) |date=1991 |work=The biology of Latimeria chalumnae and evolution of coelacanths |pages=59–74 |editor-last=Musick |editor-first=John A. |url=https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-3194-0_4 |access-date=2024-05-21 |place=Dordrecht |publisher=Springer Netherlands |language=en |doi=10.1007/978-94-011-3194-0_4 |isbn=978-94-011-3194-0 |last2=Forey |first2=Peter L. |editor2-last=Bruton |editor2-first=Michael N. |editor3-last=Balon |editor3-first=Eugene K.|url-access=subscription }}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=Silva |first=Raphael Miguel da |date=2016 |title=Biogeografia histórica de Celacantos (Sarcopterygii: Actinistia) |url=https://www.bdtd.uerj.br:8443/bitstream/1/4962/1/Tese%20completa_Raphael%20M%20S_PPGEE_2018.pdf |access-date=2024-05-21 |website=bdtd.ibict.br}}</ref> The species ''C. nudum'' likely represents an immature ''C. suevicum''. The species ''C. bavaricum'' and ''C. gigas'' may not belong to this genus.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" /> The species ''C. substriolatum'' from England has been reclassified as a [[Mawsoniidae|mawsoniid]], and tentatively to ''[[Trachymetopon]]''.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Cavin |first=Lionel |last2=Piuz |first2=André |last3=Ferrante |first3=Christophe |last4=Guinot |first4=Guillaume |date=2021-06-03 |title=Giant Mesozoic coelacanths (Osteichthyes, Actinistia) reveal high body size disparity decoupled from taxic diversity |url=https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-021-90962-5 |journal=Scientific Reports |language=en |volume=11 |issue=1 |pages=11812 |doi=10.1038/s41598-021-90962-5 |issn=2045-2322|pmc=8175595 }}</ref>

==References==

{{portalPortal|Paleontology}}

{{Reflist}}

*[https://www.paleodb.org The Paleobiology Database]

*[http://www.dinohunter.info/html/1880/1888.htm Dinohunter]

*[http://www.fossilmuseum.net/Fossil_Sites/solnhofen/coccoderma/coccoderma.htm Fossil Museum]

|ordo = [[{{Actinistia]]}}

{{Taxonbar|from=Q5139178}}

[[Category:Coelacanthiformes]]

[[Category:Prehistoric lobe-finned fish genera]]

[[Category:Lobe-finnedLate Jurassic bony fish]]

[[Category:Kimmeridgian genus first appearances]]

[[Category:Tithonian genus extinctions]]

[[Category:Fossils of Germany]]

[[Category:JurassicSolnhofen fishfauna]]

[[Category:Fossils of France]]

[[Category:Fossil taxa described in 1858]]

{{paleo-lobefinned-fish-stub}}

{{Jurassic-fish-stub}}