Cross-layer optimization: Difference between revisions

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* adaptation

* scheduling

* resource allocation<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Karmokar|first=Ashok|date=21 November 2012|title=Energy-Efficient Green Radio Communications for Delay Tolerant Applications|url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780124158443000073|journal=Handbook of Green Information and Communication Systems|pages=183–208|doi=10.1016/B978-0-12-415844-3.00007-3|isbn=9780124158443|url-access=subscription}}</ref>

* power control

* congestion control

* multihop routing<ref>{{Cite journalbook|last=Wymeersch|first=Henk|title=Academic Press Library in Mobile and Wireless Communications |date=2016|titlechapter=Multiple access control in wireless networks|journalpages=435–465 |publisher=Academic Press Library|doi=10.1016/B978-0-12-398281-0.00012-0|isbn=978-0-12-398281-0 in Mobile and Wireless Communications: Transmission Techniques for Digital Communications}}</ref>

Its advantages include high adaptivity in a [[Wireless sensor network]] and a larger optimization space.<ref name=":02" />

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== Tailoring to resource efficiency of cross-layer==

The quality aspect is not the only approach to tailor the cross-layer optimization strategy. The control adjusted to availability of limited resources is the first mandatory step to achieve at least a minimum level of quality. Respective studies have been performed and will continue.<ref>http://www.nyman-workshop.org/2003/papers/Cross-Layer%20Optimization%20for%20Sensor%20Networks.pdf {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080828183649/http://www.nyman-workshop.org/2003/papers/Cross-Layer%20Optimization%20for%20Sensor%20Networks.pdf |date=2008-08-28 }} {{Bare URL PDF|date=March 2022}}</ref>

== Adapting MAC scheduling based on PHY parameters ==

Communication systems that need to operate over media with non stationary background noise and interference may benefit from having a close coordination between the [[Medium access control|MAC]] layer (which is responsible for scheduling transmissions) and the [[Physical layer|PHY]] layer (which manages actual transmission and reception of data over the media).<ref>S. Shabdanov, P. Mitran, C. Rosenberg,

[httphttps://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpldocument/login.jsp?tp=&arnumber=6151784&url=http%3A%2F%2Fieeexplore.ieee.org%2Fxpls%2Fabs_all.jsp%3Farnumber%3D6151784/ "Cross-Layer Optimization Using Advanced Physical Layer Techniques in Wireless Mesh Networks", in IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications]</ref><ref name=Miao>{{cite book|author1=Guowang Miao|author2=Guocong Song|title=Energy and spectrum efficient wireless network design|publisher=[[Cambridge University Press]]|isbn=978-1107039889|year=2014|author1-link=Guowang Miao}}</ref>

<ref>S. Shabdanov, P. Mitran, C. Rosenberg,

[http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/login.jsp?tp=&arnumber=6151784&url=http%3A%2F%2Fieeexplore.ieee.org%2Fxpls%2Fabs_all.jsp%3Farnumber%3D6151784 "Cross-Layer Optimization Using Advanced Physical Layer Techniques in Wireless Mesh Networks", in IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications]</ref><ref name=Miao>{{cite book|author1=Guowang Miao|author2=Guocong Song|title=Energy and spectrum efficient wireless network design|publisher=[[Cambridge University Press]]|isbn=978-1107039889|year=2014|author1-link=Guowang Miao}}</ref>

In some communications channels (for example, in power lines), noise and interference may be non-stationary and might vary synchronously with the 50 or 60&nbsp;Hz [[AC current]] cycle. In scenarios like this, the overall system performance can be improved if the MAC can get information from the PHY regarding when and how the noise and interference level is changing, so that the MAC can schedule transmission during the periods of time in which noise and interference levels are lower.<ref name="Miao"/>

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== Issues ==

Some issues may arise with cross-layer design and optimization by creating unwanted effects as explained in.<ref>V. Kawadia, P.R. Kumar, [http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/Xplore/login.jsp?url=/stamp/stamp.jsp?arnumber=01561928 "A cautionary perspective on cross-layer design"], in: IEEE Wireless Communications, Volume 12, Issue 1, Feb. 2005.{{Dead link |date=November 2017}}</ref><ref>P. Papadimitratos, A. Mishra, and D. Rosenburgh, [https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?arnumber=1605922 "A Cross-Layer Design Approach to Enhance 802.15.4"], in: IEEE MILCON 2005, Volume 3, pp 1719-1726, June 2005</ref> Cross-layer design solutions that allow optimized operation for mobile devices in the modern heterogeneous wireless environment are described in,<ref>F. Foukalas et al.,

[httphttps://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/articleDetails.jsp?tp=&arnumber=4483671&contentType=Journals+%26+Magazines&sortType%3Dasc_p_Sequence%26filter%3DAND%28p_IS_Number%3A4483664%29 "Cross-layer design proposals for wireless mobile networks: a survey and taxonomy "]</ref> where in addition the major open technical challenges in the cross-layer design research area are pointed out.

== See also ==

*[[OSI model]]

*[[Cognitive networks]]

*[[OSI model]]

== References ==