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{{Short description|Program to manage foreign students and exchange visitors in the United States}}
The '''Student and Exchange Visitor Program''' ('''SEVP''') is a program within [[U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement]], which is under the [[U.S. Department of Homeland Security]], that manages foreign students and exchange visitors in the United States through the '''Student and Exchange Visitor Information System''' ('''SEVIS''').<ref name=official>{{cite web|url = https://www.ice.gov/sevis|title = Student and Exchange Visitor Program|access-date = January 29, 2017|publisher = [[U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement]]}}</ref> The SEVP encompasses the [[F visa|F status]] (for foreign students in the United States in academic programs and their dependents), [[J-1 visa|J status]] (for exchange visitors in the United States and their dependents), and [[M-1 visa|M status]] (for foreign students in the United States in vocational programs and their dependents). The exchange visitor part of the program (J visa) is managed by the [[U.S. Department of State]], although the SEVIS system is maintained by ICE.<ref name=official/>▼
{{Use mdy dates|date=April 2025}}
▲The '''Student and Exchange Visitor Program''' ('''SEVP''') is a program within [[U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement]], which is under the [[U.S. Department of Homeland Security]],
The SEVP does not manage the issuance of the visas themselves. Visas are issued at United States consulates and embassies in other countries, which fall under the [[United States Department of State]]'s [[Bureau of Consular Affairs]]. However, having the correct status and information in the SEVIS system is necessary for a person to be able to receive a F, J, or M visa.<ref>{{Cite web|url = https://travel.state.gov/content/visas/en/study-exchange/student.html|title = Student Visa|publisher = [[U.S. Department of State]] Bureau of Consular Affairs|access-date = January 29, 2017|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20160603231159/https://travel.state.gov/content/visas/en/study-exchange/student.html|archive-date = June 3, 2016|url-status = dead|df = mdy-all}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url = https://travel.state.gov/content/visas/en/study-exchange/exchange.html|title = Exchange Visitor Visa|publisher = [[U.S. Department of State]] Bureau of Consular Affairs|access-date = January 29, 2017|url-status = dead|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20170129071309/https://travel.state.gov/content/visas/en/study-exchange/exchange.html|archive-date = January 29, 2017}}</ref>
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| Visa status for border commuter || [[F visa|F-3]] || M-3 || --
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| Designation of principal person at school or institution responsible for coordinating the program<ref name=sevis-glossary>{{cite web|url = https://net.educause.edu/ir/library/pdf/EDU0212.pdf|title = A Glossary of SEVIS-Related Terminology|
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| Designation of other people at school or institution responsible for coordinating the program<ref name=sevis-glossary/> || Designated School Official (DSO) || DSO || Alternate Responsible Official (ARO)
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In the [[1993 World Trade Center bombing]], a [[truck bomb]] was detonated below the North Tower of the [[World Trade Center (1973–2001)|World Trade Center]] in [[New York City]]. In the aftermath of this incident, the student visa came under increased scrutiny when it was discovered that [[Eyad Ismoil]], one of the terrorists involved was in the United States on an expired student visa.<ref name="cis1">{{cite news | last = Suhler | first = Jayne Noble | author2 = Timms, Ed | title = Security worries putting spotlight on student visas | url = http://www.cis.org/articles/Katz/katz1999.html | work = [[The Dallas Morning News]] | date = September 20, 1998 | access-date = 2007-05-21 | url-status = dead | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20070512122504/http://www.cis.org/articles/Katz/katz1999.html | archive-date = May 12, 2007 }}</ref><ref name="cis2">{{cite news | last = Suhler | first = Jayne Noble | author2 = Timms, Ed | title = Cases highlight flaws in federal visa system | url = http://www.cis.org/articles/Katz/katz1999.html | work = [[The Dallas Morning News]] | date = November 8, 1998 | access-date = 2007-05-21 | url-status = dead | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20070512122504/http://www.cis.org/articles/Katz/katz1999.html | archive-date = May 12, 2007 }}</ref><ref name=shareok>{{cite web|url = https://shareok.org/bitstream/handle/11244/917/3187222.PDF?sequence=1|title = A Descriptive Case Study of the Impact of 9/11 on International Student Visa Policy in the 20 Months Following the Attacks|author = Mary Helen Reeves|access-date = February 10, 2016}}</ref><ref name=ins-fsp-report>{{cite web|url = https://oig.justice.gov/special/0205/chapter6.htm|title = CHAPTER SIX. THE INS'S FOREIGN STUDENT PROGRAM|date = May 20, 2002|access-date = February 10, 2016}}</ref>
A memorandum from the [[U.S. Department of Justice]]'s Office of Investigative Agency Policies to the Deputy Attorney General dated September 24, 1994, mentioned the need to subject foreign students to thorough and continuing scrutiny before and during their stay in the United States. On April 17, 1995, the Deputy Attorney General asked the Immigration and Naturalization Service(INS) Commissioner to address this issue. This led to
In June 1997, the INS launched a pilot program for a centralized electronic reporting system for institutions, called the Coordinated Interagency Partnership Regulating International Students (CIPRIS). The CIPRIS pilot officially ended in October 1999, as the INS felt it had gathered enough data from the prototype to start working on the nationwide system.<ref name=ins-fsp-report/> The INS began working on a new system that would be called the Student and Exchange Visitor Program (SEVP) with the associated information system called the Student and Exchange Visitor Information Service (SEVIS). During the rollout, CIPRIS and SEVIS met with considerable opposition from the [[NAFSA: Association of International Educators|Association of International Educators]] and the [[American Council on Education]]. However, they claimed that the opposition was not against the programs in principle but due to the concern that a botched rollout by the INS could result in many students suffering.<ref name=shareok/><ref name=ins-fsp-report/>
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| October 26, 2001 || Final legislation || [[Patriot Act]]; mandates implementation of Section 641 of the IIRIRA
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| May 16, 2002 || Proposed rule || Retention and reporting requirements for F, J, and M nonimmigrants; Student and Exchange Visitor Information System<ref>{{cite web|url = https://www.justice.gov/sites/default/files/eoir/legacy/2003/07/09/fr16may02.pdf|title = Retention and Reporting of Information
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| July 1, 2002 || Interim final rule || Allowing eligible schools to apply for preliminary enrollment in SEVIS<ref>{{cite web|url = https://www.justice.gov/sites/default/files/eoir/legacy/2003/07/09/fr01july02.pdf|title = Allowing
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| September 11, 2002 || Implementation deadline || The Interim Student and Exchange Authentication System (ISEAS), an interim program by the [[U.S. Department of State]], comes into force. This is a temporary system put in place until SEVIS goes live.<ref name=sevis-glossary/>
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| September 25, 2002 || Interim final rule || Requiring certification of all service-approved schools for SEVIS enrollment<ref>{{cite web|url = https://www.justice.gov/sites/default/files/eoir/legacy/2002/11/06/fr25sep02.pdf|title = Requiring Certification of all Service Approved Schools for Enrollment in the Student and Exchange Visitor Information System (SEVIS)|date = September 25, 2002|access-date = January 29, 2017|publisher = [[U.S. Department of Justice]] [[Immigration and Naturalization Service]] in the [[Federal Register]]}}</ref>
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| December 11, 2002 || Interim final rule || Retention and reporting of information for F, J, and M nonimmigrants; SEVIS<ref>{{cite web|url = https://www.justice.gov/sites/default/files/eoir/legacy/2003/01/10/fr11dec02.pdf|title = Retention
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| January 31, 2003 || Implementation deadline || Mandatory SEVIS use begins
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In addition, they must report events that constitute a violation of the international visitor's visa status, such as academic suspension, [[criminal conviction]], failure to enroll and unauthorized off-campus employment.
=== COVID-19
Amid the [[COVID-19 pandemic]], the SEVP program allowed international students to take more online coursework in the spring and summer semesters of 2020 to accommodate the various state-mandated school closures and stay-at-home orders without penalizing the students. On July 6, 2020, ICE issued a regulation that stated that for any current international visitor under SEVP to remain in the country come the fall 2020 semesters, they must return to taking most of their coursework in person, limiting any online coursework to a maximum of one class or three credit hours online, or be enrolled in a hybrid system but still required to take some physical classes. Students failing to meet these would be face "immigration consequences including, but not limited to, the initiation of removal proceedings", and students who had indicated they would be taking only online classes would be denied visas.<ref name="verge 20200706">{{cite web | url = https://www.theverge.com/2020/7/6/21315168/ice-immigration-international-students-universities-deportation | title = ICE says international students must take in-person classes to remain in the US | first = Monica | last = Chin | date = July 6, 2020 | access-date = July 13, 2020 | work = [[The Verge]] }}</ref>
The new change was criticized by students, schools, and states alike, as with the pandemic worsening in most of the United States at the time, many schools did not have plans to commit to opening to physical classes in the fall semester, leaving these international students at risk of deportation.<ref>{{cite web | url = https://www.cnn.com/2020/07/06/politics/international-college-students-ice-online-learning/index.html | title = International students may need to leave US if their universities transition to online-only learning | first1 = Priscilla | last1 = Alvarez |first2= Catherine E. | last2= Shoichet | date = July 6, 2020 | access-date = July 13, 2020 | work = [[CNN]] }}</ref> At least three separate lawsuits were filed against ICE on the changed within the week on the basis that the decision was [[arbitrary and capricious]] and failed the [[Administrative Procedure Act (United States)|Administrative Procedure Act]]: A joint suit by [[Harvard University]] and [[MIT]],<ref>{{cite web | url = https://www.nytimes.com/2020/07/10/us/f1-student-visa-lawsuit.html | title = As Universities Seek to Block Visa Rules, Trump Threatens Tax Status | first1 = Anemona | last1 = Hartocollis | first2= Miriam | last2 = Jordan | date = July 10, 2020 | access-date = July 13, 2020 | work = [[The New York Times]] }}</ref> the state of California,<ref>{{cite web | url = https://www.nbcnews.com/news/us-news/california-becomes-first-state-sue-trump-administration-over-student-visa-n1233381 | title = California becomes first state to sue Trump administration over student visa policy | first = Alicia Victoria | last = Lozano | date = July 9, 2020 | access-date = July 13, 2020 | work = [[NBC News]] }}</ref> and a separate collation of 17 states and the District of Columbia.<ref>{{cite web | url = https://www.theverge.com/2020/7/13/21322780/ice-lawsuit-states-universities-international-students-visa-pandemic-trump | title = Seventeen states sue Trump administration over new student visa guidelines | first = Monica | last = Chin | date = July 13, 2020 | access-date = July 13, 2020 | work = [[The Verge]] }}</ref> Prior to a second hearing where it was expected that a preliminary injunction was to be placed on the new ruling on July 14, 2020, ICE affirmed it would rescind the new rule and continue to allow international students to participate in online classes.<ref>{{cite web | url = https://thehill.com/homenews/administration/507293-trump-administration-rescinds-policy-to-strip-visas-from-foreign |title = Trump administration rescinds foreign students rule | first = John | last= Kruzel | date = July 14, 2020 | access-date = July 14, 2020 | work = [[The Hill (newspaper)|The Hill]] }}</ref>
=== 2025 revocation of Harvard's SEVP===
{{Further|Education policy of the second Donald Trump administration}}
In 2025, the Department of Homeland Security under the Trump administration announced the "revocation" of [[Harvard University]]'s SEVP certification, banning the university from enrolling international students and forcing existing foreign students to transfer to other institutions.<ref>{{cite news |title=Trump administration ends Harvard's ability to enrol international students |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/c05768jmm11o |access-date=23 May 2025 |work=www.bbc.com |date=22 May 2025}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Schmidt |first1=Michael S. |last2=Bender |first2=Michael C. |title=Trump Administration Says It Is Halting Harvard’s Ability to Enroll International Students |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2025/05/22/us/politics/trump-harvard-international-students.html |access-date=23 May 2025 |work=The New York Times |date=22 May 2025}}</ref> Harvard sued the Trump administration within 24 hours.<ref>{{cite news |title=Harvard sues Trump administration for blocking foreign student enrolment |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/cje7ledqvyqo |access-date=23 May 2025 |work=www.bbc.com |date=23 May 2025}}</ref>
== Fee ==
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