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{{Short description|Music programming language}}
The '''Hierarchical Music Specification Language''' ('''HMSL''') is a [[music]] [[programming language]] written in the 1980s by [[Larry Polansky]], [[Phil Burk]], and [[David Rosenboom]] at [[Mills College]].<ref name="overview">{{cite journal |last1=Polansky |first1=Larry |last2=Burk |first2=Phil |last3=Rosenboom |first3=David |title=HMSL (Hierarchical Music Specification Language): A Theoretical Overview |journal=Perspectives of New Music |date=1990 |volume=28 |issue=2 |pages=136-178 |doi=10.2307/833016 |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/833016|url-access=subscription }}</ref> Written on top of [[Forth (programming language)|Forth]], it allowed for the creation of real-time interactive music performance systems, [[algorithmic composition]] software, and any other kind of program that requires a high degree of musical [[Music informatics|informatics]]. It was distributed by Frog Peak Music, and runs with a very light [[memory footprint]] (~1 [[megabyte]]) on [[Apple Macintosh|Macintosh]] and [[Amiga]] systems.▼
▲The '''Hierarchical Music Specification Language''' ('''HMSL''') is a [[music]] [[programming language]] written in the 1980s by [[Larry Polansky]], [[Phil Burk]], and [[David Rosenboom]] at [[Mills College]].<ref name="overview">{{cite journal |last1=Polansky |first1=Larry |last2=Burk |first2=Phil |last3=Rosenboom |first3=David |title=HMSL (Hierarchical Music Specification Language): A Theoretical Overview |journal=Perspectives of New Music |date=1990 |volume=28 |issue=2 |pages=136-178 |doi=10.2307/833016 |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/833016}}</ref> Written on top of [[Forth (programming language)|Forth]], it allowed for the creation of real-time interactive music performance systems, [[algorithmic composition]] software, and any other kind of program that requires a high degree of musical [[Music informatics|informatics]]. It was distributed by Frog Peak Music, and runs with a very light [[memory footprint]] (~1 [[megabyte]]) on [[Apple Macintosh|Macintosh]] and [[Amiga]] systems.
Unlike [[CSound]] and other languages for audio [[sound synthesis|synthesis]], HMSL is primarily a language for making ''music''. As such, it interfaces with sound-making devices through built-in [[MIDI]] classes. However, it has a high degree of built-in understanding of music [[performance| performance practice]], [[musical tuning|tuning systems]], and [[Sheet music|score]] reading. Its main interface for the manipulation of musical [[parameter]]s is through the metaphor of [[shape]]s, which can be created, altered, and combined to create a musical [[Texture (music)|texture]], either by themselves or in response to real-time or [[Scheduling (computing)|scheduled]] events in a score.
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HMSL is licensed under the free [[Apache_License|Apache License V2]].
== References ==
{{reflist}}
==External links==
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