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{{Short description|Type of chemical test in which a water sample flows through a system}}
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'''Flow-through tests''' or '''immunoconcentration assays'''<ref name="Bernard">{{cite journal | last1 = Bernard | first1 = Branson |title=Point-of-Care Rapid Tests for HIV Antibody |journal=J Lab Med |date=2003 |volume=27 |pages=288–295 |url=http://www.cdc.gov/hiv/topics/testing/resources/journal_article/J_Lab_Med_20031.htm |accessdate=3 July 2016 |url-status=unfit |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120503112410/http://www.cdc.gov/hiv/topics/testing/resources/journal_article/J_Lab_Med_20031.htm |archivedate=May 3, 2012 }}</ref> are a type of diagnostic assay that allows users to test for the presence of a [[biomarker]], usually a specific [[antibody]], in a sample such as blood. They are a type of [[point of care]] test, designed to be used by a healthcare provider at patient contact. Point of care tests often allow for rapid detection of a specific biomarker without specialized lab equipment and training; this aids in diagnosis and allows therapeutic action to be initiated more quickly. Flow-through tests began development in the early 1980s and were the first type of immunostrip to be developed, although [[lateral flow test]]s have subsequently become the dominant immunostrip point of care device.<ref name="John">{{cite journal | vauthors = St John A, Price CP | title = Existing and Emerging Technologies for Point-of-Care Testing | journal = The Clinical Biochemist. Reviews / Australian Association of Clinical Biochemists | volume = 35 | issue = 3 | pages = 155–67 | date = August 2014 | pmid = 25336761 | pmc = 4204237 }}</ref>
== History ==
The first flow-through test was developed in 1985 to test for the presence of [[Human chorionic gonadotropin|beta-human chorionic gonadotropin]] in urine.<ref name="John"/><ref name="Valkirs">{{cite journal | vauthors = Valkirs GE, Barton R | title = ImmunoConcentration — a new format for solid-phase immunoassays | journal = Clinical Chemistry | volume = 31 | issue = 9 | pages = 1427–31 | date = September 1985 | doi = 10.1093/clinchem/31.9.1427 | pmid = 4028392 | url = http://www.clinchem.org/content/31/9/1427.long | url-access = subscription }}</ref>
== Principle of flow-through tests ==
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