ACM Computing Classification System: Difference between revisions

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{{Short description|Classification system for computer science topics}}

{{merge|ACM Computing Classification Scheme}}

The '''ACM Computing Classification System''' ('''CCS''') is a subject classification system for computer science[[computing]] devised by the [[Association for Computing Machinery]]. (ACM). The system hasis gonecomparable through six revisions,to the first[[Mathematics versionSubject beingClassification]] published(MSC) in [[1964]]scope, aims, and revisedstructure, versionsbeing appearingused inby [[1982]],the various [[1983]],ACM [[1987]],journals [[1991]],to andorganize thesubjects nowby current version in [[1998]]area.

=={{anchor|CRCS 1964|CCS 1982|CCS 1983|CCS 1987|CCS 1991|CCS 1998|CCS 2012}}History==

The system is comparable to the [[Mathematics Subject Classification]] in scope, aims and structure, being used by the various ACM journals to organise subjects by area, and being hierarchically structured as a series of four increasingly finely grained classifications with longer description codes.

The system has gone through seven revisions, the first version being published in 1964, and revised versions appearing in 1982, 1983, 1987, 1991, 1998, and the now current version in 2012.

==Structure==

==The 1998 classification==

It is hierarchically structured in four levels. For example, one branch of the hierarchy contains:

The classification consists of a set of categories, organised in three levels, of which the top-level categories are:

:K. Computing Milieuxmethodologies

:A. General Literature

::I.2 [[Artificial Intelligenceintelligence]]

:B. Hardware

:::I.2.4 [[Knowledge representation formalisms and methodsreasoning]]

:C. Computer Systems Organization

:::: [[Ontology engineering]]

:D. Software

:E. Data

==See also==

:F. Theory of Computation

*[[Computer Science Ontology]]

:G. Mathematics of Computing

{{merge|ACM*[[Physics Computingand Astronomy Classification Scheme}}]]

:H. Information Systems

*[[arXiv]], a [[Preprint|preprint server]] allowing submitted papers to be classified using the ACM CCS

:I. Computing Methodologies, which contains:

*[[PhySH|Physics Subject Headings]]

::I.2 [[Artificial Intelligence]]

:::I.2.4 [[Knowledge representation formalisms and methods]]

==References==

:J. Computer Applications

* {{citation

:K. Computing Milieux

| last = Coulter | first = Neal

| doi = 10.1145/265563.265579

| issue = 12

| journal = Communications of the ACM

| ___location = New York, NY, USA

| pages = 111–112

| publisher = ACM

| title = ACM's computing classification system reflects changing times

| volume = 40

| year = 1997| s2cid = 42548816

| doi-access = free

}}.

* {{citation

| last1 = Coulter | first1 = Neal (chair)

| last2 = French | first2 = James

| last3 = Glinert | first3 = Ephraim

| last4 = Horton | first4 = Thomas

| last5 = Mead | first5 = Nancy

| last6 = Ralston | first6 = Anthony

| last7 = Rada | first7 = Roy

| last8 = Rodkin | first8 = Craig

| last9 = Rous | first9 = Bernard

| last10 = Tucker | first10 = Allen

| last11 = Wegner | first11 = Peter

| last12 = Weiss | first12 = Eric

| last13 = Wierzbicki | first13 = Carol

| journal = Computing Reviews

| ___location = New York, NY, USA

| publisher = ACM

| date = January 21, 1998

| pages = 1–5

| title = Computing Classification System 1998: Current Status and Future Maintenance Report of the CCS Update Committee

| url = http://www.acm.org/about/class/ccsup.pdf}}.

* {{citation

| last1 = Mirkin | first1 = Boris

| last2 = Nascimento | first2 = Susana

| last3 = Pereira | first3 = Luis Moniz

| contribution = Representing a Computer Science Research Organization on the ACM Computing Classification System

| editor1-last = Eklund | editor1-first = Peter

| editor2-last = Haemmerlé | editor2-first = Ollivier

| pages = 57–65

| publisher = RWTH Aachen University

| series = CEUR Workshop Proceedings

| title = Supplementary Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Conceptual Structures (ICCS-2008)

| url = http://ftp.informatik.rwth-aachen.de/Publications/CEUR-WS/Vol-354/p19.pdf

| volume = 354

| year = 2008}}.

==External links==

* [httphttps://wwwdl.acm.org/classccs dl.acm.org/ ACM Computing Classification Systemccs] is the homepage of the system, including links to threefour complete versions of the system, for 1964 [http://www.acm.org/class/1964/], 1991 [http://www.acm.org/class/1991/], and the current 1998 version [http://www.acm.org/class/1998/overview.html]

** the [http://www.acm.org/about/class/cr64 1964 version] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161201090453/http://www.acm.org/about/class/cr64 |date=2016-12-01 }}

* [http://www.acm.org/class/1998/acmccs98-1.2.3.xml XML version of the ACM Computing Classification System version 1998]

** the [http://www.acm.org/about/class/class91-toc 1991 version] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170921173850/http://www.acm.org/about/class/class91-toc |date=2017-09-21 }}

** the [https://www.acm.org/publications/computing-classification-system/1998 1998 version]

** the [http://www.acm.org/about/class/2012 current 2012 version].

* The [https://arxiv.org/corr/home ACM Computing Research Repository] uses a [https://arxiv.org/corr/subjectclasses classification scheme] that is much coarser than the ACM subject classification, and does not cover all areas of CS, but is intended to better cover active areas of research. In addition, papers in this repository are classified according to the ACM subject classification.

* The [https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3664191 ACM/IEEE/AAAI Computer Science Curriculum Guidance 2023] describes a body of knowledge for computer science divided into 17 knowledge areas, similar to the above classifications.

{{Computer science}}

[[Category:Association for Computing Machinery|*Computing Classification System]]

[[Category:Classification systems]]

[[Category:Computer science literature]]

[[Category:1964 in computing]]

[[Category:Computer-related introductions in 1964]]

[[Category:Association for Computing Machinery publications|Computing Classification System]]

{{comp-sci-stub}}