Multicast-broadcast single-frequency network: Difference between revisions

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'''Multicast-broadcastMultimedia single-frequencyBroadcast networkmulticast service Single Frequency Network''' ('''MBSFN''') is a [[Channel (communications)|communication channel]] defined in the [[4G|fourth-generation cellular networking standard]] called [[3GPP Long -Term Evolution|Long -Term Evolution (LTE)]]. ItThe transmission mode is intended as a further improvement of the efficiency of the [[MBMS|enhanced Multimedia Broadcast Multicast Service]] (eMBMS) service, which can deliver services such as [[mobile TV]] using the LTE infrastructure, and is expected to [[MBMS#Competing_technologiesCompeting technologies|compete]] with dedicated mobile/handheld TV broadcast systems such as [[DVB-H]] and [[DVB-SH]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Long Term Evolution (LTE): A Technical Overview|url=http://www.motorola.com/web/Business/Solutions/Industry%20Solutions/Service%20Providers/Wireless%20Operators/LTE/_Document/Static%20Files/6834_MotDoc_New.pdf|publisher=Motorola Technical White Paper|page=10}}</ref><ref name=Turner>{{cite web|last=Turner|first=Lorraine|title=3G evolution to rival DVB-H, WiMAX - Analysys|url=http://www.totaltele.com/view.aspx?ID=363424|publisher=Total Telecom|accessdateaccess-date=9 February 2006}}</ref> This enables [[network operator]]s to offer mobile TV without the need for additional expensive [[licensed spectrum]] and without requiring new infrastructure and end-user devices.<ref name=Fitchard0>{{cite web|last=Fitchard|first=Kevin|title=Why Qualcomm thinks LTE-broadcast will work where FLO TV failed|work=Gigaom |date=9 April 2013 |url=http://gigaom.com/2013/04/09/why-qualcomm-thinks-lte-broadcast-will-work-where-flo-tv-failed/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130411235050/http://gigaom.com/2013/04/09/why-qualcomm-thinks-lte-broadcast-will-work-where-flo-tv-failed/|url-status=dead|archive-date=April 11, 2013|access-date=9 April 2013}}</ref>

<ref name=Fitchard0>{{cite web|last=Fitchard|first=Kevin|title=Why Qualcomm thinks LTE-broadcast will work where FLO TV failed|url=http://gigaom.com/2013/04/09/why-qualcomm-thinks-lte-broadcast-will-work-where-flo-tv-failed/|accessdate=9 April 2013}}</ref>

The eMBMS service can offer many more TV programs in a specific radio frequency spectrum as compared to traditional terrestrial TV broadcasting, since it is based on the principles of [[Interactive Multicast]], where TV content only is transmitted in where there currently are viewers. The eMBMS service also provides better [[system spectral efficiency]] than [[video-on-demand]] over traditional cellular unicasting services, since in eMBMS, each TV program is only transmitted once in each cell, even if there are several viewers of that program in the same cell. The MBSFN transmission mode further improves the spectral efficiency, since it is based on the principles of [[Dynamic single frequency networks]] (DSFN). This implies that it dynamically forms [[single-frequency network]]s (SFNs), i.e. groups of adjacent base stations that send the same signal simultaneously on the same frequency sub-carriers, when there are mobile TV viewers of the same TV program content in the adjacent cells. The LTE [[OFDMA]] downlink modulation and multiple access scheme eliminates self-interference caused by the SFN:s. Efficient TV transmission using similar combinations of Interactive multicast (IP Multicast) and DSFN has also been suggested for the DVB-T2 and DVB-H systems.<ref>M. Eriksson, S.M. Hasibur Rahman, F. Fraille, M. Sjöström, ”[http://apachepersonal.miun.se/~mageri/myresearch/bmsb2013-Eriksson.pdf Efficient Interactive Multicast over DVB-T2 - Utilizing Dynamic SFNs and PARPS]”, 2013 IEEE International Conference on Computer and Information Technology (BMSB’13), London, UK, June 2013.</ref>

MBMS and [[mobile TV]] was a failure in 3G systems, and was offered by very few mobile operators, partly because of its limited peak bit rates and capacity, not allowing standard TV video quality, something that LTE with eMBMS does not suffer from.

==Technical details==

LTE's Enhanced [[MBMS|Multimedia Broadcast Multicast Services]] (E-MBMS) provides transport features for sending the same content information to all the users in a cell ([[broadcast]]) or to a given set of users (subscribers) in a cell ([[multicast]]) using a subset of the available radio resources with the remaining available to support transmissions towards a particular user (so-called [[unicast]] services). It must not be confused with IP-level broadcast or multicast, which offer no sharing of resources on the radio access level. In E-MBMS it is possible to either use a single [[Node B|eNode-B]] or multiple eNode-Bs for transmission to multiple [[User equipment|UE]]s. MBSFN is the definition for the latter.<ref name=Lescuyer>{{cite book|last=Lescuyer|first=Pierre|title=Evolved Packet System (EPS): The LTE and SAE Evolution of 3G UMTS|year=2008|publisher=Wiley|isbn=978-0-470-05976-0|pages=350|pages=140–143|url=http://www.wiley.com/WileyCDA/WileyTitle/productCd-0470059761.html}}</ref>

MBSFN is a transmission mode which exploits LTE's [[OFDM]] radio interface to send multicast or broadcast data as a multicell transmission over a synchronized [[Single-frequency network|single-frequency network (SFN)]]. The transmissions from the multiple cells are sufficiently tightly synchronized for each to arrive at the UE within the OFDM [[Cyclic prefix|Cyclic Prefix (CP)]] so as to avoid [[Intersymbol interference|Inter-Symbol Interference (ISI)]]. In effect, this makes the MBSFN transmission appear to a UE as a transmission from a single large cell, dramatically increasing the [[Signal-to-interference ratio|Signal-to-Interference Ratio (SIR)]] due to the absence of inter-cell interference.<ref name=Sesia>{{cite book|last=Sesia|first=Stefania|title=LTE - A Pocket Dictionary of Acronyms|year=2009|publisher=Wiley|isbn=978-0-470-69716-0|page=45|url=http://lte.alcatel-lucent.com/locale/en_us/downloads/LTE-A_Pocket_Dictionary_of_Acronyms.pdf}}</ref>

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==Commercial adoption==

Commercial deployment of E-MBMS (and therefore MBSFN) features is expected to start in 2013 as an upgrade of existing LTE networks.<ref name=Parker>{{cite web|last=Parker|first=Tammy|title=Making the case for LTE Broadcast and Dyle mobile TV|url=http://www.fiercebroadbandwireless.com/story/making-case-lte-broadcast-and-dyle-mobile-tv/2012-08-15|accessdateaccess-date=15 August 2012}}</ref> Lowell McAdam, CEO of Verizon, stated in his CES 2013 keynote that he hopes to have LTE-Broadcast available to live-broadcast the Super Bowl 2014 over its network. On a more general note, he identified live events as the ideal use case for LTE-Broadcast.<ref name=Fitchard1>{{cite web|last=Fitchard|first=Kevin|title=Can LTE-broadcast dam the mobile video deluge?|work=Gigaom |date=10 January 2013 |url=http://gigaom.com/2013/01/10/can-lte-broadcast-dam-the-mobile-video-deluge/|accessdatearchive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130112015633/http://gigaom.com/2013/01/10/can-lte-broadcast-dam-the-mobile-video-deluge/|url-status=dead|archive-date=January 12, 2013|access-date=10 January 2013}}</ref>

==References==

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==External links==

*3GPP specifications [http://www.3gpp.org/ftp/Specs/html-info/36201.htm TS 36.201] and [http://www.3gpp.org/ftp/Specs/html-info/36300.htm TS 36.300]

*BP Tiwari: [https://web.archive.org/web/20110903144502/http://www.beyond4g.org/is-lte-capable-of-enabling-new-tv-experience Is LTE capable of enabling new TV experience?] (BEYOND 4G: Telecom Research and News Analysis, June 4, 2010)

*Santhanaraj Muthusamy: [https://web.archive.org/web/20110925071022/http://www.teleca.com/Renderers/ShowMedia.ashx?id=e82018dc-3450-48e1-8f61-4db3624262e5 Solution Area: e-MBMS in LTE] (Teleca White Papers, February 2011)

* [http://www.enensys.com/products/mobile-tv/embms-gateway.html eMBMS BM-SC Gateway]

*[https://www.free2air.info/post/5g-broadcast-using-3gpp-technology-to-receive-tv-and-radio-services LTE-based 5G Broadcast with larger SFN coverage]

[[Category:Wireless networking]]

[[Category:3rd Generation Partnership Project3GPP standards]]

[[Category:Information theory]]

[[Category:Telecommunication theory]]