Mathematical operators and symbols in Unicode: Difference between revisions

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{{Short description|none}}
{{redirect|⊞|the key|Windows key}}
[[File:0009-cmls-2012_preview_ecran.jpg|thumb|300px|Blackboard at the Laurent Schwartz Center for Mathematics, [[École Polytechnique]]]]
{{SpecialChars}}
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===Mathematical Operators block===
{{Main|Mathematical Operators|l1=Mathematical Operators (Unicode block)}}
The Mathematical Operators block (U+2200–U+22FF) contains characters for mathematical, logical, and set notation.
{{Unicode chart Mathematical Operators}}
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===<span id="Mathematical Alphanumeric Symbols block"></span>Mathematical Alphanumeric Symbols block===
{{Main|Mathematical Alphanumeric Symbols|l1=Mathematical Alphanumeric Symbols (Unicode block)}}
The Mathematical Alphanumeric Symbols block (U+1D400&ndash;U+1D7FF) contains Latin and Greek letters and decimal digits that enable mathematicians to denote different notions with different letter styles. The reserved code points (the "holes") in the alphabetic ranges up to U+1D551 duplicate characters in the [[#Letterlike Symbols block|Letter likeLetterlike Symbols block]].<ref> In order, these are: {{not a typo| / / / / }}.</ref>
 
{{Unicode chart Mathematical Alphanumeric Symbols}}
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The Letterlike Symbols block (U+2100&ndash;U+214F) includes variables. Most alphabetic math symbols are in the Mathematical Alphanumeric Symbols block [[#Mathematical Alphanumeric Symbols block|shown above]].
 
The math subset of this block is U+2102, U+2107, U+210A&ndash;U+2113, U+2115, U+2118&ndash;U+2119211D, U+2124, U+2128&ndash;U+2129, U+212C&ndash;U+212D, U+212F&ndash;U+2131, U+2133, &ndash;U+21352138, U+213C&ndash;U+2149, and U+214B.<ref>See https://www.unicode.org/Public/UCD/latest/ucd/DerivedCoreProperties.txt</ref>
 
{{Unicode chart Letterlike Symbols}}
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The Miscellaneous Technical block (U+2300&ndash;U+23FF) includes braces and operators.
 
The math subset of this block is U+2308&ndash;U+230B, U+2320-&ndash;U+2321, U+237C, U+239B-&ndash;U+23B5, 23B7, U+23D0, and U+23DC-&ndash;U+23E2.
{{Unicode chart Miscellaneous Technical}}
 
===Geometric Shapes block===
{{Main|Geometric Shapes|l1=Geometric Shapes (Unicode block)}}
The Geometric Shapes block (U+25A0&ndash;U+25FF) contains geometric shape symbols.
 
The math subset of this block is U+25A0&ndash;25A1, U+25AE&ndash;25B7, U+25BC&ndash;25C1, U+25C6&ndash;25C7, U+25CA&ndash;25CB, U+25CF&ndash;25D3, U+25E2, U+25E4, U+25E7&ndash;25EC, and U+25F8&ndash;25FF.
{{Unicode chart Geometric Shapes}}
 
===Miscellaneous Symbols and Arrows block===
{{Main|Miscellaneous Symbols and Arrows|l1=Miscellaneous Symbols and Arrows (Unicode block)}}
The Miscellaneous Symbols and Arrows block (U+2B00&ndash;U+2BFF Arrows) contains arrows and geometric shapes with various fills.
 
The math subset of this block is U+2B30&ndash;2B44 and U+2B47&ndash;2B4C.
{{Unicode chart Miscellaneous Symbols and Arrows}}
 
===Arrows block===
{{Main|Arrows (Unicode block)}}
The Arrows block (U+2190&ndash;U+21FF) contains line, curve, and semicircle arrows and arrow-like operators.
 
The math subset of this block is U+2190&ndash;U+21A7, U+21A9&ndash;U+21AE, U+21B0&ndash;U+21B1, U+21B6&ndash;U+21B7, U+21BC&ndash;U+21DB, U+21DD, U+21E4&ndash;U+21E5, U+21F4&ndash;U+21FF.<ref>More symbols are supported by TeX math packages, see e.g. [https://tug.ctan.org/fonts/xcharter-math/unimath-xcharter.pdf#page=47 Will Robertson, Symbols defined by unicode-math].</ref>
{{Unicode chart Arrows}}
 
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The Supplemental Arrows-B block (U+2900&ndash;U+297F) contains arrows and arrow-like operators (arrow tails, crossing arrows, curved arrows, and harpoons).
{{Unicode chart Supplemental Arrows-B}}
 
===Miscellaneous Symbols and Arrows block===
{{Main|Miscellaneous Symbols and Arrows|l1=Miscellaneous Symbols and Arrows (Unicode block)}}
The Miscellaneous Symbols and Arrows block (U+2B00&ndash;U+2BFF Arrows) contains arrows and geometric shapes with various fills.
 
The math subset of this block is U+2B30&ndash;U+2B44, U+2B47&ndash;U+2B4C.<ref>The quadruple arrows U+2B45 and U+2B46 are supported by TeX math packages, per [https://tug.ctan.org/fonts/xcharter-math/unimath-xcharter.pdf#page=75 Will Robertson, Symbols defined by unicode-math].</ref>
{{Unicode chart Miscellaneous Symbols and Arrows}}
 
===Combining Diacritical Marks for Symbols block===
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==Characters in other blocks==
Mathematical characters also appear in other blocks. Below is a list of these characters as of Unicode version 14{{Unicode version|version=16.0}}:
 
{|
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{|
| U+002B || {{Large|+}} || PLUS SIGN
|-
| U+002D || {{Large|-}} || HYPHEN-MINUS<ref>As per [https://www.unicode.org/Public/16.0.0/ucd/DerivedCoreProperties.txt Unicode 16.0.0], the ASCII hyphen-minus is not a mathematical symbol. To express the minus sign in math, {{unichar|2212|minus sign}} is used instead.</ref>
| U+002D || {{Large|-}} || HYPHEN-MINUS
|-
| U+003C || {{Large|&lt;}} || LESS-THAN SIGN
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{|
| U+00AC || {{Large|¬}} || NOT SIGN
|-
| U+00B0 || {{Large|°}} || DEGREE SIGN<ref>As per [https://www.unicode.org/Public/16.0.0/ucd/DerivedCoreProperties.txt Unicode 16.0.0], the degree sign is not a mathematical symbol, since it is a measurement unit symbol rather than a math symbol. Consistently, TeX packages support many non-math symbols. But this article is designed to cover only Unicode characters with a derived property of "Math".</ref>
|-
| U+00B1 || {{Large|±}} || PLUS-MINUS SIGN
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|}
''Note: non-marking character''
| <!-- newspaper column 2 -->
*[[Superscripts and Subscripts|Superscripts and Subscripts block]]
{|
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| U+208E || {{Large|₎}} || SUBSCRIPT RIGHT PARENTHESIS
|}
| <!-- newspaper column 2 -->
*[[Miscellaneous Symbols|Miscellaneous Symbols block]]
{|
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|-
| U+FFEC || {{Large|↓}} || HALFWIDTH DOWNWARDS ARROW
|}
*[[Garay (Unicode block)|Garay block]]
{|
| U+10D8E || {{Large|𐶎}} || GARAY PLUS SIGN
|-
| U+002D10D8F || {{Large|-𐶏}} || HYPHEN-GARAY MINUS SIGN
|}
|}
 
== See also ==
* [[ListGlossary of mathematical symbols]]
* [[List of logic symbols]]
* [[Greek letters used in mathematics, science, and engineering]]
* [[List of letters used in mathematics and science]]
* [[List of mathematical uses of Latin letters]]
* [[Latin letters used in mathematics]]
* [[Unicode subscripts and superscripts]]
* [[Unicode symbols]]
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{{reflist}}
 
== External links ==
*{{cite book | title = Mathematical Markup Language (MathML) W3C Recommendation | publisher = W3C | version = 3.0 | edition = 2nd | date = 10 April 2014 | url = http://www.w3.org/TR/MathML/}}
*Images of glyphs in [http://www.w3.org/TR/MathML2/chapter6.html#chars.16x16-tables section 6.3.3] of the {{cite book | title = Mathematical Markup Language (MathML) W3C Recommendation | publisher = W3C
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{{Unicode navigation}}
{{Mathematical symbols notation language}}
{{MathematicalSymbolsNotationLanguage}}
 
[[Category:Unicode blocks|*]]