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{{Short description|Software identifier}}
{{Italic title}}
{{Stub|Information science}}▼
{{Infobox identifier
| name =
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| digits =
| check_digit =
| example = [https://archive.softwareheritage.org/swh:1:dir:df32c75242bf8d797ccd43af8ce8e294f35cd8fd swh:1:dir:df32c75242bf8d797ccd43af8ce8e294f35cd8fd]
| website =
}}
An SWHID can be used to point to different components or versions of the source code of a software package.<ref name="ProgrammingHistorianFr_preserving_identifying" /> The SWHID is an intrinsic identifier in the sense that it describes the software based only on the software's intrinsic properties, with no reliance on an external register.<ref>{{Cite web |language=en |title=Intrinsic and Extrinsic identifiers |url=https://www.softwareheritage.org/2020/07/09/intrinsic-vs-extrinsic-identifiers/ |website=Software Heritage |access-date=2025-05-24}}</ref>
== Creation and history ==▼
The SoftWare Hash IDentifier was developed by [[Software Heritage]]. Software Heritage's archives, identified by their SWHIDs, were publicly released starting in 2018.<ref name="CNRS_supports">{{cite Q|Q134581205|url-status=live|trans-title=The CNRS supports Software Heritage}}</ref>▼
== Format ==▼
{{as of|2020}}, SWHIDs were in use for about nine billion versions of pieces of software,<ref name="CNRS_supports" /> termed "artefacts".<ref name="SWHID_tracking_past">{{cite Q|Q134580517|url-status=live}}</ref> SWHIDs are integrated with research repositories including [[HAL (open archive)|HAL]], [[Zenodo]] and the French catalog of Academic Research Free Software.{{cn|date=May 2025}}▼
The SWHID specification allows identifying different components of software source code. Object types relating to the [[software versioning|software version]] are labelled as "snapshot", "release" or "revision"; a "directory" of files and possibly subdirectories can be identified; and a specific piece of a specific version of source code can be labelled as "content".<ref name="ProgrammingHistorianFr_preserving_identifying">{{cite Q|Q134581061|url-status=live|trans-title=Preserving and identifying research software with Software Heritage}}</ref>
The identifier has the following syntax:<ref name="SWHID_tracking_past" />
The acronym SWHID originally referred to "Software Heritage Identifiers" used to catalog software artifacts in the early days of the [[Software Heritage]] archive<ref>{{Cite web |language=en |title=SoftWare Hash IDentifier (SWHID) |url=https://www.softwareheritage.org/software-hash-identifier-swhid/ |website=Software Heritage |access-date=2025-05-24}}</ref>. It later evolved into an open standard through a dedicated working group<ref>{{Cite web |language=en |title=SWHID working group |url=https://www.swhid.org/ |access-date=2025-05-24}}</ref> and was standardized as ISO in April 2025 under the more general name "Software Hash Identifier"<ref>{{Cite web |language=en |title=ISO/IEC 18670:2025 |url=https://www.iso.org/standard/89985.html |website=ISO |access-date=2025-05-24}}</ref>▼
[[Télécom Paris]] welcomed the ISO normalization arguing that it is a significant step in global digital infrastructure, providing traceability of software affected by vulnerabilities.<ref name="TelecomParis_significant_advance">{{cite Q|Q134580605|url-status=live|trans-title=A significant advance for global digital infrastructure: the ISO/IEC 18670 standard is now official}}</ref> UNESCO stated that SWHID is useful for the reproducibility and long-term accessibility of software.<ref>{{Cite web |language=en |title=Archiving open software as human heritage |url=https://www.unesco.org/en/open-science/inclusive-science/archiving-open-software-human-heritage |website=UNESCO |access-date=2025-05-24}}</ref>▼
swh:<scheme_version>:<object_type>:<object_id>[;qualifiers]▼
</syntaxhighlight>
===
According to the [[French National Centre for Scientific Research]] (CNRS), software source code archived with SWHIDs includes the source codes of [[Apollo 11]] navigation and of the [[NCSA Mosaic]] web browser.<ref name="CNRS_supports" />
<
▲== Format ==
▲The SWHID allows identifying different components of software source code. Object types relating to the [[software versioning|software version]] are labelled as "snapshot", "release" or "revision"; a "directory" of files and possibly subdirectories can be identified; and a specific piece of a specific version of source code can be labelled as "content".<ref name="ProgrammingHistorianFr_preserving_identifying">{{cite Q|Q134581061|url-status=live|trans-title=Preserving and identifying research software with Software Heritage}}</ref> The identifier has the following syntax:<ref name="SWHID_tracking_past" />
The following example, drawn from the specification documentation,<ref>{{Cite web |language=en |title=Qualified identifiers |url=https://www.swhid.org/specification/v1.2/6.Qualified_identifiers/ |website=swhid.org |access-date=2025-05-27}}</ref> illustrates the use of multiple qualifiers in an SWHID:
▲<syntaxhighlight lang="none">
▲swh:<scheme_version>:<object_type>:<object_id>[;qualifiers]
<syntaxhighlight lang="text">
swh:1:cnt:4d99d2d18326621ccdd70f5ea66c2e2ac236ad8b;origin=https://gitorious.org/ocamlp3l/ocamlp3l_cvs.git;visit=swh:1:snp:d7f1b9eb7ccb596c2622c4780febaa02549830f9;anchor=swh:1:rev:2db189928c94d62a3b4757b3eec68f0a4d4113f0;path=/Examples/SimpleFarm/simplefarm.ml;lines=9-15
</syntaxhighlight>
SWHID was formalized as the ISO 18670 standard in April 2025.<ref name="ISO18670">{{Cite web |language=en |title=ISO/IEC 18670:2025 |url=https://www.iso.org/standard/89985.html |website=ISO |access-date=2025-05-24}}</ref>
▲<code>swh:1:dir:df32c75242bf8d797ccd43af8ce8e294f35cd8fd</code>
▲== Creation and history ==
▲The SoftWare Hash IDentifier was developed by [[Software Heritage]]. Software Heritage's archives, identified by their SWHIDs, were publicly released starting in 2018.<ref name="CNRS_supports">{{cite Q|Q134581205|url-status=live|trans-title=The CNRS supports Software Heritage}}</ref>
▲{{as of|2020}}, SWHIDs were in use for about nine billion versions of pieces of software,<ref name="CNRS_supports" /> termed "artefacts".<ref name="SWHID_tracking_past">{{cite Q|Q134580517|url-status=live}}</ref> SWHIDs are integrated with research repositories including [[HAL (open archive)|HAL]], [[Zenodo]] and the French catalog of Academic Research Free Software.<ref>{{
▲The acronym SWHID originally referred to "Software Heritage Identifiers" used to catalog software artifacts in the early days of the [[Software Heritage]] archive.<ref>{{Cite web |language=en |title=SoftWare Hash IDentifier (SWHID) |url=https://www.softwareheritage.org/software-hash-identifier-swhid/ |website=Software Heritage |access-date=2025-05-24}}</ref>
▲[[Télécom Paris]] welcomed the ISO normalization arguing that it is a significant step in global digital infrastructure, providing traceability of software affected by vulnerabilities.<ref name="TelecomParis_significant_advance">{{cite Q|Q134580605|url-status=live|trans-title=A significant advance for global digital infrastructure: the ISO/IEC 18670 standard is now official}}</ref> UNESCO stated that SWHID is useful for the reproducibility and long-term accessibility of software.<ref>{{
== References ==
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== External links ==
*
* [https://www.iso.org/obp/ui/en/#iso:std:iso-iec:18670:ed-1:v1:en ISO/IEC 18670:2025 Specification v1.2]
{{ISO standards}}
[[Category:Unique identifiers]]
{{comp-sci-stub}}
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