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{{Short description|Serial interface}}
'''Synchronous Serial Interface (SSI)''' is a widely used serial interface standard for industrial applications between a master (e.g. controller) and a slave (e.g. sensor). SSI is based on [[RS-422]]<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.novotechnik.de/en/products/sensor-technologies/interfaces/ |title=Interfaces article by novotechnik |access-date=2012-02-07 |archive-date=2016-10-01 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161001195707/http://www.novotechnik.de/en/products/sensor-technologies/interfaces/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> standards and has a high protocol efficiency in addition to its implementation over various hardware platforms, making it very popular among sensor manufacturers. SSI was originally developed by Max Stegmann GmbH in 1984 for transmitting the position data of [[Rotary encoder|absolute encoders]] – for this reason, some servo/drive equipment manufacturers refer to their SSI port as a "Stegmann Interface".
It was formerly covered by the German patent DE 34 45 617 which expired in 1990. It is very suitable for applications demanding reliability and robustness in measurements under varying industrial environments.
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'''SSI''' is a synchronous, point-to-point, serial communication channel for digital data transmission. [[Data transmission|Synchronous data transmission]] is one in which the data is transmitted by synchronizing the transmission at the receiving and sending ends using a common clock signal. Since the start and stop bits are not present, this allows better use of data transmission bandwidth for more message bits and makes the whole transmission process simpler and easier. The clock needs its own bandwidth and should be included when determining the total bandwidth required for communication between the two devices.
In general, as mentioned earlier, it is a point-to-point connection from a master (e.g., PLC, Microcontroller) to a slave (e.g. [[rotary encoder]]s). The master controls the clock sequence, and the slave transmits the current data/value through a shift register. When invoked by the master, the data is clocked out from the shift register. The master and slave are synchronized by the common clock of the controller.
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== SSI design ==
The interface has a straightforward design. It consists of
The most straightforward SSI slave interface uses a re-triggerable monostable [[multivibrator]] (monoflop) to freeze the current value of the sensor. The current frozen values of the slave are stored in Shift registers. These values are clocked out sequentially when initiated by the controller.
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