Eastern Java–Bali rain forests: Difference between revisions

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{{Short description|Ecoregion in Eastern Java and Bali}}

{{Infobox ecoregion

|name = Eastern Java-BaliJava–Bali rain forests

|image = Landscape Meru Betiri NP - East Java S4E2410 (30019388522).jpg

|image_size = 300

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|habitat_loss =

|habitat_loss_ref =

|protected = 2.5

|protected_ref = <ref name="dopa"/>

}}

The '''Eastern Java-Bali rain forests''' [[ecoregion]] (WWF ID: IM0113) covers the lowland areas of the eastern half of the island of [[Java]], and the island of [[Bali]], in [[Indonesia]]. This ecoregion is distinct from the [[Eastern Java-Bali montane rain forests]], which exists at higher elevations where mountain forest habitat dominates. Very little of the natural lowland rainforest remains in its pre-human settlement state.<ref name="wwf">{{cite web|title=Eastern Java-Bali rain forests|url=https://www.worldwildlife.org/ecoregions/im0113|publisher=World Wildlife Federation|language=en|access-date=March 21, 2020}}</ref><ref name="ecomap">{{cite web|title=Map of Ecoregions 2017|url=https://ecoregions2017.appspot.com/|publisher=Resolve, using WWF data|language=en|access-date=September 14, 2019}}</ref><ref name="dopa">{{cite web|title=Eastern Java-Bali rain forests|url=https://dopa-explorer.jrc.ec.europa.eu/ecoregion/40113|publisher=Digital Observatory for Protected Areas|language=en|access-date=August 1, 2020}}</ref><ref name="eoe">{{cite web|title=Eastern Java-Bali rain forests|url=https://editors.eol.org/eoearth/wiki/Eastern_Java-Bali_rain_forests|publisher=The Encyclopedia of Earth|language=en|access-date=August 28, 2020}}</ref>

{{Category:Ecoregion |}}

== Location and description ==

The ecoregion covers the lowlands of the eastern half of Java and Bali. Also included are [[Madura Island]] and the [[Kangean Islands]] off the north coast of Java. The soil is mostly volcanic and alluvial deposits due to the large, active volcanoes in the center, and with some uplifted coral limestone.

== Climate ==

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== Flora and fauna ==

About 25% of the region is closed forest, 25% open forest, 35% cultivated/agricultural, and the rest urban or built up.<ref name="dopa"/> Precipitation levels determine much of the forest character. Through the inland lowlands, the forests are moist deciduous, with 1,500–4,000&nbsp;mm of precipitation per year and with a four-six months of dry season. Because precipitation levels decline towards the east of Java, these forests are not as wet as in the west.<ref name="wwf"/> Typical trees in these moist deciduous forests include ''([[Homalium tomentosum]] tomentosum)'', Silksilk trees ''([[Albizia lebbekoides]] lebbekoides)'', and Reonjareonja ''([[Acacia leucophloea]])'', a 20–30 foot tree with yellow flowers.

Along the southern coast of the ecoregion are semi-evergreen rain forests, with higher precipitation levels and only two-four months of dry season. Common south coast trees include ''([[Artocarpus elasticus]])'' (of the mulberry family), Yellow mahogany ''([[Epicharis parasitica]])'' and Duku ''([[Lansium parasiticum]])''. Along the northern coast precipitation levels are dryer (below 1,500&nbsp;mm/year and with more than six months of dry season), resulting in a dry deciduous forest.<ref name="wwf"/>

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== Protected areas ==

Less than 3% of this ecoregion is officially protected. Notable protected areas include:<ref name="dopa"/>

* [[West Bali National Park]]

* [[Meru Betiri National Park]]