Technical features new to Windows Vista: Difference between revisions

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===Other audio enhancements===
* A new set of user interface sounds have been introduced, including a new startup sound created with the help of [[King Crimson]]'s [[Robert Fripp]].<ref name="Channel9Fripp">{{cite web |url=http://channel9.msdn.com/Blogs/scobleizer/Robert-Fripp-Behind-the-scenes-at-Windows-Vista-recording-session |title=Robert Fripp - Behind the scenes at Windows Vista recording session |last=Scoble |first=Robert |author-link=Robert Scoble |date=January 4, 2006 |publisher=[[Microsoft]] |work=[[Channel 9 (Microsoft)|Channel 9]] |access-date=April 25, 2015 |archive-date=March 12, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110312122309/http://channel9.msdn.com/Blogs/scobleizer/Robert-Fripp-Behind-the-scenes-at-Windows-Vista-recording-session |url-status=live }}</ref> The new sounds are intended to complement the [[Windows Aero]] [[graphical user interface]], with the new startup sound consisting of two parallel melodies that are played in an intentional "Win-dows Vis-ta" rhythm. According to [[Jim Allchin]], the new sounds are intended to be gentler and softer than the sounds used in previous versions of Windows.<ref name="WindowsVistaSounds">{{cite web |url=http://windowsvistablog.com/blogs/windowsvista/archive/2006/11/09/the-sounds-of-windows-vista.aspx |title=The Sounds of Windows Vista |last=Allchin |first=Jim |author-link=Jim Allchin |date=November 9, 2006 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061110152317/http://windowsvistablog.com/blogs/windowsvista/archive/2006/11/09/the-sounds-of-windows-vista.aspx |archive-date=November 10, 2006 |publisher=[[Microsoft]] |work=Windows Vista Team Blog |access-date=April 25, 2015}}</ref> Microsoft engineer and musician Steve Ball created the user interface sounds,<ref name="VistaSoundsQ&A">{{Cite web |last=Flores |first=Chris |date=June 13, 2008 |title=Windows Vista Sounds Q&A |url=http://windowsteamblog.com/blogs/windowsvista/archive/2008/06/13/windows-vista-sounds-q-a.aspx |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090509105254/http://windowsteamblog.com/blogs/windowsvista/archive/2008/06/13/windows-vista-sounds-q-a.aspx |archive-date=May 9, 2009 |website=The Windows Blog}}</ref> while the startup sound is a collaboration between three people: [[King Crimson]]'s [[Robert Fripp]] composing the melody and soundscape, [[Tucker Martine]] creating the rhythm, and Ball handling the harmonization and orchestration.<ref name="Channel9Fripp">{{cite web |url=http://channel9.msdn.com/Blogs/scobleizer/Robert-Fripp-Behind-the-scenes-at-Windows-Vista-recording-session |title=Robert Fripp - Behind the scenes at Windows Vista recording session |last=Scoble |first=Robert |author-link=Robert Scoble |date=January 4, 2006 |publisher=[[Microsoft]] |work=[[Channel 9 (Microsoft)|Channel 9]] |access-date=April 25, 2015 |archive-date=March 12, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110312122309/http://channel9.msdn.com/Blogs/scobleizer/Robert-Fripp-Behind-the-scenes-at-Windows-Vista-recording-session |url-status=live }}</ref> Ball also used Fripp and Martine's materials to create the new [[Windows Media Center]] startup sound.<ref name="VistaSoundsQ&A"/>
* The new Volume Mixer displays a percentage value showing the current system volume while the volume level is being changed. Previous versions of Windows only displayed a volume meter.
* Windows Vista also allows controlling system-wide volume or volume of individual audio devices and individual applications separately.<ref name="AudioImprovements"/><ref name="Softpedia">{{cite web |url=http://archive.news.softpedia.com/news/The-Windows-Vista-Volume-Mixer-41882.shtml |title=The Windows Vista Volume Mixer |last=Oiaga |first=Marius |date=December 7, 2006 |publisher=[[Softpedia]] |access-date=April 25, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150214074429/http://archive.news.softpedia.com/news/The-Windows-Vista-Volume-Mixer-41882.shtml |archive-date=February 14, 2015 |url-status=dead |df=mdy-all }}</ref> This feature can be used from the new ''Volume Control'' windows or programmatically using the overhauled audio API. Different sounds can be redirected to different audio devices as well.
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* ''Restart Manager'': The ''Restart Manager'' works with Microsoft's update tools and websites to detect processes that have files in use and to gracefully stop and restart services to reduce the number of reboots required after applying updates as far as possible for higher levels of the software stack. Kernel updates, logically, still require the system to be restarted.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/aa373654.aspx | title=Restart Manager | author=Microsoft | publisher=Microsoft | work=MSDN Library | access-date=2008-12-21 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090112123045/http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/aa373654.aspx | archive-date=2009-01-12 | url-status=dead }}</ref> In addition, the Restart Manager provides a mechanism for applications to stop and then restart programs. Applications that are written specifically to take advantage of the new ''Restart Manager'' features using the API can be restarted and restored to the same state and with the same data as before the restart. Using the ''Application Recovery and Restart'' APIs in conjunction with the ''Restart Manager'' enables applications to control what actions are taken on their behalf by the system when they fail or crash such as recovering unsaved data or documents, restarting the application, and diagnosing and reporting the problem using [[Windows Error Reporting]].
<!-- Deleted image removed: [[Image:Vista Shutdown.png|thumb|right|A screenshot of Windows Vista's shutdown overlay UI|{{deletable image-caption|1=Tuesday, 22 September 2009}}]] -->
* When shutting down or restarting Windows, previous Windows versions either forcibly terminated applications after waiting for few seconds, or allowed applications to entirely cancel shutdown without informing the user. Windows Vista now informs the user in a full-screen interface if there are running applications when exiting Windows orand allows continuing with or cancelling the initiated shutdown. The reason registered, if any, for cancelling a shutdown by an application using the new ''ShutdownBlockReasonCreate'' API is also displayed.<ref>[http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/bb394721.aspx Shutdown Changes for Windows Vista] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110427092544/http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/bb394721.aspx |date=2011-04-27 }} and [http://www.developer.com/net/cplus/article.php/3647411 Handling OS shutdown in Windows Vista] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070429095017/http://www.developer.com/net/cplus/article.php/3647411 |date=2007-04-29 }}</ref>
* ''Clean service shutdown'': Services in Windows Vista have the capability of delaying the system shutdown in order to properly flush data and finish current operations. If the service stops responding, the system terminates it after 3 minutes. Crashes and restart problems are drastically reduced since the Service Control Manager is not terminated by a forced shutdown anymore.
 
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* [[Transactional NTFS]] allows multiple file/folder operations to be treated as a single operation, so that a crash or power failure won't result in half-completed file writes. Transactions can also be extended to multiple machines.
* [[Image Mastering API]] (''IMAPI v2'') enables [[DVD]] burning support for applications, in addition to CD burning.<ref name="WindowsVistaOpticalPlatform">{{cite web |url=http://download.microsoft.com/download/5/b/9/5b97017b-e28a-4bae-ba48-174cf47d23cd/sto068_wh06.ppt |title=Optical Platform: Windows Vista and Beyond |last2=Walp |first2=David |last1=Mangefeste |first1=Tony |date=2006 |publisher=[[Microsoft]] |format=PPT |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110604214913/http://download.microsoft.com/download/5/b/9/5b97017b-e28a-4bae-ba48-174cf47d23cd/STO068_WH06.ppt |archive-date=June 4, 2011 |access-date=December 21, 2015}}</ref> ''IMAPI v2'' supports multiple optical drives, even recording to multiple drives simultaneously, unlike IMAPI in Windows XP which only supported recording with one optical drive at a time.<ref name="WhatsNewIMAPI">{{cite web |url=https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/aa366457.aspx |title=Image Mastering API - What's New |author=[[Microsoft]] |work=[[MSDN]] |access-date=December 21, 2015 |archive-date=April 4, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160404150431/https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/aa366457.aspx |url-status=live }}</ref> In addition, multiple filesystems are supported. Applications using ''IMAPI v2'' can create, and burn [[disc image]]s—it is extensible in the sense that developers can write their own specific media formats and create their own file systems for its programming interfaces.<ref name="WindowsVistaOpticalPlatform"/> ''IMAPI v2'' is implemented as a [[Dynamic-link library|DLL]] rather than as a [[Windows service|service]] as was the case in [[Windows XP]],<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://forums.microsoft.com/MSDN/ShowPost.aspx?PostID=1105007&SiteID=1 |title=IMAPI 2.0 is a DLL, not a Windows service |access-date=2012-08-02 |archive-date=2012-08-02 |archive-url=http://webarchive.loc.gov/all/20120802025110/http://forums.microsoft.com/MSDN/ShowPost.aspx?PostID=1105007&SiteID=1 |url-status=dead }}</ref> and is also scriptable using [[VBScript]].<ref name="WindowsVistaOpticalPlatform"/> ''IMAPI v2'' is also available for Windows XP.<ref name="IMAPIUpdateDes">{{cite web |url=https://support.microsoft.com/en-us/kb/952011 |title=Description of the Image Mastering API v2.0 (IMAPIv2.0) update package in Windows Feature Pack for Storage 1.0 |author=[[Microsoft]] |work=Support |access-date=December 21, 2015 |archive-date=January 14, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160114030139/https://support.microsoft.com/en-us/kb/952011 |url-status=live }}</ref> With the Windows Feature Pack for Storage installed, ''IMAPI 2.0'' supports Recordable Blu-ray Disc ([[BD-R]]) and Rewritable Blu-ray Disc ([[BD-RE]]) media as well.<ref name="IMAPIUpdateDes"/> Windows DVD Maker can burn [[DVD-Video]] discs, while Windows Explorer can burn data on DVDs ([[DVD±R]], DVD±R DL, DVD±R RW) in addition to [[DVD-RAM]] and CDs.
* [[Live File System]]: A writable [[Universal Disk Format|UDF]] file system.<ref name="WindowsVistaOpticalPlatform"/> The Windows [[Universal Disk Format|UDF]] file system (UDFS) implementation was read-only in OS releases prior to Windows Vista. In Windows Vista, [[Mount Rainier (packet writing)|Packet writing]] (incremental writing) is supported by UDFS, which can now format and write to all mainstream optical media formats ([[Magneto-optical drive|MO]], CDR/RW, DVD+R/RW, DVD-R/RW/RAM). Write support is included for UDF format versions up to and including 2.50, with read support up to 2.60. UDF symbolic links, however, are not supported.<ref name="FilingCabinet">{{cite web |url=https://blogs.technet.com/filecab/articles/454702.aspx |title=Universal Disk FOrmat (UDF) Beta Chat Transcript (September 01, 2006) |publisher=[[Microsoft]] |work=MSDN Blogs |access-date=December 21, 2015 |archive-date=February 28, 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090228015926/http://blogs.technet.com/filecab/articles/454702.aspx |url-status=live }}</ref>
* [[Common Log File System]] (CLFS) API provides a high-performance, general-purpose log-file subsystem that dedicated user-mode and kernel-mode client applications can use and multiple clients can share to optimize log access and for data and event management.
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* Signed drivers are required for usage of PUMA, PAP (Protected Audio Path), and PVP-OPM subsystems.
* Driver packages that are used to install driver software are copied in their entirety into a "Driver Store", which is a repository of driver packages and located in <code>C:\Windows\System32\DriverStore</code>. In essence, DriverStore is similar to [[WinSxS]] but stored for device drivers. This ensures that drivers that need to be repaired or reinstalled won't need to ask for source media to get "fresh" files. The Driver Store can also be preloaded with drivers by an OEM or IT administrator to ensure that commonly used devices (e.g. external peripherals shipped with a computer system, corporate printers) can be installed immediately. Adding, removing and viewing drivers from the "Driver Store" is done using {{mono|PnPUtil.exe}}<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://support.microsoft.com/kb/937793 |title=The staging and the installation of driver packages by using the PnP Utility (Pnputil.exe) in Windows Vista |access-date=2007-10-27 |archive-date=2009-07-22 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090722095346/http://support.microsoft.com/kb/937793 |url-status=live }}</ref> A new setting in [[Device Manager]] allows deleting the drivers from the Driver Store when uninstalling the hardware.
* Since Windows Vista, there has a "delete the driver software for this device" clickbox in confirmation dialog when uninstalling a hardware device in Device Manager.
* Support for [[Windows Error Reporting]]; information on an "unknown device" is reported to Microsoft when a driver cannot be found on the system, via Windows Update, or supplied by the user. OEMs can hook into this system to provide information that can be returned to the user, such as a formal statement of non-support of a device for Windows Vista, or a link to a web site with support information, drivers, etc.
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{{main|Windows Vista I/O technologies}}
 
* '''[[Windows Vista I/O technologies#SuperFetch|SuperFetch]]''' caches frequently- used applications and documents in memory, and keeps track of when commonly used applications are usually loaded, so that they can be pre-cached and it also prioritizes the programs currently used over background tasks. SuperFetch aims to negate the negative performance effect of having anti-virus or backup software run when the user is not at the computer. Superfetch is able to learn at what time of a given day an application is used and so it can be pre-cached.
* '''[[ReadyBoost]]''', makes PCs running Windows Vista more responsive by using [[flash memory]] on a [[USB flash drive|USB drive]] (USB 2.0 only), [[SD card]], [[Compact Flash]], or other form of flash memory, in order to boost system performance. When such a device is plugged in, the Windows [[Autoplay]] dialog offers an additional option to use it to speed up the system; an additional "ReadyBoost" tab is added to the drive's properties dialog where the amount of space to be used can be configured.<ref name="readyboostJim Allchin">{{cite web
| url=http://blogs.msdn.com/tomarcher/archive/2006/04/14/576548.aspx