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The '''Uni'''versal '''L'''inear '''Ac'''celerator is a [[heavy ion]] [[linear particle accelerator | linac]] based at the Heavy Ion Research Centre ([[Gesellschaft für Schwerionenforschung|'''GSI''']]) near [[Darmstadt]], [[Germany]]. It can provide beams of accelerated [[ion]]s of elements from [[proton]] to [[Uranium]] with energies up to 11.4 [[MeV]] / [[atomic mass unit | u]].

The main branch consists of two ions sources terminals followed by a [[Radio Frequency Quadrupole (RFQ)]] and by an Intergidigital linac [[IH linac accelerator]] resonating at 36 MHz up to the energy of 1.4 MeV/u. The main part then is operated by a classical [[linac]] of the Alvarez type which resonates at 108 MHz. Final energy adjustmnet can be performed in the last section which consists of a series of single gap resonators. This solutions was proposed in order to achieve the maximum flexibility in beam energy.

[[File:Part of UNILAC GSI.jpg|thumb|300px|Part of UNILAC GSI]]

The '''Universal Linear Accelerator (UNILAC)''' is a [[heavy ion]] [[linear particle accelerator|linac]] based at the [[GSI Helmholtz Centre for Heavy Ion Research]] near [[Darmstadt]], [[Germany]]. It can provide beams of accelerated [[ion]]s of elements from [[hydrogen]] to [[uranium]] with energies of 2 to 11.4&nbsp;[[MeV]]/[[Dalton (unit)|Da]].<ref>{{cite journal|last=Barth|first=W.|author2=Bayer, W. |author3=Dahl, L. |author4=Groening, L. |author5=Richter, S. |author6= Yaramyshev, S. |title=Upgrade program of the high current heavy ion UNILAC as an injector for FAIR|journal=Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment|year=2007|volume=577|issue=1–2|pages=211–214|doi=10.1016/j.nima.2007.02.054|bibcode = 2007NIMPA.577..211B }}</ref>

The main branch consists of two ionsion sourcessource terminals followed by a [[Radio Frequency Quadrupole (RFQ)]] and by an IntergidigitalInterdigital linac [[IH linac accelerator]] resonating at 36 &nbsp;MHz up to the energy of 1.4 &nbsp;MeV/uDa. The main part then is operated by a classical [[linac]] of the Alvarez type which resonates at 108 &nbsp;MHz. Final energy adjustmnetadjustment can be performed in the last section which consistsconsisting of a series of single -gap resonators. This solutionssolution was proposed in order to achieve thefor maximum flexibility in beam energy.

The UNILAC is used both to send beams of heavy ions to experiments and to load the [[SIS18]] Heavy-Ion Synchrotron (Schwer-Ionen-Synchrotron) with high-energy ions.

Collisions between heavy-ion beams and stationary targets can be made to generate superheavy [[transactinides | transactinide elements]].

Experiments using beams from UNILAC have produced, in the past 20 years, have produced elements [[unnilseptiumBohrium|107]] to [[ununbiumCopernicium|112]].

== See also ==

* [[GSI Helmholtz Centre for Heavy Ion Research]]

== References ==

{{reflist}}

[[Category:Nuclear physicsDarmstadt]]

[[Category:Particle physics facilitiesaccelerators]]

[[Category:Articles lacking sources (Erik9bot)]]

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[[fr:UNILAC]]

[[it:Universal linear accelerator]]