Universal linear accelerator: Difference between revisions

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[[File:Part of UNILAC GSI.jpg|thumb|300px|Part of UNILAC GSI]]

The '''Universal Linear Accelerator (UNILAC)''' is a [[heavy ion]] [[linear particle accelerator|linac]] based at the [[GSI Helmholtz Centre for Heavy Ion Research]] near [[Darmstadt]], [[Germany]]. It can provide beams of accelerated [[ion]]s of elements from [[hydrogen]] to [[uranium]] with energies up to 11.4 [[MeV]] / [[atomic mass unit|u]].<ref>{{cite journal|last=Barth|first=W.|coauthors=Bayer, W.; Dahl, L.; Groening, L.; Richter, S.; Yaramyshev, S.|title=Upgrade program of the high current heavy ion UNILAC as an injector for FAIR|journal=Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment|date=NaN undefined NaN|volume=577|issue=1-2|pages=211–214|doi=10.1016/j.nima.2007.02.054}}</ref>

The '''Universal Linear Accelerator (UNILAC)''' is a [[heavy ion]] [[linear particle accelerator|linac]] based at the [[GSI Helmholtz Centre for Heavy Ion Research]] near [[Darmstadt]], [[Germany]]. It can provide beams of accelerated [[ion]]s of elements from [[hydrogen]] to [[uranium]] with energies upof 2 to 11.4 &nbsp;[[MeV]] / [[atomic massDalton (unit)|uDa]].<ref>{{cite journal|last=Barth|first=W.|coauthorsauthor2=Bayer, W.; |author3=Dahl, L.; |author4=Groening, L.; |author5=Richter, S.; |author6= Yaramyshev, S. |title=Upgrade program of the high current heavy ion UNILAC as an injector for FAIR|journal=Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment|dateyear=NaN undefined NaN2007|volume=577|issue=1-21–2|pages=211–214|doi=10.1016/j.nima.2007.02.054|bibcode = 2007NIMPA.577..211B }}</ref>

The main branch consists of two ion source terminals followed by a [[Radio Frequency Quadrupole]] and by an Interdigital linac [[IH linac accelerator]] resonating at 36&nbsp;MHz up to the energy of 1.4 MeV/u. The main part then is operated by a classical [[linac]] of the Alvarez type which resonates at 108&nbsp;MHz. Final energy adjustmnet can be performed in the last section consisting of a series of single-gap resonators. This solution was proposed for maximum flexibility in beam energy.

The main branch consists of two ion source terminals followed by a [[Radio Frequency Quadrupole]] and by an Interdigital linac [[IH linac accelerator]] resonating at 36&nbsp;MHz up to the energy of 1.4 &nbsp;MeV/uDa. The main part then is operated by a classical [[linac]] of the Alvarez type which resonates at 108&nbsp;MHz. Final energy adjustmnetadjustment can be performed in the last section consisting of a series of single-gap resonators. This solution was proposed for maximum flexibility in beam energy.

The UNILAC is used both to send beams of heavy ions to experiments and to load the [[SIS18]] Heavy-Ion Synchrotron (Schwer-Ionen-Synchrotron) with high-energy ions.

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Experiments using beams from UNILAC in the past 20 years have produced elements [[Bohrium|107]] to [[Copernicium|112]].

== See also ==

* [[GSI Helmholtz Centre for Heavy Ion Research]]

== References ==

{{Reflistreflist}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Universal Linear Accelerator}}

[[Category:Nuclear physics]]

[[Category:Particle physics facilities]]

[[Category:Nuclear physicsDarmstadt]]

[[Category:Particle physics facilitiesaccelerators]]

{{Accelerator-stub}}