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== Empirical studies ==
Many empirical studies have found evidence for the theory.
Some studies have found that humans can detect snake images before subjective visual perception.<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Ohman|first1=A.|last2=Soares|first2=J. J.|title=On the automatic nature of phobic fear: conditioned electrodermal responses to masked fear-relevant stimuli|journal=Journal of Abnormal Psychology|date=1993|volume=102|issue=1|pages=121–132|pmid=8436688|issn=0021-843X|doi=10.1037/0021-843X.102.1.121}}</ref> However, the pre-conscious detection of snake stimuli is still under debate by the scientific community.<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Grassini|first1=Simone|last2=Holm|first2=Suvi K.|last3=Railo|first3=Henry|last4=Koivisto|first4=Mika|title=Who is afraid of the invisible snake? Subjective visual awareness modulates posterior brain activity for evolutionarily threatening stimuli|journal=Biological Psychology|date=1 December 2016|volume=121|issue=Part A|pages=53–61|doi=10.1016/j.biopsycho.2016.10.007|pmid=27760371|s2cid=9516831}}</ref>
Regardless,
According to the snake detection theory, this is because the [[arachnid]]s were, historically, a less relevant threat to primates.<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Öhman|first1=Arne|last2=Soares|first2=Sandra C.|last3=Juth|first3=Pernilla|last4=Lindström|first4=Björn|last5=Esteves|first5=Francisco|title=Evolutionary derived modulations of attention to two common fear stimuli: Serpents and hostile humans|journal=Journal of Cognitive Psychology|date=1 February 2012|volume=24|issue=1|pages=17–32|doi=10.1080/20445911.2011.629603|s2cid=146142767|issn=2044-5911}}</ref> Snake stimuli are particularly distracting during perceptual tasks, suggesting that the brain preferentially processes snake stimuli, even when attentional processes are demanded by other targets.<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Soares|first1=Sandra C.|title=The lurking snake in the grass: interference of snake stimuli in visually taxing conditions|journal=Evolutionary Psychology|date=15 April 2012|volume=10|issue=2|pages=187–197|doi=10.1177/147470491201000202|pmid=22947633|s2cid=34814663|issn=1474-7049|doi-access=free|hdl=10316/102719|hdl-access=free|pmc=10481044}}</ref>
Enhanced snake detection has also been found in young children.<ref>{{cite journal|last1=LoBue|first1=Vanessa|last2=DeLoache|first2=Judy S.|title=Detecting the Snake in the Grass: Attention to Fear-Relevant Stimuli by Adults and Young Children|journal=Psychological Science|date=1 March 2008|volume=19|issue=3|pages=284–289|doi=10.1111/j.1467-9280.2008.02081.x|pmid=18315802|s2cid=12776572|language=en|issn=0956-7976}}</ref>
Brain imaging investigations have found further evidence for the theory. Support for the idea of a high visual sensitivity to snakes has been proven in primate neural activity in response to snake threats.<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Van Le|first1=Quan|last2=Isbell|first2=Lynne A.|last3=Matsumoto|first3=Jumpei|last4=Nguyen|first4=Minh|last5=Hori|first5=Etsuro|last6=Maior|first6=Rafael S.|last7=Tomaz|first7=Carlos|last8=Tran|first8=Anh Hai|last9=Ono|first9=Taketoshi|last10=Nishijo|first10=Hisao|title=Pulvinar neurons reveal neurobiological evidence of past selection for rapid detection of snakes|journal=Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America|date=19 November 2013|volume=110|issue=47|pages=19000–19005|doi=10.1073/pnas.1312648110|pmid=24167268|issn=1091-6490|pmc=3839741|bibcode=2013PNAS..11019000V|doi-access=free}}</ref> Non-invasive electroencephalogram ([[EEG]]) studies have found an enhanced visual brain activity in response to images of snakes in humans.<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Van Strien|first1=J. W.|last2=Eijlers|first2=R.|last3=Franken|first3=I. H. A.|last4=Huijding|first4=J.|title=Snake pictures draw more early attention than spider pictures in non-phobic women: evidence from event-related brain potentials|journal=Biological Psychology|date=2014|volume=96|pages=150–157|doi=10.1016/j.biopsycho.2013.12.014|pmid=24374241|issn=1873-6246|url=http://repub.eur.nl/pub/51065|hdl=1765/51065|s2cid=16106346|hdl-access=free}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|last1=Van Strien|first1=Jan W.|last2=Franken|first2=Ingmar H. A.|last3=Huijding|first3=Jorg|title=Testing the snake-detection hypothesis: larger early posterior negativity in humans to pictures of snakes than to pictures of other reptiles, spiders and slugs|journal=Frontiers in Human Neuroscience|date=2014|volume=8|pages=691|doi=10.3389/fnhum.2014.00691|pmid=25237303|pmc=4154444|issn=1662-5161|doi-access=free}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|last1=Van Strien|first1=Jan W.|last2=Christiaans|first2=Gerwin|last3=Franken|first3=Ingmar H. A.|last4=Huijding|first4=Jorg|title=Curvilinear shapes and the snake detection hypothesis: An ERP study|journal=Psychophysiology|date=2016|volume=53|issue=2|pages=252–257|doi=10.1111/psyp.12564|pmid=26481589|hdl=1874/322508 |issn=1540-5958|hdl-access=free}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|last1=He|first1=Hongshen|last2=Kubo|first2=Kenta|last3=Kawai|first3=Nobuyuki|title=Spiders do not evoke greater early posterior negativity in the event-related potential as snakes|journal=NeuroReport|date=10 September 2014|volume=25|issue=13|pages=1049–1053|doi=10.1097/WNR.0000000000000227|pmid=25026534|s2cid=27839800|issn=1473-558X}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|last1=Grassini|first1=Simone|last2=Holm|first2=Suvi K.|last3=Railo|first3=Henry|last4=Koivisto|first4=Mika|title=Who is afraid of the invisible snake? Subjective visual awareness modulates posterior brain activity for evolutionarily threatening stimuli|journal=Biological Psychology|date=2016|volume=121|issue=Pt A|pages=53–61|doi=10.1016/j.biopsycho.2016.10.007|pmid=27760371|s2cid=9516831|issn=1873-6246}}</ref>
== References ==
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