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{{Short description|Eastern Orthodox church in Dnipro, Ukraine}}
{{coord|48|27|29.71|N|35|03|59.89|E|display=title}}▼
{{Infobox church
[[File:Панораму двору Спасо-Преображенського кафедрального собору.jpg|thumb|325px|]]▼
| name = Transfiguration Cathedral
| other name = Saviour's Transfiguration Cathedral
| native_name = Спасо-Преображенський кафедральний собор
| native_name_lang = uk
| imagesize = 300px
| caption = The cathedral in 2014
▲| coordinates = {{coord|48|27|29.71|N|35|03|59.89|E|format=dms|type:landmark_region:UA-46|display=inline,title}}
| ___location = [[Dnipro]]
| country = Ukraine
| address = 1 Soborna Square
| denomination = [[Eastern Orthodoxy]]
| founded date = 1786
| founder = [[Grigory Potemkin]]
| dedication = [[Transfiguration of Jesus]]
| consecrated date = 1835
| status = Active
| functional status = [[Metropolitan Cathedral]]
| dome quantity = 1
| architectural type = [[Cathedral]]
| years built = 1787–1835
| completed date = 1835
| archdiocese = [[Ukrainian Orthodox Church (Moscow Patriarchate)|Ukrainian Orthodox Church]]
| embedded = {{Infobox historic site |embed = yes |designation1 = UKRAINE NATIONAL |designation1_offname = {{Lang|uk|Преображенський собор}} (''Transfiguration Cathedral'') |designation1_type = Architecture |designation1_number = 040040}}
}}
The '''Saviour's Transfiguration Cathedral''' ({{langx|uk|Спасо-Преображенський кафедральний собор}}, {{langx|ru|Спасо-Преображенский собор}}) is the main [[Eastern Orthodox Church|Orthodox]] church of [[Dnipro]], [[Ukraine]]. It is one of the cathedrals of the Dnipropetrovsk Diocese (previously Katerynoslav) of the [[Ukrainian Orthodox Church (Moscow Patriarchate)|Ukrainian Orthodox Church]], the cathedral was dedicated in remembrance of the [[Transfiguration of Jesus|Transfiguration of the Lord]].<ref name=":3">{{Cite web |title=#МандруйУкраїною |url=https://discover.ua/locations/spaso-preobrazhenskiy-sobor2 |access-date=2024-03-15 |website=discover.ua |language=uk}}</ref>
== Design ==
The foundation stone was laid on {{OldStyleDate|20 May|1787|9 May}} by [[Catherine II of Russia]] and Austrian Emperor [[Emperor Joseph II|Joseph II]], during Catherine's [[Crimean journey of Catherine the Great|Crimean journey]].<ref name="sobor"/> The event is described in the memoirs of [[Louis Philippe, comte de Ségur|comte de Ségur]]. Prince [[Grigory Potemkin]] envisioned the church as one of the spiritual centres of [[New Russia]].<ref name="sobor">[http://gorod.dp.ua/history/article_ru.php?article=124 Gorod.dp.ua]</ref> [[Ivan Starov]] submitted to Potemkin his designs for a Roman-style [[basilica]], but construction was postponed until the end of the [[Russo-Turkish War (1787–1792)|Russo-Turkish War]].▼
The notion that the city's principal structure, the Transfiguration Cathedral, ought to have been constructed in accordance with the plans of [[St. Peter's Basilica]] in [[Rome]] has been deeply ingrained in Dnipro [[literature]] for over 200 years. The cathedral was considered a broad emblem of the vast [[Socioeconomics|socioeconomic]] and cultural changes occurring in the recently joined Southern Territory of the [[Russian Empire]].<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Спасо-Преображенський собор: історія кафедрального храму Дніпра |url=https://www.dnipro.libr.dp.ua/richka_Dnipro_naberejna |access-date=2024-03-15 |website=www.dnipro.libr.dp.ua |language=uk}}</ref>
The National Russian Military Historical Archive in [[Moscow]] is home to the original Transfiguration Cathedral projects. It is thought that Claude Gerua, an architect, owns them. The cathedral is an imposing [[basilica]] with five [[Nave|naves]]. The cathedral is adorned with [[Portico|porticoes]], which include an eight-column [[Corinthian order]] portico on the main façade and six-column porticoes on the side facades, in addition to the enormous dome that above the house. An inscription-adorned copper gilt mortgage board is set in a particular ___location in the altar's foundations for the future temple. It was subsequently discovered during the 1830 laying and positioned in the newly laid foundation of the current structure.<ref name=":0" />
The cathedral is designed in a T-shape and was constructed in the [[Neoclassical architecture|Neoclassical style]]. The front portion of it is enlarged to form two borders, one on the left side honoring the [[Catherine of Alexandria|Great Martyr Catherine]] and the other on the right side honoring [[Saint Nicholas]]. A dome rising above the central pre-altar section, each with a diameter exceeding {{Convert|8|m}}, are supported by the vault's four rectangular sails. The walls include sixteen elongated windows that display eight [[Biblical prophet|biblical prophets]]. Directly underneath are pictures of the four [[Evangelists (Christianity)|evangelists]], Matthew, Mark, Luke, and John, painted on the vaults.<ref name=":3" /><ref name=":4">{{Cite web |last= |date=2017-01-27 |title=Спасо-Преображенський кафедральний собор - Дніпро |url=https://i-love-ukraine.vpoltave.net/sobori/spaso-preobrazenskii-kafedralnii-sobor-dnipro |access-date=2024-03-15 |website=Я кохаю Україну - цікаві місця |language=uk}}</ref>
==
▲In both of the city's first master designs, the notion of a grand temple serving as the center of the new [[Katerynoslav]] was prioritized.<ref name=":0" /> The foundation stone was laid on {{OldStyleDate|20 May|1787|9 May}} by [[
{{reflist}}▼
Construction was severely delayed by the [[Russo-Turkish War (1787–1792)|Russo-Turkish War]], which broke out a few months after the cathedral was laid and lasted until 1791. Specifically, financing has all but halted. It should be remembered, nevertheless, that the foundation was constructed during the war, with the major construction completed in the next two years. On {{OldStyleDate|5 October|1791|16}}, however, with the unexpected death of Potemkin, difficulties arose in the construction of a new Katerynoslav.<ref name=":0" />
<center><gallery>▼
File:Sviato-Preobrazhenskyi Cathedral Dnepropetrovks 2.jpg|The interior▼
File:Spaso Preobrazhensky Cathedral Dnepropetrovsk. 03.JPG|The [[Eye of Providence]] on the pediment▼
File:Преображенский Собор.jpg|One of the gates to the cathedral compound▼
File:Sviato-Preobrazhenskyi Cathedral Dnepropetrovks 3.jpg|Candles burning▼
</gallery></center>▼
It was discovered that the cathedral was constructed simultaneously on two projects following the Potemkin's death. Furthermore, construction officials have already expressed dissatisfaction about their inability to identify the precise tasks that were completed.<ref name=":0" />
==External links==▼
* [http://sketchup.google.com/3dwarehouse/details?mid=eb88a2fa20eafde781b0d56f7467d8ca 3D-model ''Transfiguration Cathedral, Dnipropetrovs'k'' in the '3D Buildings' layer inside Google Earth]▼
On 29 March 1806, Emperor [[Alexander I of Russia|Alexander I]] ordered the plans were revived and updated by [[Armand Emmanuel de Vignerot du Plessis, 5th Duke of Richelieu|Duc de Richelieu]], but construction did not start until 1830. Emperor Alexander I issued an edict on 8 February 1807, to set aside 69,550 rubles and begin work within three years.<ref name=":0" /> Under the leadership of Archbishop Gabriel,<ref name=":3" /> the cathedral was built on a smaller scale than originally planned,<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |title=Спасо-Преображенський кафедральний собор |url=http://tourism.dp.gov.ua/objects/spaso-preobrazhenskyy-kafedralnyy-sobor/ |access-date=2024-03-15 |website=DniproViews |language=uk}}</ref> and was [[Sacredness|consecrated]] in 1835. The design is attributed to [[Andreyan Zakharov]], chiefly on the ground of its similarity to [[Saint Andrew's Cathedral, Kronstadt|Zakharov's cathedral]] in [[Kronstadt]].<ref name="sobor" /> The building was damaged by an [[earthquake]] in 1888 and later by bombs during the [[Second World War]].<ref name=":2">[http://ua.vlasenko.net/_pgs/dnipropetrovska.html UA.vlasenko.net]</ref>
When it was built on one of the hills beside the [[Dnieper]], it became a representation of how the [[steppe]] area was changing and becoming a city. The cathedral was closed in 1930, and was supposed to be demolished after the [[October Revolution|1917 October Revolution]]<ref name=":5">{{Cite web |title=Спасо-Преображенський кафедральний собор Дніпропетровська, тури і подорожі в Україні, фото, відпочинок |url=https://snap.com.ua/travel/spaso-preobrazhenskiy-kafedralniy-sobor-dnipropetrovska |access-date=2024-03-15 |website=snap.com.ua}}</ref> to make way for a monument honoring the head of the global proletariat was to be built in its stead.<ref name=":1" /> During the [[Eastern Front (World War II)|Great Patriotic War]], the cathedral continued work under the pretense of a museum. Services were temporarily restored here in 1941 with the approval of the [[Reichskommissariat Ukraine|German authorities]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Преображенський собор, Дніпро: інформація, фото, відгуки |url=https://travels.in.ua/uk/object/630 |access-date=2024-03-15 |website=travels.in.ua |language=en}}</ref> The diocesan bishops' and clergymen's resting places are currently located on the cathedral grounds, and next to the central gate lies the mass grave of those slain in 1941 in surrounding streets.<ref name=":4" /> But eventually, nearly everything in the church was destroyed by fire, including a [[iconostasis]] and the bell tower's upper level. As for the church itself, it was converted into the Zorya publishing house's paper storage.<ref name=":5" /><ref name=":4" />
However, historian [[Dmytro Yavornytsky]] suggested establishing an [[Atheism|atheist]] museum inside the structure from 1975 and 1988.<ref name=":2" /> The cathedral's distinctive [[iconostasis]] was kept in its original ___location on the pretense of historical significance, and the bell, which weighed four hundred beds, was hidden behind the church's gate.<ref name=":1" /> The cathedral's grounds housed the Museum of Religion and Atheism until 1992.<ref name=":6">{{Cite web |title=Спасо-Преображенський кафедральний собор |url=https://travel-guide.in.ua/uk/place/59/spaso-preobrazhenskii-kafedralnii-sobor |access-date=2024-03-15 |website=travel-guide.in.ua |language=uk}}</ref><ref name=":4" />
The cathedral underwent extensive renovation that started in the middle of the 1990s and was completed in the first part of the 2000s. The building's façade were all repaired. The goal of interior restoration was to restore the spaces as closely as possible to their original state.<ref name=":6" /> On the other hand, a number of retreats were made concurrently, and in particular, some well-preserved mid-19th-century [[Fresco|fresco pieces]] were removed. The temple's interior decor was virtually completely redone. Based on the only surviving early 20th-century photo, the cathedral's iconostasis was repaired.<ref name=":0" /> The biggest bell-allebefactor was placed and dedicated in the cathedral in 2008.<ref name=":6" /><ref>{{Cite web |title=Спасо-Преображенський кафедральний собор (Дніпропетровськ) |url=https://ua.igotoworld.com/ua/poi_object/2368_savior-transfiguration-cathedral.htm |access-date=2024-03-15 |website=UA.IGotoWorld.com |language=uk}}</ref>
== Gallery ==
▲File:Sviato-Preobrazhenskyi Cathedral Dnepropetrovks 2.jpg|The cathedral's interior in 2007
▲File:Sviato-Preobrazhenskyi Cathedral Dnepropetrovks 3.jpg|
▲File:Spaso Preobrazhensky Cathedral Dnepropetrovsk. 03.JPG|The [[Eye of Providence]] on the pediment in 2013
▲File:Преображенский Собор.jpg|One of the gates to the cathedral's compound in 2013
File:Спасо-Преображенський собор у Дніпропетровську.jpg|The cathedral's [[bell tower]] in 2014
File:Дніпро Спасо-Преображенський кафедральний собор вночі 2023.jpg|The cathedral as seen at night in 2023
== References ==
▲{{reflist}}
▲==External links==
▲* [http://sketchup.google.com/3dwarehouse/details?mid=eb88a2fa20eafde781b0d56f7467d8ca 3D-model ''Transfiguration Cathedral,
{{Cathedrals of Ukraine}}
[[Category:Eastern Orthodox cathedrals in Ukraine]]
[[Category:19th-century Eastern Orthodox church buildings]]
[[Category:Buildings and structures in
▲[[Category:Neoclassical architecture in Ukraine]]
[[Category:Churches completed in 1835]]
[[Category:Ukrainian Orthodox Church (Moscow Patriarchate) cathedrals]]
[[Category:Tourist attractions in Dnipropetrovsk Oblast]]
[[Category:Neoclassical church buildings in Ukraine]]
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