Container port design process: Difference between revisions

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{{cleanup rewrite|date=March 2017}}

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| image1 = Container on barge port.webp

| caption1 = [[Container on barge]] port

| image2 = Intermodal terminal design.webp

| caption2 = [[Intermodal freight transport#Railways and intermodal terminals|Intermodal terminal]]

| footer = 3D conceptual designs using [[SketchUp]] and [[List of 3D rendering software|rendered]] with [[V-Ray]]

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'''Container port design process''' is a set of correlated practices considered during [[container port]] design, aiming to transfer general business mission into detailed design documents for future construction and operation.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=http://www.pianc.org/edits/articleshop.php?id=2014135|title=PIANC - Technical Report article|last=bvba|first=Consonant|website=www.pianc.org|access-date=2016-11-30|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180109181945/http://www.pianc.org/edits/articleshop.php?id=2014135|archive-date=2018-01-09|url-status=dead}}</ref>

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=== Intermodal connections ===

An intermodal connection is a place where [[Rail transport|rail]], [[truck]], [[Container on barge|barge]], and other transport methods converge. Intermodal connection for container terminal mainly consists of road and rail. The capacity of [[Intermodal freight transport|intermodal connection]]---docking and the handling, storage, and transfer of cargo---determines the capability of terminal cargo transportation to/from the land.

== Stakeholders ==

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== Permits ==

Permits are crucial in the designing process. Large scale development projects that have the potential for causing significant adverse environmental impacts need permits to start operation.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.polb.com/economics/contractors/forms_permits/development.asp|title=Port of Long Beach - Harbor Development Permit Applications|website=www.polb.com|access-date=2016-12-05}}</ref> Projects without permits will be identified as an offense. Port needs port permits to open. Environmental permits will be issued by Local Environmental Protection Agencies. Usually include three-part: water side, land side, and air emissions. Permits for ports should include a clean air permit, construction permit, discharge permit, dredge permits, and water discharge permit.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www3www.epa.gov/|title=US Environmental Protection Agency|last=EPA|first=US|website=www3.epa.gov|language=en|access-date=2016-12-05}}</ref>

==Detailed design==

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== Mooring ==

[[Mooring (watercraft)]] infrastructure at a port describes those structures that mooring lines from vessels can tie off to in order to prevent drifting along or away from the wharf face. The mooring structures are called [[cleat (nautical)]] or [[Bollard (mooring)|bollards]], depending on their size and shape. Bollards are designed to handle much larger loads, and in turn, much larger vessels. Manufacturers of these items typically design the items and supply the finished design to the consultant to include in the bid documents.

Cleats and bollards can be found on all different forms of structures. The common one is the wharf face of a terminal. Other locations can include dolphins, which are stand-alone structures that are off the face of the landside infrastructure. Another source can be other barges or sea vessels allowing vessels to tie off to each other.