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{{Short description|Software development kit for iOS}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=June 2017}}
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{{Infobox software
| name
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| screenshot = IOS SDK New Project.png▼
| logo caption = Logo
| screenshot size = 200px▼
| caption = iOS SDK 9.1 included in Xcode 7.1.1.▼
| collapsible = yes▼
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| released = {{Start date and age|2008|03|06}}▼
| programming language =▼
| author =
| operating system = [[macOS]]▼
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| ver layout = <!-- simple (default) or stacked -->
| language = English▼
| latest release version =
| latest release date = <!-- {{Start date and age|YYYY|MM|DD|df=yes/no}} -->
| genre = [[Software development kit]]▼
| latest preview version =
| license =▼
| latest preview date = <!-- {{Start date and age|YYYY|MM|DD|df=yes/no}} -->
| website = [https://developer.apple.com/ Apple Developer]▼
| repo = <!-- {{URL|example.org}} -->
| platform = [[iOS]], [[iPadOS]]
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The '''iOS SDK''' ('''iOS Software Development Kit
The iOS SDK is a free download for users of [[Macintosh
▲The '''iOS SDK (Software Development Kit)''' (formerly '''iPhone SDK''') is a [[software development kit]] developed by [[Apple Inc.]] The kit allows for the development of [[mobile app]]s on Apple's [[iOS]] operating system.
Combined with [[Xcode]], the iOS SDK helps developers write iOS apps using officially supported [[programming
▲The SDK is a free download for users of [[Macintosh|Mac]] personal computers. It is not available for [[Microsoft Windows]] PCs. The SDK contains sets giving developers access to various functions and services of iOS devices, such as hardware and software attributes. It also contains an iPhone [[simulator]] to mimic the look and feel of the device on the computer while developing. New versions of the SDK accompany new versions of iOS. In order to test applications, get technical support, and distribute apps through [[App Store (iOS)|App Store]], developers are required to subscribe to the Apple Developer Program.
While originally developing [[iPhone]] prior to its unveiling in 2007, Apple's then-[[CEO]] [[Steve Jobs]] did not intend to let third-party developers build native apps for the [[iOS]] operating system, instead directing them to make [[web application]]s for the [[Safari (web browser)|Safari web browser]].<ref name="Not native">{{
▲Combined with [[Xcode]], the iOS SDK helps developers write iOS apps using officially supported programming languages, including [[Swift (programming language)|Swift]] and [[Objective-C]]. Other companies have also created tools that allow for the development of native iOS apps using their respective programming languages.
The iOS SDK is a free download for [[Macintosh|Mac]] users.<ref name="CNET about">{{
The SDK contents are separated into the following sets:<ref name="MacRumors SDK">{{
▲== History ==
*[[UIKit]]
▲While originally developing [[iPhone]] prior to its unveiling in 2007, Apple's then-[[CEO]] [[Steve Jobs]] did not intend to let third-party developers build native apps for the [[iOS]] operating system, instead directing them to make [[web application]]s for the [[Safari (web browser)|Safari web browser]].<ref name="Not native">{{cite web |title=Jobs’ original vision for the iPhone: No third-party native apps |url=https://9to5mac.com/2011/10/21/jobs-original-vision-for-the-iphone-no-third-party-native-apps/ |website=9to5Mac |date=October 21, 2011 |accessdate=June 11, 2017}}</ref> However, backlash from developers prompted the company to reconsider,<ref name="Not native"/> with Jobs announcing on October 17, 2007 that Apple would have a [[software development kit]] (SDK) available for developers by February 2008.<ref>{{cite web |first=Geoff |last=Duncan |title=Apple confirms iPhone SDK coming next year |url=https://www.digitaltrends.com/apple/apple-confirms-iphone-sdk-coming-next-year/ |website=[[Digital Trends]] |date=October 17, 2007 |accessdate=June 11, 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Steve Jobs confirms native iPhone SDK by February |url=http://appleinsider.com/articles/07/10/17/steve_jobs_confirms_native_iphone_sdk_by_february |website=AppleInsider |date=October 17, 2007 |accessdate=June 11, 2017}}</ref> The SDK was released on March 6, 2008.<ref>{{cite web |first=Jim |last=Dalrymple |title=Apple unveils iPhone SDK |url=http://www.macworld.com/article/1132400/iphonesdk.html |website=[[Macworld]] |publisher=[[International Data Group]] |date=March 6, 2008 |accessdate=June 11, 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |first=Ryan |last=Block |authorlink=Ryan Block |title=Live from Apple's iPhone SDK press conference |url=https://www.engadget.com/2008/03/06/live-from-apples-iphone-press-conference/ |website=[[Engadget]] |publisher=[[AOL]] |date=March 6, 2008 |accessdate=June 11, 2017}}</ref>
▲== Features ==
▲The iOS SDK is a free download for [[Macintosh|Mac]] users.<ref name="CNET about">{{cite web |first=Jennifer |last=Guevin |title=FAQ: What does the iPhone SDK mean? |url=https://www.cnet.com/news/faq-what-does-the-iphone-sdk-mean/ |website=[[CNET]] |publisher=[[CBS Interactive]] |date=March 6, 2008 |accessdate=June 11, 2017}}</ref> It is not available for [[Microsoft Windows]] personal computers.<ref name="CNET about"/> To test the application, get technical support, and distribute applications through [[App Store (iOS)|App Store]], developers are required to subscribe to the Apple Developer Program.<ref name="CNET about"/>
▲The SDK contents are separated into the following sets:<ref name="MacRumors SDK">{{cite web |first=Arnold |last=Kim |title=Apple Releases iPhone SDK, Demos Spore, Instant Messaging |url=https://www.macrumors.com/2008/03/06/apple-releases-iphone-sdk-demos-spore-instant-messaging/ |website=[[MacRumors]] |date=March 6, 2008 |accessdate=June 11, 2017}}</ref>
**[[Multi-touch]] events and controls
**[[Accelerometer]] support
**View hierarchy
**[[
**[[Camera]] support
*[[Media (communication)|Media]]
**[[OpenAL]]
**[[
**Video playback
**[[Image file format]]s
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**[[OpenGL ES]]
*[[Core Services]]
**[[
**Embedded [[SQLite]] database
**Core Location
**[[
**CoreMotion
*[[XNU|Mac OS X Kernel]]
**[[Transmission Control Protocol|TCP/IP]]
**[[
**[[Power management]]
**[[File system]]
**[[
The SDK also contains an iPhone simulator, a program used to simulate the look and feel of iPhone on the developer's computer.<ref name="MacRumors SDK"/>
New SDK versions accompany new iOS versions.<ref>{{
==
The iOS SDK, combined with [[Xcode]], helps developers write iOS applications using officially supported programming languages, including [[Swift (programming language)|Swift]] and [[Objective-C]].<ref>{{
An .ipa (iOS App Store Package) file is an iOS application archive file which stores an iOS app.
===
In 2008, [[Sun Microsystems]] announced plans to release a [[Java Virtual Machine]] (JVM) for iOS, based on the [[Java Platform, Micro Edition]] version of Java. This would enable Java applications to run on iPhone and iPod Touch.<ref>{{
===
[[Novell]] announced in September 2009 that they had successfully developed [[Mono (software)|MonoTouch]], a [[software framework]] that let developers write native iPhone applications in the [[C Sharp (programming language)|C#]] and [[.NET Framework|.NET]] programming languages, while still maintaining compatibility with Apple's requirements.<ref>{{
===Flash===
iOS does not support [[Adobe Flash]],<ref>{{
In October 2009, Adobe announced that an upcoming update to its [[Creative Suite]] would feature a component to let developers build native iPhone apps using the company's Flash development tools.<ref>{{
===2010
In April 2010, [[Apple and Adobe Flash controversy|Apple made controversial changes]] to its iPhone Developer Agreement, requiring developers to use only "approved" programming languages in order to publish apps on [[App Store (iOS/iPadOS)|App Store]], and banning applications that used third-party development tools; the ban affected Adobe's Packager tool, which converted Flash apps into iOS apps.<ref>{{
▲iOS does not support [[Adobe Flash]],<ref>{{cite web |first=Eric |last=Slivka |title=Steve Jobs Posts 'Thoughts on Flash' Open Letter |url=https://www.macrumors.com/2010/04/29/steve-jobs-posts-thoughts-on-flash-open-letter/ |website=[[MacRumors]] |date=April 29, 2010 |accessdate=June 20, 2017}}</ref> and although [[Adobe Systems|Adobe]] has two versions of its software – Flash and Flash Lite – Apple views neither as suitable for the iPhone, claiming that full Flash is "too slow to be useful" and Flash Lite to be "not capable of being used with the Web."<ref>{{cite web |first=Charles |last=Cooper |title=Adobe bites its tongue after iPhone Flash jab |url=https://www.cnet.com/news/adobe-bites-its-tongue-after-iphone-flash-jab/ |website=[[CNET]] |publisher=[[CBS Interactive]] |date=March 5, 2008 |accessdate=June 20, 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |first=Tom |last=Krazit |title=Adobe realizes SDK not enough for Flash on iPhone |url=https://www.cnet.com/news/adobe-realizes-sdk-not-enough-for-flash-on-iphone/ |website=[[CNET]] |publisher=[[CBS Interactive]] |date=March 19, 2008 |accessdate=June 20, 2017}}</ref>
===Mac Catalyst===
▲In October 2009, Adobe announced that an upcoming update to its [[Creative Suite]] would feature a component to let developers build native iPhone apps using the company's Flash development tools.<ref>{{cite web |first=Jackie |last=Dove |title=Flash-built apps heading for the iPhone |url=http://www.macworld.com/article/1143142/ipflash.html |website=[[Macworld]] |publisher=[[International Data Group]] |date=October 5, 2009 |accessdate=June 20, 2017}}</ref> The software was officially released as part of the company's [[Creative Suite 5]] collection of professional applications.<ref>{{cite web |first=Jackie |last=Dove |title=Adobe unleashes Creative Suite 5 |url=http://www.macworld.com/article/1150522/cs5launch.html |website=[[Macworld]] |publisher=[[International Data Group]] |date=April 11, 2010 |accessdate=June 20, 2017}}</ref>
Originally called "Project Marzipan",<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.CNET.com/news/wwdc-2019-apples-marzipan-is-actually-called-catalyst-and-means-more-ipad-apps-on-your-mac/|title=WWDC 2019: Apple's Marzipan is actually Project Catalyst|website=www.CNET.com|publisher=[[CNET]]|access-date=June 3, 2019}}</ref> Mac Catalyst helps developers bring [[iPadOS]] app experiences to macOS, and make it easier to take apps developed for iPadOS devices to Macs by avoiding the need to write the underlying software code twice.
▲In April 2010, [[Apple and Adobe Flash controversy|Apple made controversial changes]] to its iPhone Developer Agreement, requiring developers to use only "approved" programming languages in order to publish apps on [[App Store (iOS)|App Store]], and banning applications that used third-party development tools.<ref>{{cite web |first=Brian X. |last=Chen |title=Adobe Apps: Easier to Pass Through the ‘i’ of a Needle? |url=https://www.wired.com/2010/04/iphone-developer-policy |website=[[Wired (website)|Wired]] |publisher=[[Condé Nast]] |date=April 8, 2010 |accessdate=June 20, 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |first=John |last=Gruber |authorlink=John Gruber |title=New iPhone Developer Agreement Bans the Use of Adobe’s Flash-to-iPhone Compiler |url=https://daringfireball.net/2010/04/iphone_agreement_bans_flash_compiler |website=Daring Fireball |date=April 8, 2010 |accessdate=June 20, 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |first=Jason |last=Kincaid |title=Apple Gives Adobe The Finger With Its New iPhone SDK Agreement |url=https://techcrunch.com/2010/04/08/adobe-flash-apple-sdk/ |website=[[TechCrunch]] |publisher=[[AOL]] |date=April 8, 2010 |accessdate=June 20, 2017}}</ref> After developer backlash<ref name="guardian-sept2010-changes" /> and news of a potential antitrust investigation,<ref>{{cite web |first=Josh |last=Kosman |title=An antitrust app |url=https://nypost.com/2010/05/03/an-antitrust-app/ |website=[[New York Post]] |publisher=[[News Corp (2013–present)|News Corp]] |date=May 3, 2010 |accessdate=June 20, 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |first=Jacqui |last=Cheng |title=Apple iPhone OS compiler policy may lead to antitrust probe |url=https://arstechnica.com/apple/2010/05/apples-compiler-policy-may-land-it-in-hot-water-with-ftc/ |website=[[Ars Technica]] |publisher=[[Condé Nast]] |date=May 3, 2010 |accessdate=June 20, 2017}}</ref> Apple again revised its agreement in September, allowing the use of third-party development tools.<ref name="guardian-sept2010-changes">{{cite web |first=Charles |last=Arthur |title=Apple opens App Store to programs written in Adobe Flash – and more |url=https://www.theguardian.com/technology/blog/2010/sep/09/apple-app-store-flash-open |website=[[The Guardian]] |publisher=[[Guardian Media Group]] |date=September 9, 2010 |accessdate=June 20, 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |first=Charlie |last=Sorrell |title=Apple eases app development rules, Adobe surges |url=https://www.wired.com/2010/09/apple-lifts-app-store-flash-ban-publishes-app-review-rules |website=[[Wired (website)|Wired]] |publisher=[[Condé Nast]] |date=September 9, 2010 |accessdate=June 20, 2017}}</ref>
==See also==
{{Portal|Software}}
*[[Android software development]]
*[[Qt (software)]]
== External links ==▼
==References==
{{Reflist|
*[https://developer.apple.com/develop/ Bring your ideas to life] at Apple Developer
{{iOS}}
{{Apple
{{Mobile operating systems}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:IOS SDK}}
[[Category:IOS|SDK]]
[[Category:
[[Category:Software development kits]]
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