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Swatjester (talk | contribs) →Short–medium range development: There is no such thing as a CEP of 0.1%. CEP is a distance, definitionally the diameter in which *50%* of ordnance can be expected to impact. |
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The [[History of Pakistan|Zia administration]] acquired Soviet [[Scud missile|Scud]] technology from the former [[Afghan Army|Afghan National Army]], but it provided little benefit to the country's scientists in understanding short-range missile systems.{{rp|235–244}}<ref name="Stanford University Press, Khan, 2012" /> In 1993, the Benazir Bhutto government began secretly procuring the [[DF-11]] from China.<ref name="Janes">{{cite web |title=Hatf 3 (Ghaznavi) (Pakistan), Offensive weapons |url=http://articles.janes.com/articles/Janes-Strategic-Weapon-Systems/Hatf-3-Ghaznavi-Pakistan.html |access-date=16 June 2011 |publisher=Janes}}</ref> While the Chinese short-range missile was not nuclear weapons delivery capable, attempts to reverse engineer its delivery mechanism failed.{{rp|235–244}}<ref name="Stanford University Press, Khan, 2012" />
In 1995, Pakistan initiated a program to develop short-range missiles based on a solid fuel platform, with China providing technological assistance and education in aerospace and controls engineering.{{rp|235–244}}<ref name="Stanford University Press, Khan, 2012" /> To address the deployment limitations of the [[M-11 (missile)|M-11]], the [[Abdali-I|Abdali program]] was designed and implemented by the SUPARCO in 1995, while the [[Ghaznavi (missile)|Ghaznavi program]] was delegated to the [[National Defence Complex]], deriving from M-11 designs.{{rp|235–244}}<ref name="Stanford University Press, Khan, 2012" /><ref name="Janes" /> The Ghaznavi's [[rocket engine]], tested in 1997, was a significant breakthrough
During this time, the [[Shaheen-I|Shaheen program]] was pursued and developed by the [[National Defence Complex]] (NDC). Despite facing technological setbacks the ''Shaheen'' program continued to evolve, producing its first prototype in 1999.<ref name="Khalid Hanif, original article at Jang Newspapers">{{cite web |last1=Khalid |first1=Hanif |title=How 'Shaheen' Was Developed |url=https://fas.org/news/pakistan/1999/fbis-nes-1999-0422.htm |access-date=22 November 2014 |publisher=Khalid Hanif, original article at Jang Newspapers}}</ref> The program proved sustainable, producing improved variants.<ref name="Missile Threat">{{cite web |title=Pakistan Seeks To Counter Indian ABM Defenses |url=http://missilethreat.com/missile-class/shaheen-3/ |access-date=22 November 2014 |website=missilethreat.com |publisher=Missile Threat}}</ref> The [[Ababeel (missile)|Ababeel]] was developed with [[Multiple independently targetable reentry vehicle|MIRV]] capability to counter India's missile defence.<ref>{{cite news |title=Pakistan conducts first flight test of Ababeel surface-to-surface missile |url=http://www.dawn.com/news/1310452/pakistan-conducts-first-flight-test-of-ababeel-surface-to-surface-missile |access-date=24 January 2017 |work=[[Dawn (newspaper)|Dawn]]}}</ref>
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