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{{Short description|
[[File:USA Federal depository library logo.svg|right|thumb|Logo for a Federal Depository Library]]
The '''Federal Depository Library Program''' ('''FDLP''') is a government program created to make [[Federal government of the United States|U.S. federal government]] publications available to the public at no cost.
==History==
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The [[Depository Library Act of 1962]] (DLA) created the present-day FDLP as codified in Title 44, Chapter 19 of the U.S. Code. The DLA allowed two depository libraries in each [[Congressional district]], eliminated postage charges to depository libraries receiving material, provided for the distribution of non-GPO documents, permitted [[Independent agencies of the United States government|independent federal agencies]] to be eligible for depository designation, and created regional depository libraries.
The Government Printing Office Electronic Information Access Enhancement Act of 1993 (P.L. 103-40), codified in Title 44, Chapter 41 of the U.S. Code, requires the Superintendent of Documents to maintain an electronic directory of federal electronic information, provide online access to the ''[[Congressional Record]]'', ''[[Federal Register]]'' and other select publications, and operate an electronic storage facility. The electronic service now includes over 2,200 [[Database|databases]] and is available via http://www.govinfo.gov.
On January 4, 2020, the FDLP website was hacked and [[Website defacement|defaced]] with pro-Iranian/anti-US messaging in response to the [[2020 Baghdad International Airport airstrike|American airstrike]] that killed [[Qasem Soleimani]], the commander of Iran's [[Quds Force]].<ref>{{cite web|title=U.S. government website hacked and defaced by Iranian hackers|url=https://bnonews.com/index.php/2020/01/u-s-government-website-hacked-and-defaced-by-iranian-hackers/|publisher=[[BNO News]]|access-date=January 4, 2020|archive-date=January 5, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200105191305/https://bnonews.com/index.php/2020/01/u-s-government-website-hacked-and-defaced-by-iranian-hackers/|url-status=live}}</ref> The FDLP site was taken offline,<ref name="Offline">{{Cite news|url=https://www.cnn.com/2020/01/04/politics/dhs-hack-website-trump-trnd/index.html|title=DHS monitoring apparent hack of government library program website|author=Geneva Sands and Caroline Kelly|date=January 5, 2020|access-date=January 5, 2020|publisher=CNN|archive-date=January 5, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200105035422/https://www.cnn.com/2020/01/04/politics/dhs-hack-website-trump-trnd/index.html|url-status=live}}</ref> then restored the next day following a [[Computer security|security analysis]].<ref name="Chiu2020">{{cite
==Structure==
[[File:Federal Depository Library Program sign.jpg|thumb|A sign notifying the public that this library is a designated depository of the FDLP]]
The [[Government Publishing Office]] (GPO) is responsible for printing and distributing government documents and overseeing the FDLP. There are several important individuals in charge of maintaining the link between GPO and the FDLP:
* The Director of the [[U.S. Government Publishing Office]], formerly the [[Public Printer]], is responsible for overseeing the FDLP and for designating certain depository libraries. His or her [[nomination]] must be approved by the [[Joint Committee on Printing]].
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* The Depository Library Council to the Public Printer (DLC) was created in 1972 and serves as an advisory committee to the Public Printer and the Superintendent of Documents. The DLC addresses such issues as improving public access, optimizing resources, indexing and classification, format, storage and administration. The Council consists of fifteen members who are appointed by the Public Printer, and they serve three year terms, with five members retiring and five new members stepping in each year. The Council meets at least twice per year.
=== Types of depository libraries ===
There are two types of depository libraries:
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# Selective depository library. There may only be two selective depositories per Congressional district; there may be more only in the event that a Congressional district has been reconfigured after a decennial [[United States census|census]]. Selective depositories choose to receive certain classes of documents from the government, which are chosen from the List of Classes. Selective libraries choose materials which will best serve their clientele.
=== Attaining FDLP status ===
There are two ways in which a library may qualify for FDLP status:
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## Accredited law schools ({{USC|44|1916}})
=== Responsibilities and maintaining depository status ===
Libraries with depository status are required to provide the documents received at no cost to their patrons. Though they receive the publications free of charge, depository libraries are responsible for the costs of processing the items and making them available. All depository libraries must make their collections of these documents available to the general public, and the services provided for government documents must be on par with the services offered to the primary users of a library. Circulation policies for government documents, however, are established by each library itself. Libraries may house the materials however they like; for example, they may separate the government documents from the rest of their collection or they may integrate them. A library cannot [[Content-control software|filter]] [[Internet]] search results at public access stations as access to health or biological science articles may not be infringed upon.
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Unlike adding items, selections may be removed at any time; the library stops receiving the documents within 72 hours.
=== Retention of documents ===
Selective depository libraries must keep government documents in their collections for five years minimum, after which time the items may be removed from the collection with the approval of a regional library. Items marked for disposal must be offered first to the regional, then to other depositories ({{USC|44|1912}}). All depository libraries, including regional libraries, may dispose of items that have been superseded or issued later in bound form ({{USC|44|1911}}). If an item has been deselected, the library must still retain the publications it possesses from that item number for five years before they may be discarded. Libraries may not financially benefit from the disposal of depository publications.
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After 1996, government publications increasingly shifted to online formats; in addition, most Federal publications now originate online. Regional libraries still continue to collect information in a wide variety of formats, but many government documents are now published exclusively online. Electronic documents positively impact issues such as storage, length of retention, and access, which can be enhanced with library networking.
Libraries may substitute electronic documents for tangible documents as the only copy of the item in the collection, as long as the electronic document is complete, official, and permanently accessible. Access to electronic documents is provided through [[Persistent Uniform Resource Locator|Persistent Uniform Resources Locators]] (PURL) and is facilitated by [[
==See also==
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