Community Programs for Clinical Research on AIDS: Difference between revisions

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{{Short description|Program sponsored by the U.S. National Institutes of Health}}

{{Underlinked|date=November 2015}}

The '''Terry Beirn Community Programs for Clinical Research on AIDS''' ('''CPCRA''') was a programmeprogram sponsored by [[National Institutes of Health]] (NIH) in the United States.<ref>[http://link{{Cite journal | doi=10.springer.com/article1007/BF01964462|title = Clinical programs for clinical research on AIDS: Description of a randomized prospective study of clindamycin versus pyrimethamine for prevention of ''Toxoplasma'' gondii infection| journal=European Journal of Clinical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases| volume=10| issue=3| pages=195–198|year = 1991|last1 = Jacobson|first1 = M.1007%2FBF01964462] A.| last2=Besch| first2=C. L.| last3=Child| first3=C.| last4=Hafner| first4=R.| last5=Muth| first5=K.| last6=Deyton| first6=L.|pmid = 1676364|s2cid = 8673486}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |url=http://cpcra.s-3.com/docs/pubs/papers/Method-Cox.pdf |journal=Health Soc Work |date= November 1998 |volume=23 |issue=4 |pages=290–7 |title=Community advisory boards: their role in AIDS clinical trials. Terry Beirn Community Programs for Clinical Research on AIDS |last1=Cox |first1=LE |last2=Rouff |first2=JR |last3=Svendsen |first3=KH |last4=Markowitz |first4=M |last5=Abrams |first5=DI |doi=10.1093/hsw/23.4.290 |pmid=9834882 |access-date=2016-04-21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160427095424/http://cpcra.s-3.com/docs/pubs/papers/Method-Cox.pdf |archive-date=2016-04-27 |url-status=dead }}</ref> It beganStarted in 1989, andCPCRA was instrumental in some research databases being established. Research from the programs assisted the evaluation of therapies for treating [[HIV]] in diverse populations.{{citation needed|date=March 2022}}

The '''Community Programs for Clinical Research on AIDS''' ('''CPCRA''') was a programme sponsored by [[National Institutes of Health]] (NIH) in the United States.<ref>[http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2FBF01964462]</ref><ref>{{cite journal |url=http://cpcra.s-3.com/docs/pubs/papers/Method-Cox.pdf |journal=Health Soc Work |date= November 1998 |volume=23 |issue=4 |pages=290–7 |title=Community advisory boards: their role in AIDS clinical trials. Terry Beirn Community Programs for Clinical Research on AIDS |last1=Cox |first1=LE |last2=Rouff |first2=JR |last3=Svendsen |first3=KH |last4=Markowitz |first4=M |last5=Abrams |first5=DI}}</ref> It began in 1989, and was instrumental in some research databases being established. Research from the programs assisted the evaluation of therapies for HIV in diverse populations.

==History==

The CPCRA was established in 1989<ref>{{cite web |url=https://aspe.hhs.gov/report/inventory-federally-sponsored-hiv-and-hiv-relevant-databases/database-terry-beirn-community-programs-clinical-research-aids-cpcra-observational-data-base-odb |title=An inventory of federally sponsored HIV and HIV-relevant databases. Database:Terry Beirn community programs for clinical research on AIDS (CPCRA) observational database (ODB) |publisher=[[Assistant Secretary for Planning and Evaluation]] (ASPE) |date=7 January 2000 |accessdateaccess-date=21 April 2016 |archive-date=27 April 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160427064752/https://aspe.hhs.gov/report/inventory-federally-sponsored-hiv-and-hiv-relevant-databases/database-terry-beirn-community-programs-clinical-research-aids-cpcra-observational-data-base-odb |url-status=dead }}</ref> and included 15 research units. A Statistical Center at the [[University of Minnesota]] was funded from 1990 to 1997.<ref>[http{{Cite journal|url=https://grantome.com/grant/NIH/N01-AI005073-017|title=Community researchPrograms grantfor information]Clinical Research on AIDS|first=James|last=Neaton|via=grantome.com}}</ref><ref>[{{Cite web | url=http://www.rdatlas.com/portal/portal.cfm?page=grants&applicationid=2296440] | title=RDAtlas | access-date=2016-04-21 | archive-date=2016-05-09 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160509120901/http://www.rdatlas.com/portal/portal.cfm?page=grants&applicationid=2296440 | url-status=dead }}</ref>

The CPCRA was one of four networks that NIH was using to conduct [[clinical trialstrial]]s that were looking to understand possible therapies for people with HIV infection.<ref>{{cite press release |url=https://aidsinfo.nih.gov/news/123/niaid-research-on-aids |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130315200305/http://aidsinfo.nih.gov/news/123/niaid-research-on-aids/ |url-status=dead |archive-date=March 15, 2013 |title=NIAID Research on AIDS |publisher=aidsinfo.nih.gov |date= 1 January 1995 |accessdateaccess-date=22 April 2016}}</ref> Th CPCRA network was community-based with access to diverse populations across the spectrum of HIV diseases..."<ref>[{{Cite web |url=http://cpcra.s-3.com/] |title=CPCRA - Community Programs for Clinical Research on AIDS |access-date=2012-08-08 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130201184215/http://cpcra.s-3.com/ |archive-date=2013-02-01 |url-status=dead }}</ref>

The overall objective of the CPCRA is to design studies of sufficient size and duration of follow up to evaluate the long-term benefits and [[unintended consequence]]s of various treatment strategies using available agents to assess long-term [[Immunology|immunologic]], virologic[[virology]] and clinical outcomes. CPCRA trials are designed with nested substudiessub-studies aimed at understanding the [[pathogenesis]] of HIV infection and the public health implications of its treatment.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.niaid.nih.gov/DAIDs/pdatguide/cpcra.htm |title=ArchivedCommunity copyPrograms for Clinical Research on AIDS (CPCRA) |accessdateaccess-date=April 17, 2007 |deadurlurl-status=yesdead |archiveurlarchive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070703233645/http://www.niaid.nih.gov/daids/PDATguide/cpcra.htm |archivedatearchive-date=July 3, 2007 }}</ref>

By 2001, CPCRA had 4,244 people participating in their studies, with trials underway in 17 cities.<ref>{{cite press release |url=https://aidsinfo.nih.gov/news/41/hiv-infection-in-minority-populations |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130312220450/http://aidsinfo.nih.gov/news/41/hiv-infection-in-minority-populations/ |url-status=dead |archive-date=March 12, 2013 |title=HIV Infections in Minority Populations |publisher=aidsinfo.nih.gov |date =1 June 2002 |accessdateaccess-date=22 April 2016}}</ref>

The overall objective of the CPCRA is to design studies of sufficient size and duration of follow up to evaluate the long-term benefits and [[unintended consequence]]s of various treatment strategies using available agents to assess long-term immunologic, virologic and clinical outcomes. CPCRA trials are designed with nested substudies aimed at understanding the pathogenesis of HIV infection and the public health implications of its treatment.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.niaid.nih.gov/DAIDs/pdatguide/cpcra.htm |title=Archived copy |accessdate=April 17, 2007 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070703233645/http://www.niaid.nih.gov/daids/PDATguide/cpcra.htm |archivedate=July 3, 2007 }}</ref>

The [[International Network for Strategic Initiatives in Global HIV Trials]] (INSIGHT) biorepositorybio-repository system has its roots in the CPCRA.<ref>{{cite journal |pmc=3039520 |title=Designing and managing a flexible and dynamic biorepository system: a 15 year perspective from the CPCRA, ESPRIT, and INSIGHT clinical trial networks |first1=Katherine |last1=Huppler Hullsiek |first2=Michelle |last2=George |first3=Shawn K. |last3=Brown |journal=Curr Opin HIV AIDS |date=November 2010 |volume=5 |issue=6 |pages=538–544 |doi=10.1097/COH.0b013e32833f2058 |pmid=20978398}}</ref>

By 2001, CPCRA had 4,244 people participating in their studies, with trials underway in 17 cities.<ref>{{cite press release |url=https://aidsinfo.nih.gov/news/41/hiv-infection-in-minority-populations |title=HIV Infections in Minority Populations |publisher=aidsinfo.nih.gov |date =1 June 2002 |accessdate=22 April 2016}}</ref>

The [[International Network for Strategic Initiatives in Global HIV Trials]] (INSIGHT) biorepository system has its roots in the CPCRA.<ref>{{cite journal |pmc=3039520 |title=Designing and managing a flexible and dynamic biorepository system: a 15 year perspective from the CPCRA, ESPRIT, and INSIGHT clinical trial networks |first1=Katherine |last1=Huppler Hullsiek |first2=Michelle |last2=George |first3=Shawn K. |last3=Brown |journal=Curr Opin HIV AIDS |date=November 2010 |volume=5 |issue=6 |pages=538–544 |doi=10.1097/COH.0b013e32833f2058}}</ref>

==Research==

An [[antiretroviral]] medication self-reporting questionnaire was developed by the programmeprogram.<ref>{{cite journal |url=http://cid.oxfordjournals.org/content/34/8/1115.full |title=The Consistency of Adherence to Antiretroviral Therapy Predicts Biologic Outcomes for Human Immunodeficiency Virus—Infected Persons in Clinical Trials |first1=Sharon |last1=Mannheimer |first2=Gerald |last2=Friedland |first3=John |last3=Matts |first4=Carroll |last4=Child |first5=Margaret |last5=Chesney |journal=Clinical Infectious Diseases |year=2002 |volume=34 |issue=8 |pages=1115–21 |doi=10.1086/339074 |pmid=11915001|doi-access=free }}</ref> The program organised the 058 FIRST (Flexible Initial Retrovirus Suppressive Therapies) trial: a large, long-term, randomised, prospective comparison of three different [[antiretroviral]] strategies in [[highly active antiretroviral therapy]]-naïve, HIV-1-infected persons.<ref>{{cite journal |title=The rationale and design of the CPCRA (Terry Beirn Community Programs for Clinical Research on AIDS) 058 FIRST (Flexible Initial Retrovirus Suppressive Therapies) trial |last1=MacArthur |first1=RD |last2=Chen |first2=L |last3=Mayers |first3=DL |last4=Besch |first4=CL |last5=Novak |first5=R |last6=van den Berg-Wolf |first6=M |last7=Yurik |first7=T |last8=Peng |first8=G |last9=Schmetter |first9=B |last10=Brizz |first10=B |last11=Abrams |first11=D |journal=Control Clin Trials |date=April 2001 |volume=22 |issue=2 |pages=176–90 |doi=10.1016/S0197-2456(01)00111-8|pmid=11306155 }}</ref>

The programme organised the 058 FIRST (Flexible Initial Retrovirus Suppressive Therapies) trial: a large, long-term, randomized, prospective comparison of three different antiretroviral strategies in [[highly active antiretroviral therapy]]-naïve, HIV-1-infected persons.<ref>{{cite journal |url=http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0197245601001118 |title=The rationale and design of the CPCRA (Terry Beirn Community Programs for Clinical Research on AIDS) 058 FIRST (Flexible Initial Retrovirus Suppressive Therapies) trial |last1=MacArthur |first1=RD |last2=Chen |first2=L |last3=Mayers |first3=DL |last4=Besch |first4=CL |last5=Novak |first5=R |last6=van den Berg-Wolf |first6=M |last7=Yurik |first7=T |last8=Peng |first8=G |last9=Schmetter |first9=B |last10=Brizz |first10=B |last11=Abrams |first11=D |journal=Control Clin Trials |date=April 2001 |volume=22 |pages=176−90 |doi=10.1016/S0197-2456(01)00111-8}}</ref>

==References==

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== External links ==

* [https://archive.today/20130201184215/http://cpcra.s-3.com/ Community Programs for Clinical Research on AIDS (CPCRA) website]

* [https://web.archive.org/web/20160512192542/https://aidsinfo.nih.gov/education-materials/glossary/156/community-programs-for-clinical-research-on-aids listing] on NIH website

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[[Category:HIV/AIDS research institutesorganisations]]

[[Category:Public health organizations based in the United States]]

[[Category:Organizations established in 1989]]

[[Category:Medical research institutes in the United States]]

[[Category:1989 establishments in the United States]]

[[Category:HIV/AIDS organizations in the United States]]