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{{Redirect|Gender change|sex change|Sex change (disambiguation){{!}}Sex change}}
{{Transgender sidebar}}
'''Gender transition''' is the process of [[Gender affirmation|affirming]] and [[Gender expression|expressing]] one's [[Gender identity|internal sense of gender]], rather than the sex [[Sex assignment|assigned to them at birth]]. It is a recommended course of treatment for individuals experiencing [[gender dysphoria]],<ref>{{Cite web |last=World Medical Association |date=October 2015 |title=WMA Statement on Transgender People |url=https://www.wma.net/policies-post/wma-statement-on-transgender-people/
A '''social transition''' may include coming out as transgender,{{Efn|While the label Transgender is used here, people of diverse gender identities may socially or medically transition.|name=a|group=lower-alpha}} using a new name and pronouns, and changing one's public gender expression.<ref name="Brown&Rounsley">Brown, M. L. & Rounsley, C. A. (1996) ''True Selves: Understanding Transsexualism – For Families, Friends, Coworkers, and Helping Professionals'' Jossey-Bass: San Francisco {{ISBN|0-7879-6702-5}}</ref> This is usually the first step in a gender transition. People socially transition at almost any age,<ref name=":3"/><ref name=":4"/> as a social transition does not involve medical procedures. It can, however, be a prerequisite to accessing transgender healthcare in many places.<ref name=":5" /><ref name=":6" />
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* '''[[Assigned gender at birth]]''' ('''AGAB''') is a term that refers to the sex or gender assigned to people when they are born. As people are assigned a gender at birth in regards to their physical characteristics, an assigned gender does not account for one's internal gender identity.
* '''[[Gender expression]]''' refers to the external presentation of one's gender identity. Typically, a person's gender expression is thought of in terms of [[masculinity]] (a [[tomboy]], a [[Butch and femme|butch lesbian]], a [[drag king]]) or [[femininity]] (an [[Effeminacy|effeminate male]], a '[[femboy]]', a [[drag queen]]), but an individual's gender expression may incorporate [[Androgyny|both feminine and masculine traits]], or neither. One may express their gender through clothing, behavior, hair styling, voice, etc.<ref>{{Citation |last=Edelman |first=Elijah Adiv |title=Gender Identity and Transgender Rights in Global Perspective |date=6 November 2019 |work=The Oxford Handbook of Global LGBT and Sexual Diversity Politics |pages=61–74 |editor-last1=Bosia |editor-first1=Michael J. |editor-last2=McEvoy |editor-first2=Sandra M. |editor-last3=Rahman |editor-first3=Momin |url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190673741.013.24 |access-date=17 March 2023 |publisher=Oxford University Press |doi=10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190673741.013.24 |isbn=978-0-19-067374-1|url-access=subscription }}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Carabez |first1=Rebecca |last2=Pellegrini |first2=Marion |last3=Mankovitz |first3=Andrea |last4=Eliason |first4=Mickey |last5=Scott |first5=Megan |date=12 August 2015 |title=Does your organization use gender inclusive forms? Nurses' confusion about trans* terminology |journal=Journal of Clinical Nursing |volume=24 |issue=21–22 |pages=3306–3317 |doi=10.1111/jocn.12942 |issn=0962-1067 |pmid=26263919 |doi-access=free}}</ref> It is not necessarily related to one's gender identity.
* '''[[Gender identity]]''' refers to the personal sense of one's own [[gender]]. It may correlate with the gender assigned at birth, or differ from it. In most individuals, gender identity is congruent with their assigned gender. Those who do not identify with their birth gender may identify as ''transgender''.
* '''[[Gender dysphoria]]''' refers to the distress a person experiences from a mismatch between their [[Gender identity|internal gender identity]] and their [[Sex assignment|gender assigned at birth]].<ref>{{cite web |author=Human Rights Campaign |author-link=Human Rights Campaign |title=Sexual Orientation and Gender Identity Definitions |url=http://www.hrc.org/resources/sexual-orientation-and-gender-identity-terminology-and-definitions |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151125033133/http://www.hrc.org/resources/sexual-orientation-and-gender-identity-terminology-and-definitions |archive-date=November 25, 2015 |access-date=June 13, 2021}}</ref><ref name="MorrowMessinger">{{cite book |title=Sexual Orientation and Gender Expression in Social Work Practice: working with gay, lesbian, bisexual, and transgender people |date=2006 |publisher=[[Columbia University Press]] |isbn=978-0-231-50186-6 |veditors=Morrow DF, Messinger L |___location=New York |page=8 |quote=Gender identity refers to an individual's personal sense of identity as masculine or feminine, or some combination thereof.}}</ref> People who suffer from gender dysphoria may ''transition'' in order to alleviate this distress.
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It is important to note that most transgender individuals will receive few, if any, surgeries throughout their lifetimes and some may never receive HRT. Barriers to accessing medical transitioning can include: a lack of financing, a lack of desire, or a lack of accessibility. There is no one way to transition, and while a medical transition or surgery can absolutely be medically necessary for some individuals' personal wellbeing, no two transitions are the same.
* [[Puberty blockers|'''Puberty blockers / hormone blockers''']] are terms that refer to medications used to block natal sex hormones. For transgender youth, hormone blockers may be offered at the onset of puberty to allow the exploration of their gender identity without the distress<ref name=":7">{{Cite journal |last1=Turban |first1=Jack L. |last2=King |first2=Dana |last3=Carswell |first3=Jeremi M. |last4=Keuroghlian |first4=Alex S. |date=1 February 2020 |title=Pubertal Suppression for Transgender Youth and Risk of Suicidal Ideation
* [[Transgender hormone therapy|'''Hormone replacement therapy (HRT)''']] is a medical treatment that replaces the primary sex hormones in one's body, in order to develop the secondary sex characteristics of the opposite sex. Individuals seeking masculinizing HRT are prescribed the male sex hormone [[testosterone]], while individuals seeking feminizing HRT are prescribed the female sex hormone [[estrogen]].
* [[Transgender voice therapy|'''Voice therapy''']] (or '[[Transgender voice therapy|'''voice training''']]') refers to a ''non-surgical'' gender-affirming treatment for the masculinization or feminization of one's voice. ''Transfeminine people'' will not experience any impact on voice pitch from feminizing hormone therapy (unless their natal puberty was sufficiently blocked), so voice training is very often underwent in order to learn how to speak in a higher and more feminine register. ''Transmasculine people'', on the other hand, will experience a marked lowering in pitch from masculinizing HRT (testosterone) to an often cisgender male level, so vocal masculinization training is uncommon outside of those who have not underwent masculinizing HRT. Irrespectively, vocal masculinization training can help one learn to speak in a lower and more masculine register.
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===Social aspects===
{{redirect|Social transitioning|social changes on a societal level|Social change}}
The social process of transitioning begins with '[[coming out]]', where others are told that one does not identify with their [[Sex assignment|birth sex]]. The newly out trans person may adopt a new name, ask to be referred to with a new set of pronouns, and change their presentation to better reflect their identity.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Olson |first1=Kristina R. |last2=Durwood |first2=Lily |last3=Horton |first3=Rachel |last4=Gallagher |first4=Natalie M. |last5=Devor |first5=Aaron |date=13 July 2022 |title=Gender Identity 5 Years After Social Transition
People may socially transition at any age, with documented cases of children as [[Transgender youth|young as 5]],<ref name=":3">{{Cite journal |last1=Kennedy |first1=Natacha |last2=Hellen |first2=Mark |date=2010 |title=Transgender Children: more than a theoretical challenge |url=https://www.gjss.org/sites/default/files/issues/chapters/papers/Journal-07-02--02-Kennedy-Hellen.pdf |journal=Graduate Journal of Social Science}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Olson |first1=Kristina R. |last2=Gülgöz |first2=Selin |date=June 2018 |title=Early Findings From the TransYouth Project: Gender Development in Transgender Children |url=https://srcd.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/cdep.12268 |journal=Child Development Perspectives |language=en |volume=12 |issue=2 |pages=93–97 |doi=10.1111/cdep.12268 |issn=1750-8592|url-access=subscription }}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Olson |first1=Kristina R. |last2=Key |first2=Aidan C. |last3=Eaton |first3=Nicholas R. |date=April 2015 |title=Gender Cognition in Transgender Children |url=http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/0956797614568156 |journal=Psychological Science |language=en |volume=26 |issue=4 |pages=467–474 |doi=10.1177/0956797614568156 |pmid=25749700 |issn=0956-7976|url-access=subscription }}</ref> or adults as [[Late transitioners|old as 75]].<ref name=":4">{{Cite book |last=Fabbre |first=Vanessa D. |url=https://www.taylorfrancis.com/chapters/edit/10.4324/9781315731803-5/gender-transitions-later-life-significance-time-queer-aging-vanessa-fabbre |title=Gender Transitions in Later Life: The Significance of Time in Queer Aging |date=2015 |isbn=9781315731803 |doi=10.4324/9781315731803-5|doi-broken-date=6 July 2025 }}</ref> While many of those who socially transition will pursue a medical transition, not everyone can access gender affirming care, and not all may wish to pursue it.
=== Psychological aspects ===
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=== Grieving gender identity ===
Over the course of a gender transition, people who are close to the transitioning individual may experience a sense of loss and work through a [[Grief|grieving]] process.<ref name=":0">{{Cite journal|last=Norwood|first=Kristen|date=March 2013|title=Grieving Gender: Trans-identities, Transition, and Ambiguous Loss|journal=Communication Monographs|volume=80|issue=1|pages=24–45|doi=10.1080/03637751.2012.739705|s2cid=35092546|issn=0363-7751}}</ref> This type of loss is an [[ambiguous loss]], characterized by feelings of grief where the item of loss is obscure. Family members may grieve for the gendered expectations that their loved one will no longer follow, whereas the transgender person themself may feel rejected by their relatives' need to grieve.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=McGuire |first1=Jenifer K. |last2=Catalpa |first2=Jory M. |last3=Lacey |first3=Vanessa |last4=Kuvalanka |first4=Katherine A. |title=Ambiguous Loss as a Framework for Interpreting Gender Transitions in Families: Ambiguous Loss in Gender Transition |journal=Journal of Family Theory & Review |date=September 2016 |volume=8 |issue=3 |pages=373–385 |doi=10.1111/jftr.12159 |url=https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/jftr.12159 |access-date=30 December 2022|url-access=subscription }}</ref> Feelings that arise are described as a way of seeing the person who is transitioning as the same, but different, or both present and absent.<ref name=":0" />
==See also==
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