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Adding short description: "Repeated thinking about negative events" |
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{{Short description|Repeated thinking about negative events}}
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'''Perseverative cognition'''<ref name="BPT2005">{{cite journal | last1 = Brosschot | first1 = J.F. | last2 = Pieper | first2 = S. | last3 = Thayer | first3 = J.F. | year = 2005 | title = Expanding Stress Theory: Prolonged Activation And Perseverative Cognition
It has been shown to have [[physiological]] effects, such as increased heart rate, blood pressure and cortisol, in daily life as well as under controlled laboratory conditions.<ref name="ZD2011">{{cite journal | last1 = Zoccola | first1 = P.M. | last2 = Dickerson | first2 = S.D. | last3 = Yim | first3 = I. S. | year = 2011 | title = Trait and state perseverative cognition and the cortisol awakening response
==Definition==
The definition of perseverative cognition is: "the repeated or chronic activation of the cognitive representation of one or more psychological stressors".<ref name="BGT2006"/><ref name = "VBGT2010">{{cite journal | last1 = Verkuil | first1 = B. | last2 = Brosschot | first2 = J.F. | last3 = Gebhardt | first3 = W.A. | last4 = Thayer | first4 = J.F. | year = 2010 | title = When worries make you sick: A review of perseverative cognition, the default stress response and somatic health
Perseverative cognition may partly be [[Unconsciousness|unconscious]].<ref name="B2010">{{cite journal | last1 = Brosschot | first1 = J.F. | year = 2010 | title = Markers of chronic stress: Prolonged physiological activation and (un)conscious perseverative cognition
== Perseverative cognition hypothesis ==
The ''perseverative cognition hypothesis''<ref name="BGT2006" /> holds that stressful events begin to affect people's [[health]] when they think about them repetitively or continuously (that is, '[[wiktionary:perseveration|perseverate]] [[Cognition|cognitively]]').
The ''perseverative cognition hypothesis''<ref name="BGT2006" /> holds that stressful events cannot affect people's health, unless they think repetitively or continuously (that is, '[[wiktionary:perseveration|perseverate]] [[Cognition|cognitively]]') about these stressful events. Stressful events themselves are often too short, as are the physiological responses to them. Therefore the physiological responses during these stressors are unlikely to cause bodily harm. More importantly, many stressful events are merely worried about, or feared in the future, while they often do not happen or do not have the feared consequences. Nevertheless, the body reacts with prolonged physiological responses to continuous thoughts (perseverative cognition) about these stressors. Therefore it is the perseverative cognition, and not the stressors that can eventually lead to disease. In scientific terms, it is said that perseverative cognition is a [[wikt:Special:Search/mediator|mediator]] of the detrimental effects of [[stress (psychological)|stress]] on one's health. Since its publication scientific evidence for this hypothesis has been accumulating.<ref name="VBGT2010" /><ref name="GS2006">{{cite journal | last1 = Geurts | first1 = S.A. | last2 = Sonnentag | first2 = S. | year = 2006 | title = Recovery as an explanatory mechanism in the relation between acute stress reactions and chronic health impairment | url = | journal = Scandinavian Journal of Work and Environtal Health | volume = 32 | issue = 6| pages = 482–92 | doi = 10.5271/sjweh.1053 }}</ref><ref name="LC2009">{{cite journal | last1 = Larsen | first1 = B.A | last2 = Christenfeld | first2 = N.J.S. | year = 2009 | title = Cardiovascular Disease and Psychiatric Comorbidity: The Potential Role of Perseverative Cognition | url = | journal = Cardiovascular Psychiatry and Neurology | volume = 2009| issue = | pages = 1–8| doi = 10.1155/2009/791017 | pmid = 20029626 | pmc = 2790803 }}</ref><ref name="FMBK2012">{{cite journal | last1 = Flaxman | first1 = P. E. | last2 = Ménard | first2 = J. | last3 = Bond | first3 = F. W. | last4 = Kinman | first4 = G. | year = 2012 | title = Academics' experiences of a respite from work: Effects of self-critical perfectionism and perseverative cognition on postrespite well-being | url = http://openaccess.city.ac.uk/6323/1/Flaxman%20et%20al%20%282012%29%20JAP.pdf| journal = Journal of Applied Psychology | volume = 97 | issue = 4| pages = 854–865 | doi = 10.1037/a0028055 | pmid=22545621}}</ref>▼
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== Physiological effects and disease ==
{{See also|Health psychology}}
Perseverative cognition is involved with a “stress-disease link".<ref name="BPT2005" /> Further, it is the thinking about the stress, or rather the obsessing over it, that establishes a link between stress and disease. Perseverative cognition also focuses on the effects that worrying over anticipated events have on the physical body and mind.<ref name="BGT2006" /> This could suggest that obsessive worrying over past events or the future could lead to physical issues.
There are some physical evidences of the effects of perseverative cognition, as noted in an analysis article.<ref name="OLMCTVB2015" /> The article found that [[cortisol]] levels, as well as the average heart rates of individuals, were higher when perseverative cognitive processes were present.<ref name="OLMCTVB2015" /> Another article<ref name="VBGT2010" /> says that “worrying about stressful events increases the total amount of time that stress has a ‘[[wiktionary:wear and tear|wear and tear]]’ effect on the human body.” Studies<ref name=":0">{{Cite journal|
In another article, it is discussed that perseverative cognition increases heart rate, and also impacts parts of the [[brain]], notably in the prefrontal and amygdala areas.<ref name=":0" /> There is a connection between the brain and the heart when it comes to perseverative cognition. When present, it impacts not only mental facilities, but also physical components.<ref name=":0" /> One article describes the physical components as a response to the thoughts, “as if the individual were facing an external stressor”.<ref name=":1">{{Cite journal|
Cognitive perseverance not only impacts mental and physical processing, but it also has the possibility of impacting [[sleep]], as explored in one article.<ref name=":2">{{Cite journal|
In addition, perseverative cognition has potential to make other [[Mental disorder|mental illnesses]] worse. In another article, on its effect on [[Posttraumatic stress disorder|PTSD]],<ref name=":4" /> it was found that with severe PTSD and the perseverative cognition, it correlated with less recovery regarding cardiovascular disease.
==See also==
* [[Health psychology]]
* [[Metacognitive therapy]]
* [[Chronic stress]]
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==References==
<references/>
[[Category:Cognitive psychology]]
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