Partap Singh: Difference between revisions

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{{Short description|Sikh leader and author}}

{{aboutAbout||other persons with a similar name|Pratapsingh (disambiguation){{!}}Pratapsingh}}

{{Distinguish|Pratap Singh Giani|text=[[Pratap Singh Giani]], a Sikh academician, scholar and calligraphist}}

{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2018}}

{{Use Indian English|date=February 2023}}

{{Multiple issues|

{{one source|date=November 2016}}

{{third-party|date=November 2016}}

}}

{{about||other persons with a similar name|Pratapsingh (disambiguation){{!}}Pratapsingh}}

{{EngvarB|date=December 2018}}

{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2018}}

{{Infobox officeholder

| name = Giani= Partap Singh

| honorific-prefix = Honorable Jathedar[[Granthi]]

| native_name =

|native_name = <small>ਇੱਜ਼ਤਦਾਰ ਜਥੇਦਾਰ</small> <br /> {{Lang|pa|ਗਿਆਨੀ ਪਰਤਾਪ ਸਿੰਘ}}

| image = Jathedar Partap Singh.jpg

| image_size = 230px

| caption =

| office = [[Jathedar of Akal Takht|Acting Jathedar ofthe Akal Takht]]

| office2 = [[Jathedar of the Akal Takht|19thActing Jathedar of the Akal Takht]]

| office1 = [[Takht Sri KeshgarhKesgarh Sahib|Jathedar of Kesgarh Sahib]]

| term_start1 = 1948

| term_end1 = 1952

| term_start2 = 195219 December 1937

| term_end2 = 15 February 19551948

| term_start = 19 December 19371952

| term_end = 194815 February 1955

| predecessor2 = Mohan Singh Nagoke

| successor2 = [[AccharKirpal Singh]]

| predecessor = ''PositionMohan Singh Established''Nagoke

| successor = KirpalAcchar Singh

| birth_name = Partap Singh

| birth_date = {{Birth date|df=yes|1904|01|03}}

| birth_place = Nara[[Dera Khalsa]], [[Rawalpindi]], [[PunjabBritish (region)Punjab|PanjabPunjab]], [[Presidencies and provinces of British IndiaRaj|British India]] (present day [[Pakistan]])

| death_date = {{Death date and age|df=yes|1984|05|10|1904|01|03}}

| death_place = [[Amritsar]], [[Panjab, India]]

| appointed = [[Shiromani Gurdwara Parbandhak Committee]]

| appointed1 = [[Shiromani Gurdwara Parbandhak Committee]]

| appointed2 = [[Shiromani Gurdwara Parbandhak Committee]]

| alma_mater = Khalsa Updesh College, [[Gujranwala]]

| mother = Mathura Devi

| father = Makhan Singh

| spouse = Shaant Kaur

| children = 6 <!-- Please only add name of the children if they are independently notable -->

| known_for =

| order2 =

}}

{{Sikhism sidebar}}

'''Giani Partap Singh''' (Punjabi: ਗਿਆਨੀ ਪ੍ਰਤਾਪ ਸਿੰਘ; 3 January 1904&nbsp; – 10 May 1984) was a Sikh priest and Panjabi writer.<ref name=":0">{{Cite book |title=The encyclopaedia of Sikhism |date=1992–1998 |publisher=Punjabi University |others=Harbans Singh |isbn=0-8364-2883-8 |volume=3 |___location=Patiala |pages=358–359 |oclc=29703420}}</ref> He served as the first acting [[Jathedar of Akal Takht]] from 19 December 1937 to 1948 and 19th [[Jathedar of Akal Takht]] from 1952 to 15 February 1955.<ref name=GPSJ>{{cite book|last1=Nirankari|first1=Dr Maan Singh|title=Giani Partap Singh Ji|date=1900s|publisher=Darbar Printing Press|page=17|ref=BK-005906}}</ref>

== Early life and career ==

Partap Singh was born on 3 January 1904, at Nara[[Dera Khalsa]] village in [[Rawalpindi]] division of [[British Punjab (region)|PanjabPunjab]], [[Presidencies and provinces of British IndiaRaj|British India]]. His father was Makhan Singh Sasan and mother Mathura Devi. His grandfather, Sundar Singh served in the army of [[Ranjit Singh|Maharaja Ranjit Singh]]. Between 1909 and 1918, Singh completed 5 years of education at the local primary school in NaraDera Khalsa and further education at the middle school in [[Bishan Daur]]. Near the completion of his primary education, he took the vows of the [[Khalsa]] and became an initiated [[Sikh]]. Subsequently, for some 3 years he studied Sikh literature and attended the services of [[Singh Sabha Movement]] and Isher Singh Rara Sahib.<ref name=GPSJ />

In 1922, Singh enrolled into Khalsa Updesh College at [[Gujranwala]], where he passed the certificate of [[Giani]] with the second highest marks in [[Punjab (region)|Panjab]]. From 1918 to 1921, he attended various conferences organised by [[Chief Khalsa Diwan]], Na-Milvartan Lehir and Sikh League. These conferences had a great impact on his mind and conscience.<ref name=GPSJ />

In 1923, Singh contributed with immense participation in the Kar Seva (literally "service with hands") of [[Harmandir Sahib]]. Considering the service and education of the Giani, [[Shiromani Gurdwara Parbandhak Committee]] (SGPC) employed him as a priest. Soon after he joined, the [[East India Company]] declared that the SGPC was against the law. The government arrested various SGPC workers including Singh and imprisoned them at [[Jhang]] and [[Multan]]. During the one and half years of imprisonment, the Giani managed to learn multiple languages such as [[English language|English]], [[Urdu]], [[Persian language|FarsiPersian]] and [[Hindi]].<ref name=GPSJ />

== Works ==

* Zaat Paat te Chhoot Chhaat ({{lang-palangx |pa| ਜ਼ਾਤ ਪਾਤ ਤੇ ਛੂਤ ਛਾਤ}}), 1933

* Gurmat Lecture ({{lang-palangx |pa| ਗੁਰਮਤਿ ਲੈਕਚਰ}}), 1944

* Itihasic Lecture Do Bhaag ({{lang-palangx |pa| ਇਤਿਹਾਸਕ ਲੈਕਚਰ ਦੋ ਭਾਗ}}), 1945

* Sadha Desh Te Usdian Smasiawan ({{lang-palangx |pa| ਸਾਡਾ ਦੇਸ਼ ਤੇ ਉਸਦੀਆਂ ਸਮਸਿਆਵਾਂ}}), 1945

* Bhagat Darshan ({{lang-palangx |pa| ਭਗਤ ਦਰਸ਼ਨ}}), 1945

* Gurmat Philosophy ({{lang-palangx |pa| ਗੁਰਮਤਿ ਫਿਲਾਸਫੀ}}), 1946

* Sansaar Da Dharmic Itihas ({{lang-palangx |pa| ਸੰਸਾਰ ਦਾ ਧਾਰਮਿਕ ਇਤਿਹਾਸ}}), 1948

* Kudrat De Chamatkaar ({{lang-palangx |pa| ਕੁਦਰਤ ਦੇ ਚਮਤਕਾਰ}}), 1947

* Pakistani Ghalughara ({{lang-palangx |pa| ਪਾਕਿਸਤਾਨੀ ਘਲੂਘਾਰਾ}}), 1948

* Akali Lahir Da Ithas ({{lang-palangx |pa| ਅਕਾਲੀ ਲਹਿਰ ਦਾ ਇਤਿਹਾਸ}}), 1951

* Baba Khuda Singh ({{lang-palangx |pa| ਬਾਬਾ ਖੁਦਾ ਸਿੰਘ}}), 1962

* Baba Bir Singh Naurangabad ({{lang-palangx |pa| ਬਾਬਾ ਬੀਰ ਸਿੰਘ ਨੌਰੰਗਾਬਾਦ}}), 1962

* Takhtan Bare Vichar ({{lang-palangx |pa| ਤਖਤਾਂ ਬਾਰੇ ਵਿਚਾਰ}}), 1966

* Nakli Nirankari ({{lang-palangx |pa| ਨਕਲੀ ਨਿਰੰਕਾਰੀ}}), 1967

* Shaheed Darshan Singh Pheruma ({{lang-palangx |pa| ਸ਼ਹੀਦ ਸ:ਦਰਸ਼ਨ ਸਿੰਘ ਫੇਰੂਮਾਨ}}), 1968

* Radha Swami Mat Darpan ({{lang-palangx |pa| ਰਾਧਾ ਸਵਾਮੀ ਮਤ ਦਰਪਨ}}), 1969

* Gurbani Es Jag Meh Chanan ({{lang-palangx |pa| ਗੁਰਬਾਣੀ ਇਸ ਜਗ ਮਹਿ ਚਾਨਣ}}), 1975

* Kuka Guru Dum ({{lang-palangx |pa| ਕੂਕਾ ਗੁਰੂ ਡਮ}}), 1972

* Mahabali Guru Gobind Singh ({{lang-palangx |pa| ਮਹਾਬਲੀ ਗੁਰੂ ਗੋਬਿੰਦ ਸਿੰਘ}}), 1974

* Hind Di Chadar Guru Tegh Bahadar ({{lang-palangx |pa| ਹਿੰਦ ਦੀ ਚਾਦਰ ਗੁਰੂ ਤੇਗ ਬਹਾਦਰ}}), 1975

* Akali Lahir De Mahaan Neta ({{lang-palangx |pa| ਅਕਾਲੀ ਲਹਿਰ ਦੇ ਮਹਾਨ ਨੇਤਾ}}), 1976

* Amritsar Sifti Da Ghar ({{lang-palangx |pa| ਅਮ੍ਰਿਤਸਰ ਸਿਫਤੀ ਦਾ ਘਰ}}), 1977

== Jathedar of Akal Takht ==

The inauguration of Singh as the first vice [[Jathedar of Akal Takht]] took place inon 19 December 1937. He served alongside Mohan Singh Nagoke up to 1948 and later served as the [[Jathedar of Akal Takht]] from 1952 to 15 February 1955. He resign due to political difference with [[Tara Singh (activist)|Master Tara Singh]].<ref name=GPSJ />

== Family and personal life ==

In 18181918, Singh married Shaant Kaur, daughter of Mangal Singh. The couple had six children.<ref name=GPSJ />

== Death ==

He was assassinated by [[Jarnail Singh Bhindranwale]]'s companion Daya Singh in [[Amritsar]], [[Punjab, India]] for criticising the occupation of the Akal Takht of the Golden temple by Bhindranwale and his corhorts. He described this occupation as sacrilegious to the Sikh faith.<ref name=GPSJ />

== References ==

{{Reflist}}

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Singh, Partap}}

[[Category:1904 births]]

[[Category:1984 deaths]]

[[Category:PunjabiPeople peoplefrom Rawalpindi]]

[[Category:Punjabi-language writers]]

[[Category:Sikh writers]]

[[Category:Indian Sikh religious leaders]]

[[Category:Jathedars of Akal Takht]]

[[Category:India MPs 1962–1967]]

[[Category:Assassinated Indian people]]

[[Category:People murdered in Punjab, India]]

[[Category:Jathedars of Akal Takht]]

{{Sikh-bio-stub}}