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Line 1: {{Short description\|Algorithm on pulse-width modulation}} {{Modulation techniques}} '''Space vector modulation''' ('''SVM''') is an algorithm for the control of [[pulse-width modulation]] (PWM), invented by Gerhard Pfaff, Alois Weschta, and Albert Wick in 1982.<ref name=control> {{cite book \|author1=M.P. Kazmierkowski \|author2=R. Krishnan \|author3=F. Blaabjerg \|name-list-style=amp \| title = Control in Power Electronics: Selected Problems Line 7 ⟶ 8: \| isbn = 978-0-12-402772-5 \| url = https://books.google.com/books?id=6_dmMHEyvrkC&dq=%22space+vector+modulation%22+intitle:%22Control+in+Power+Electronics%22&pg=PA373 }}</ref><ref name=invention> {{cite web \|url=https://ethw.org/Power_electronics \|title=Engineering and Technology History Wiki: Power electronics \|author1=Bimal K. Bose \|date=2014 \|access-date=29 Dec 2023}}</ref> It is used for the creation of [[alternating current]] (AC) [[waveform]]s; most commonly to drive [[3 phase]] AC powered motors at varying speeds from DC using multiple [[Switching amplifier\|class-D amplifiers]]. There are variations of SVM that result in different quality and computational requirements. One active area of development is in the reduction of [[total harmonic distortion]] (THD) created by the rapid switching inherent to these algorithms. ==Principle== Line 129 ⟶ 131: Note that looking down the columns for the active switching vectors V<sub>1-6</sub>, the output voltages vary as a pulsed sinusoid, with each leg offset by 120 degrees of [[Phasor (electronics)\|phase angle]]. To implement space vector modulation, a reference signal V<sub>ref</sub> is sampled with a frequency f<sub>s</sub> (T<sub>s</sub> = 1/f<sub>s</sub>). The reference signal may be generated from three separate phase references using the [[Alpha beta gamma transform\|~~<math>\alpha\beta\gamma</math>~~αβγ transform]]. The reference vector is then synthesized using a combination of the two adjacent active switching vectors and one or both of the zero vectors. Various strategies of selecting the order of the vectors and which zero vector(s) to use exist. Strategy selection will affect the harmonic content and the {{ill\|switching loss\|lt=switching losses\|de\|Schaltverluste}}. [[File:Space Vector Modulation.gif\|center\|thumb\|400px\|All eight possible switching vectors for a three-leg inverter using space vector modulation. An example V<sub>ref</sub> is shown in the first sector. V<sub>ref_MAX</sub> is the maximum amplitude of V<sub>ref</sub> before non-linear overmodulation is reached.]] Line 136 ⟶ 138: ==See also== * [https://www.switchcraft.org/learning/2017/3/15/space-vector-pwm-intro Space Vector PWM Intro] (includes animations depicting changing relationships between phases and switch states) * [[Alpha–beta transformation\|αβγ transform]] * [[Inverter (electrical)]]