Business reference model: Difference between revisions

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== Overview ==

A [[reference model]] in general is a model of something that embodies the basic goal or idea of something and can then be looked at as a reference for various purposes. A business reference model is a means to describe the [[business operations]] of an organization, independent of the [[organizational structure]] that perform them. Other types of business reference model can also depict the relationship between the [[business process]]es, business functions, and the [[business area]]’s business reference model. These reference model can be constructed in layers, and offer a foundation for the analysis of service components, technology, data, and performance.

The most familiar business reference model is the "Business Reference Model", one of five reference models of the [[Federal Enterprise Architecture]] of the US Federal Government. That model is a [[function model|function-driven]] framework for describing the business operations of the Federal Government independent of the agencies that perform them. The Business Reference Model provides an organized, hierarchical construct for describing the day-to-day business operations of the Federal government. While many models exist for describing organizations - [[organizational chart]]s, ___location maps, etc. - this model presents the business using a functionally driven approach.<ref name="WH05">[https://georgewbush-whitehouse.archives.gov/omb/egov/documents/CRM.PDF FEA Consolidated Reference Model Document] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100705040628/http://georgewbush-whitehouse.archives.gov/omb/egov/documents/CRM.PDF# |date=2010-07-05 }}. May 2005.</ref>

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In the 1990s, business reference models were hardly an item. An exception was a 1991 book about [[IT management]], which mentioned that the [[Kodak]] management had developed a business reference model 10 years earlier.<ref>Gerard H. Gaynor (1991). ''Achieving the Competitive Edge Through Integrated Technology Management''. p. 259.</ref> A 1996 manual of the [[SAP R/3]] enterprise resource planning software stipulated the existence on the business reference model of the R/3 System.<ref>Rüdiger Buck-Emden, Jurgen Galimow, SAP AG. (1996). ''SAP R/3 System: A Client/server Technology'' Addison-Wesley.</ref> However, in the 1990s there was a significant development of reference models in related fields, which, resulted in the developments of [[Integrated business planning]], the [[Open System Environment Reference Model]], the [[Workflow Reference Model]], [[TOGAF]] and the [[Zachman Framework]].

In the new millennium business reference models started emerging in several fields from [[network management system]]s,<ref>Joan Serrat, Alex Galis (2003). ''Deploying and Managing IP Over WDM Networks''. pp. 89-121.</ref> and [[E-business]],<ref name="MA00">Daniel A. Menascé, Virgilio A. F. Almeida (2000). ''Scaling for E-business: Technologies, Models, Performance, and Capacity Planning.'' Prentice Hall. {{ISBN|0130863289}}</ref> to the US Federal government. The US Federal government published it'sits "Business Reference Model", Version 1.0 in February 2002.<ref>Federal Enterprise Architecture Program Management Office (2002). ''The Business Reference Model, Version 1.0''.</ref> Related developments in this decade were the development of the [[Treasury Enterprise Architecture Framework]], and the [[OASIS SOA Reference Model]].

== Specific models ==

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* [[Enterprise modelling]]

* [[Organizational architecture]]

* [[Outline of consulting]]

* [[View model]]

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[[Category:Reference models]]

[[Category:Business process modelling]]

[[Category:Enterprise architecture]]