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=== Consonant cluster ===
Tai Tham has three medial letters to form a consonant cluster: medial ''La'' (◌ᩖ a.k.a ''La Noi''), medial ''Ra'' (ᩕ a.k.a ''Rawong''), and medial ''Wa''. Consonant cluster with medial ''Wa'' is the only true consonant cluster where both consonants are pronounced as one phoneme. Consonant cluster with Medial ''La'' and Medial ''Ra'' are considered a false consonant cluster as they do not produce the same effect. They are the remnant of the [[Southwestern Tai languages|Proto-Southwestern Tai]] initial consonant clusters that existed during the early development of Tai Tham before the 16th century.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Tangsiriwattanakul |first=Shinnakrit |date=4 Oct
==== Medial ''La'' ====
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== Vowels ==
Vowel characters come in two forms: as stand-alone letters for writing initial vowels or as diacritics that can be attached to all sides of the consonant letters. However, Lanna excels in terms of the number of diacritics used. Some vowel sounds can be written with a combination of as many as four diacritics: one on each side of the consonant.<ref name="everson">{{cite web|title=Lanna Unicode: A Proposal|url=http://std.dkuug.dk/jtc1/sc2/wg2/docs/n3207.pdf|last1=Everson|first1=Michael|last2=Hosken|first2=Martin|last3=Constable|first3=Peter|date=March 21, 2007|access-date=May 4, 2015|archive-date=June 25, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150625014059/http://std.dkuug.dk/jtc1/sc2/wg2/docs/n3207.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="burutphakdee">{{cite web|title=Khon Muang Neu Kap Phasa Muang: Attitudes of Northern Thai Youth towards Kammuang and the Lanna Script|url=http://ic.payap.ac.th/graduate/linguistics/theses/Natnapang_Thesis.pdf|last=Burutphakdee|first=Natnapang|publisher=SIL International|pages=32–61|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150505040726/http://ic.payap.ac.th/graduate/linguistics/theses/Natnapang_Thesis.pdf|archive-date=May 5, 2015|date=October 2004}}</ref>
=== Independent vowels ===
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