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{{Short description|none}} <!-- "none" is preferred when the title is sufficiently descriptive; see [[WP:SDNONE]] -->
{{Year nav topic20|2019|reptile paleontology|science |paleobotany |paleontology |arthropod paleontology |paleoentomology |paleomalacology |archosaur paleontology |mammal paleontology |paleoichthyology}}
{{Portal|Paleontology|History of science|Dinosaurs}}
This '''list of [[fossil]] [[reptile]]s described in 2019''' is a list of new [[taxa]] of fossil reptiles that were [[binomial nomenclature|described]] during the year 2019, as well as other significant discoveries and events related to reptile [[paleontology]] that occurred in 2019.
==Lizards and snakes==
===Research===
* A study aiming to test which ecological and developmental traits have influenced skull evolution in the [[Squamata|squamate]] reptiles, based on data from extant and extinct taxa, is published by Watanabe ''et al.'' (2019).<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Akinobu Watanabe |author2=Anne-Claire Fabre |author3=Ryan N. Felice |author4=Jessica A. Maisano |author5=Johannes Müller |author6=Anthony Herrel |author7=Anjali Goswami |year=2019 |title=Ecomorphological diversification in squamates from conserved pattern of cranial integration |journal=Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America |volume=116 |issue=29 |pages=14688–14697 |doi=10.1073/pnas.1820967116 |pmid=31262818 |pmc=6642379 |doi-access=free }}</ref>
* A new assemblage of lizard tracks, representing the largest such assemblage yet reported from the [[Cretaceous]], is described from the [[Lower Cretaceous]] [[Jinju Formation]] ([[South Korea]]) by Kim ''et al.'' (2019), who name a new [[ichnotaxon]] ''[[Neosauroides]] innovatus''.<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Kyung Soo Kim |author2=Jong Deock Lim |author3=Martin G. Lockley |author4=Dong Hee Kim |author5=Laura Piñuela |author6=Jae Sang Yoo |year=2019 |title=Largest Cretaceous lizard track assemblage, new morphotypes and longest trackways comprise diverse components of an exceptional Korean Konservat-Lagerstätten ichnofauna |journal=Scientific Reports |volume=9 |issue=1 |article-number=13278 |doi=10.1038/s41598-019-49442-0 |pmid=31527673 |pmc=6746761 |bibcode=2019NatSR...913278K }}</ref>
*
*
*
*
* A study on the diet, habitat and timing and cause of extinction of ''[[Gallotia goliath]]'' is published by Crowley ''et al.'' (2019).<ref>{{cite journal |author1=Brooke Erin Crowley |author2=Yurena Yanes |author3=Stella Grace Mosher |author4=Juan Carlos Rando |year=2019 |title=Revisiting the foraging ecology and extinction history of two endemic vertebrates from Tenerife, Canary Islands |journal=Quaternary |volume=2 |issue=1 |article-number=10 |doi=10.3390/quat2010010 |doi-access=free }}</ref>
*
*
* A
*
*
* Bochaton ''et al.'' (2019) present equations producing estimations of size and weight of [[monitor lizard]]s on the basis of measurements of their bones, and use them to determine body size and weight of Late Pleistocene monitor lizards known from remains from the Doi Pha Kan rock shelter ([[Thailand]]).<ref>{{cite journal |author1=Corentin Bochaton |author2=Pauline Hanot |author3=Stéphane Frère |author4=Julien Claude |author5=Wilailuck Naksri |author6=Prasit Auetrakulvit |author7=Valéry Zeitoun |year=2019 |title=Size and weight estimations of subfossil monitor lizards (''Varanus'' sp. Merrem 1820) with an application to the Hoabinhian assemblage of Doi Pha Kan (Late Pleistocene, Lampang province, Thailand) |journal=Annales de Paléontologie |volume=105 |issue=4 |pages=295–304 |doi=10.1016/j.annpal.2019.05.003 |s2cid=201331999 }}</ref>
* A
* A study on the morphology of the marginal teeth of ''[[Mosasaurus]] lemonnieri'', and on their implications for the distinguishability of this species on the basis of fossil teeth, is published online by Madzia (2019).<ref>{{cite journal |author=Daniel Madzia |year=2019 |title=Dental variability and distinguishability in ''Mosasaurus lemonnieri'' (Mosasauridae) from the Campanian and Maastrichtian of Belgium, and implications for taxonomic assessments of mosasaurid dentitions |journal=Historical Biology: An International Journal of Paleobiology |volume=32 |issue=10 |pages=1340–1354 |doi=10.1080/08912963.2019.1588892 |s2cid=108526638 }}</ref>
* A
*
* An isolated tooth of a [[Tylosaurinae|tylosaurine]] mosasaur is described from the [[Turonian]] of the Apennine Carbonate Platform by Romano ''et al.'' (2019), representing the first tylosaurine from [[Italy]] and the southernmost occurrence of a tylosaurine in the northern margin of the Mediterranean [[Tethys Ocean|Tethys]].<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Marco Romano |author2=Riccardo Manni |author3=Enrico Venditti |author4=Umberto Nicosia |author5=Angelo Cipriani |year=2019 |title=First occurrence of a Tylosaurinae mosasaur from the Turonian of the Central Apennines, Italy |journal=Cretaceous Research |volume=96 |pages=196–209 |doi=10.1016/j.cretres.2019.01.001 |s2cid=135342154 }}</ref>
*
*
* A juvenile mosasaur specimen affected by [[infectious arthritis]] and [[spondyloarthropathy]] is described from the upper [[Maastrichtian]] of [[Antarctica]] by Talevi ''et al.'' (2019), representing the first report of a skeletal pathology of a mosasaur from the [[Southern Hemisphere]].<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Marianella Talevi |author2=Bruce Rothschild |author3=Marta Fernández |author4=Marcelo Reguero |author5=Matías Mitidieri |year=2019 |title=A pathological scapula in a mosasaur from the upper Maastrichtian of Antarctica: evidence of infectious arthritis and spondyloarthropathy |journal=Cretaceous Research |volume=100 |pages=1–4 |doi=10.1016/j.cretres.2019.03.024 |s2cid=135367471 |url=https://rid.unrn.edu.ar/jspui/handle/20.500.12049/5092 |hdl=11336/125089 |hdl-access=free }}</ref>
* A study on the spatial and temporal distribution and evolutionary history of [[Dolichosauridae|dolichosaurs]] is published by Campbell Mekarski, Pierce & Caldwell (2019).<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Michelle Campbell Mekarski |author2=Stephanie E. Pierce |author3=Michael W. Caldwell |year=2019 |title=Spatiotemporal distributions of non-ophidian ophidiomorphs, with implications for their origin, radiation, and extinction |journal=Frontiers in Earth Science |volume=7 |article-number=245 |doi=10.3389/feart.2019.00245 |bibcode=2019FrEaS...7..245M |doi-access=free }}</ref>
* A study on the evolution, [[Homology (biology)|homology]] and reduction of the [[Pelvis|pelvic]] elements and hindlimbs of snakes is published online by Palci ''et al.'' (2019).<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Alessandro Palci |author2=Mark N. Hutchinson |author3=Michael W. Caldwell |author4=Krister T. Smith |author5=Michael S. Y. Lee |year=2019 |title=The homologies and evolutionary reduction of the pelvis and hindlimbs in snakes, with the first report of ossified pelvic vestiges in an anomalepidid (''Liotyphlops beui'') |journal=Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society |volume=188 |issue=2 |pages=630–652 |doi=10.1093/zoolinnean/zlz098 |doi-access=free }}</ref>
* A study on the evolution of vertebral intercentrum system of snakes, as indicated by data from specimens of ''[[Najash]] rionegrina'' and ''[[Dinilysia]] patagonica'', is published by Garberoglio ''et al.'' (2019).<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Fernando F. Garberoglio |author2=Raúl O. Gómez |author3=Tiago R. Simões |author4=Michael W. Caldwell |author5=Sebastián Apesteguía |year=2019 |title=The evolution of the axial skeleton intercentrum system in snakes revealed by new data from the Cretaceous snakes ''Dinilysia'' and ''Najash'' |journal=Scientific Reports |volume=9 |issue=1 |article-number=1276 |doi=10.1038/s41598-018-36979-9 |pmid=30718525 |pmc=6362196 |bibcode=2019NatSR...9.1276G }}</ref>
* New specimen of ''Najash rionegrina'', consisting of a partial skull and closely associated vertebrae, is described by Garberoglio ''et al.'' (2019).<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Fernando F. Garberoglio |author2=Raúl O. Gómez |author3=Sebastián Apesteguía |author4=Michael W. Caldwell |author5=María L. Sánchez |author6=Gonzalo Veiga |year=2019 |title=A new specimen with skull and vertebrae of ''Najash rionegrina'' (Lepidosauria: Ophidia) from the early Late Cretaceous of Patagonia |journal=Journal of Systematic Palaeontology |volume=17 |issue=18 |pages=1533–1550 |doi=10.1080/14772019.2018.1534288 |s2cid=91780191 }}</ref>
* Description of new fossil material (including eight skulls) of ''Najash rionegrina'', and a study on the implications of these fossils for the knowledge of the evolution of the snake body plan, is published by Garberoglio ''et al.'' (2019).<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Fernando F. Garberoglio |author2=Sebastián Apesteguía |author3=Tiago R. Simões |author4=Alessandro Palci |author5=Raúl O. Gómez |author6=Randall L. Nydam |author7=Hans C. E. Larsson |author8=Michael S. Y. Lee |author9=Michael W. Caldwell |year=2019 |title=New skulls and skeletons of the Cretaceous legged snake ''Najash'', and the evolution of the modern snake body plan |journal=Science Advances |volume=5 |issue=11 |pages=eaax5833 |doi=10.1126/sciadv.aax5833 |pmid=31799393 |pmc=6867888 |bibcode=2019SciA....5.5833G }}</ref>
* A study on the vertebral microanatomy of extinct aquatic snakes belonging to the families [[Nigerophiidae]], [[Palaeophiidae]] and [[Russelophiidae]] is published by Houssaye ''et al.'' (2019).<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Alexandra Houssaye |author2=Anthony Herrel |author3=Renaud Boistel |author4=Jean-Claude Rage |year=2019 |title=Adaptation of the vertebral inner structure to an aquatic life in snakes: Pachyophiid peculiarities in comparison to extant and extinct forms |journal=Comptes Rendus Palevol |volume=18 |issue=7 |pages=783–799 |doi=10.1016/j.crpv.2019.05.004 |s2cid=209480050 |doi-access=free }}</ref>
* A study on the phylogenetic relationship and evolutionary history of [[caenophidia]]n snakes, as indicated by data from extant taxa and fossil record, is published by Zaher ''et al.'' (2019).<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Hussam Zaher |author2=Robert W. Murphy |author3=Juan Camilo Arredondo |author4=Roberta Graboski |author5=Paulo Roberto Machado-Filho |author6=Kristin Mahlow |author7=Giovanna G. Montingelli |author8=Ana Bottallo Quadros |author9=Nikolai L. Orlov |author10=Mark Wilkinson |author11=Ya-Ping Zhang |year=2019 |title=Large-scale molecular phylogeny, morphology, divergence-time estimation, and the fossil record of advanced caenophidian snakes (Squamata: Serpentes) |journal=PLOS ONE |volume=14 |issue=5 |pages=e0216148 |doi=10.1371/journal.pone.0216148 |pmid=31075128 |pmc=6512042 |bibcode=2019PLoSO..1416148Z |doi-access=free }}</ref>
* Revision of [[Dipsadinae|dipsadid]] snake fossils from [[Guadeloupe]] Islands is published by Bochaton ''et al.'' (2019).<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Corentin Bochaton |author2=Renaud Boistel |author3=Sandrine Grouard |author4=Ivan Ineich |author5=Anne Tresset |author6=Salvador Bailon |year=2019 |title=Fossil dipsadid snakes from the Guadeloupe Islands (French West-Indies) and their interactions with past human populations |journal=Geodiversitas |volume=41 |issue=12 |pages=501–523 |doi=10.5252/geodiversitas2019v41a12 |s2cid=198415595 |url=http://sciencepress.mnhn.fr/en/periodiques/geodiversitas/41/12 |doi-access=free }}</ref>
* Snake fauna from the [[Miocene]] of the Baikadam and Malyi Kalkaman 1 and 2 localities in northeastern [[Kazakhstan]], representing the best-documented Miocene snake assemblage in Central Asia, is described by Ivanov ''et al.'' (2019).<ref>{{cite journal |author1=Martin Ivanov |author2=Davit Vasilyan |author3=Madelaine Böhme |author4=Vladimir S. Zazhigin |year=2019 |title=Miocene snakes from northeastern Kazakhstan: new data on the evolution of snake assemblages in Siberia |journal=Historical Biology: An International Journal of Paleobiology |volume=31 |issue=10 |pages=1284–1303 |doi=10.1080/08912963.2018.1446086 |s2cid=90976993 }}</ref>
* Description of fossil snake vertebrae from the late [[Pleistocene]] fissure deposits of the [[Minatogawa Man]] site ([[Okinawa Island]], [[Japan]]) is published by Ikeda ''et al.'' (2019).<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Tadahiro Ikeda |author2=Akio Takahashi |author3=Makoto Manabe |author4=Yoshikazu Hasegawa |year=2019 |title=Snake vertebrae fossils occurred from the Minatogawa Man site, southern part of Okinawajima Island, Ryukyu Archipelago, southwestern Japan |journal=Bulletin of Gunma Museum of Natural History |volume=23 |pages=21–34 |url=http://www.gmnh.pref.gunma.jp/wp-content/uploads/bulletin23_3.pdf }}</ref>
*
* Description of fossil material of lizards from the Oligocene and Miocene of the [[Valley of the Lakes]] (central [[Mongolia]]) is published by Čerňanský & Augé (2019).<ref>{{cite journal |author1=Andrej Čerňanský |author2=Marc Louis Augé |year=2019 |title=The Oligocene and Miocene fossil lizards (Reptilia, Squamata) of Central Mongolia |journal=Geodiversitas |volume=41 |issue=24 |pages=811–839 |doi=10.5252/geodiversitas2019v41a24 |s2cid=214190322 |url=http://sciencepress.mnhn.fr/en/periodiques/geodiversitas/41/24 |doi-access=free }}</ref>
===New taxa===
Line 42 ⟶ 53:
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''[[
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Sp. nov
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Valid
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Čerňanský ''et al.''
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Early middle [[Miocene]]
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{{Flag|Russia}}
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A [[skink]], a species of ''[[Chalcides]]''. Announced in 2019; the final version of the article naming it was published in 2020.
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''[[Egernia gillespieae]]''<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Kailah M. Thorn |author2=Mark N. Hutchinson |author3=Michael Archer |author4=Michael S. Y. Lee |year=2019 |title=A new scincid lizard from the Miocene of Northern Australia, and the evolutionary history of social skinks (Scincidae: Egerniinae) |journal=Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology |volume=39 |issue=1 |pages=e1577873 |doi=10.1080/02724634.2019.1577873 |s2cid=155763347 }}</ref>
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Sp. nov
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Valid
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Thorn ''et al.''
Line 57 ⟶ 85:
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A [[skink]], a species of ''[[Egernia]]''.
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''[[Eomadtsoia]]''<ref>{{cite journal |author1=Raúl O. Gómez |author2=Fernando F. Garberoglio |author3=Guillermo W. Rougier |year=2019 |title=A new Late Cretaceous snake from Patagonia: Phylogeny and trends in body size evolution of madtsoiid snakes |journal=Comptes Rendus Palevol |volume=18 |issue=7 |pages=771–781 |doi=10.1016/j.crpv.2019.09.003 |hdl=11336/139595 |s2cid=213774502 |hdl-access=free }}</ref>
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Gen. et sp. nov
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Valid
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Gómez, Garberoglio & Rougier
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[[Late Cretaceous]] ([[Maastrichtian]])
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[[La Colonia Formation]]
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{{Flag|Argentina}}
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A [[Madtsoiidae|madtsoiid]] snake. Genus includes new species ''E. ragei''.
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{{Flag|Morocco}}
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A mosasaur.
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''[[Gurvelus]]''<ref name=PJ531Alifanov>{{Cite journal|author=V. R. Alifanov |year=2019 |title=Lizards of the families Eoxantidae, Ardeosauridae, Globauridae, and Paramacellodidae (Scincomorpha) from the Aptian–Albian of Mongolia |journal=Paleontological Journal |volume=53 |issue=1 |pages=74–88 |doi=10.1134/S0031030119010039 |s2cid=181824832 }}</ref>
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Gen. et sp. nov
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''[[
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Gen. et sp. nov
Line 101 ⟶ 148:
Valid
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Čerňanský
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Early [[Oligocene]]
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{{Flag|Mongolia}}
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Possibly a member of [[Dibamidae]]. Genus includes new species ''H. mongoliensis''.
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''[[Hongshanxi]]''<ref>{{cite journal |author1=Liping Dong |author2=Yuan Wang |author3=Lijie Mou |author4=Guoze Zhang |author5=Susan E. Evans |year=2019 |title=A new Jurassic lizard from China |journal=Geodiversitas |volume=41 |issue=16 |pages=623–641 |doi=10.5252/geodiversitas2019v41a16 |s2cid=204256127 |url=http://sciencepress.mnhn.fr/en/periodiques/geodiversitas/41/16 |doi-access=free }}</ref>
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Gen. et sp. nov
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Valid
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Dong ''et al.''
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[[Late Jurassic]] ([[Oxfordian (stage)|Oxfordian]])
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[[Tiaojishan Formation]]
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{{Flag|China}}
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A lizard of uncertain phylogenetic placement. The type species is ''H. xiei''.
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''[[Indrasaurus]]''<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Jingmai O'Connor |author2=Xiaoting Zheng |author3=Liping Dong |author4=Xiaoli Wang |author5=Yan Wang |author6=Xiaomei Zhang |author7=Zhonghe Zhou |year=2019 |title=''Microraptor'' with ingested lizard suggests non-specialized digestive function |journal=Current Biology |volume=29 |issue=14 |pages=2423–2429.e2 |doi=10.1016/j.cub.2019.06.020 |pmid=31303494 |s2cid=195887207 |doi-access=free }}</ref>
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Gen. et sp. nov
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Valid
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O'Connor ''et al.''
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[[Early Cretaceous]]
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A lizard belonging to the family [[Globauridae]]. The type species is ''K. aptiana''.
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''[[Lapparentophis|Lapparentophis ragei]]''<ref>{{Cite journal|author=Romain Vullo |year=2019 |title= A new species of ''Lapparentophis'' from the mid-Cretaceous Kem Kem beds, Morocco, with remarks on the distribution of lapparentophiid snakes |journal=Comptes Rendus Palevol |volume=18 |issue=7 |pages=765–770 |doi=10.1016/j.crpv.2019.08.004 |s2cid=210297438 |doi-access=free }}</ref>
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Sp. nov
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Valid
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Vullo
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[[Cretaceous]] ([[Albian]]–[[Cenomanian]])
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[[Kem Kem Beds]]
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{{Flag|Morocco}}
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An early snake.
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Line 149 ⟶ 249:
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''[[Ophisaurus manchenioi]]''<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Hugues-Alexandre Blain |author2=Salvador Bailon |year=2019 |title=Extirpation of ''Ophisaurus'' (Anguimorpha, Anguidae) in Western Europe coincided with the disappearance of subtropical ecosystems at the Early-Middle Pleistocene transition |journal=Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology |volume=520 |pages=96–113 |doi=10.1016/j.palaeo.2019.01.023 |s2cid=135280617 }}</ref>
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Sp. nov
Line 162 ⟶ 262:
{{Flag|Spain}}
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An [[Anguidae|anguid]] [[lizard]], a species of ''[[Ophisaurus]]''.
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''[[Palaeopython|Palaeopython helveticus]]''<ref>{{Cite journal |author1=Georgios L. Georgalis |author2=Torsten M. Scheyer |year=2019 |title=A new species of ''Palaeopython'' (Serpentes) and other extinct squamates from the Eocene of Dielsdorf (Zurich, Switzerland) |journal=[[Swiss Journal of Geosciences]] |volume=
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Sp. nov
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Valid
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Georgalis & Scheyer
Line 179 ⟶ 279:
{{Flag|Switzerland}}
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A boid snake.
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Line 200 ⟶ 301:
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''[[Paradorsetisaurus]]''<ref name=Paradorsetisaurus>{{Cite journal|author=V.R. Alifanov |year=2019 |title=Lizards of the families Dorsetisauridae and Xenosauridae (Anguimorpha) from the Aptian-Albian of Mongolia |journal=Paleontological Journal |volume=53 |issue=2 |pages=183–193 |doi=10.1134/S0031030119020023 |s2cid=195302163 |url=https://elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=37068691 |url-access=subscription }}</ref>
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Gen. et sp. nov
Line 217 ⟶ 318:
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''[[Paraxenophis]]''<ref name=Periergophis />
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Gen. et sp. nov
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Valid
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Georgalis ''et al.''
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Latest [[Miocene]] or earliest [[Pliocene]]
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{{Flag|Greece}}
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A [[Colubridae|colubrid]] snake. The type species is ''P. spanios''.
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''[[Periergophis]]''<ref name=Periergophis>{{cite journal |author1=Georgios L. Georgalis |author2=Andrea Villa |author3=Martin Ivanov |author4=Davit Vasilyan |author5=Massimo Delfino |year=2019 |title=Fossil amphibians and reptiles from the Neogene locality of Maramena (Greece), the most diverse European herpetofauna at the Miocene/Pliocene transition boundary |journal=Palaeontologia Electronica |volume=22 |issue=3 |pages=Article number 22.3.68 |doi=10.26879/908 |s2cid=210621662 |doi-access=free |hdl=2318/1715071 |hdl-access=free }}</ref>
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Gen. et sp. nov
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Valid
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Georgalis ''et al.''
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Latest [[Miocene]] or earliest [[Pliocene]]
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{{Flag|Greece}}
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A [[Colubridae|colubrid]] snake. The type species is ''P. micros''.
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''[[Portunatasaurus]]''<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Michelle Campbell Mekarski |author2=Dražen Japundžić |author3=Katarina Krizmanić |author4=Michael W. Caldwell |year=2019 |title=Description of a new basal mosasauroid from the Late Cretaceous of Croatia, with comments on the evolution of the mosasauroid forelimb |journal=Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology |volume=39 |issue=1 |pages=e1577872 |doi=10.1080/02724634.2019.1577872 |s2cid=182237952 }}</ref>
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Gen. et sp. nov
Line 231 ⟶ 366:
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An [[aigialosaur]] [[mosasaur]]oid. Genus includes new species ''P. krambergeri''.
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''[[Sardophis]]''<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Georgios L. Georgalis |author2=Marisa Arca |author3=Lorenzo Rook |author4=Caterinella Tuveri |author5=Massimo Delfino |year=2019 |title=A new colubroid snake (Serpentes) from the early Pleistocene of Sardinia, Italy |journal=Bollettino della Società Paleontologica Italiana |volume=58 |issue=3 |pages=277–294 |doi=10.4435/BSPI.2019.19 |doi-broken-date=4 July 2025 }}</ref>
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Gen. et sp. nov
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Valid
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Georgalis & Delfino ''in'' Georgalis ''et al.''
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Early [[Pleistocene]]
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{{Flag|Italy}}
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A snake, a member of [[Colubroidea]] of uncertain phylogenetic placement. The type species is ''S. elaphoides''.
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Line 253 ⟶ 405:
==Ichthyosauromorphs==
===Research===
*
* A study on the
* A study on the
* A study on
* A study on the
*
*
*
* Partial skeleton of a large ichthyosaur from the [[Lower Jurassic]] ([[Sinemurian]]) of [[Warwickshire]], [[England]] is described by Lomax, Porro & Larkin (2019), who assign this specimen to the species ''[[Protoichthyosaurus]] prostaxalis''.<ref>{{cite journal |author1=Dean R. Lomax |author2=Laura B. Porro |author3=Nigel R. Larkin |year=2019 |title=Descriptive anatomy of the largest known specimen of ''Protoichthyosaurus prostaxalis'' (Reptilia: Ichthyosauria) including computed tomography and digital reconstruction of a three-dimensional skull |journal=PeerJ |volume=7 |article-number=e6112 |doi=10.7717/peerj.6112 |pmid=30643690 |pmc=6329338 |doi-access=free }}</ref>
* A study on the
* A
* A
* A study on the
*
* Description of new ophthalmosaurid fossils from the Upper Jurassic of the Slottsmøya Member Lagerstätte ([[Spitsbergen]], [[Norway]]) and a study on the phylogenetic relationships of ophthalmosaurid specimens from the Slottsmøya Member Lagerstätte is published by Delsett ''et al.'' (2019).<ref>{{cite journal |author1=Lene L. Delsett |author2=Aubrey J. Roberts |author3=Patrick S. Druckenmiller |author4=Jørn H. Hurum |year=2019 |title=Osteology and phylogeny of Late Jurassic ichthyosaurs from the Slottsmøya Member Lagerstätte (Spitsbergen, Svalbard) |journal=Acta Palaeontologica Polonica |volume=64 |issue=4 |pages=717–743 |doi=10.4202/app.00571.2018 |s2cid=210294877 |doi-access=free |hdl=10852/76089 |hdl-access=free }}</ref>
* A revision of the [[type series]] of all three species of ''[[Undorosaurus]]'' is published by Zverkov & Efimov (2019).<ref>{{cite journal |author1=Nikolay G. Zverkov |author2=Vladimir M. Efimov |year=2019 |title=Revision of ''Undorosaurus'', a mysterious Late Jurassic ichthyosaur of the Boreal Realm |journal=Journal of Systematic Palaeontology |volume=17 |issue=14 |pages=1183–1213 |doi=10.1080/14772019.2018.1515793 |bibcode=2019JSPal..17.1183Z |s2cid=91912834 |url=https://figshare.com/articles/Revision_of_i_Undorosaurus_i_a_mysterious_Late_Jurassic_ichthyosaur_of_the_Boreal_Realm/7624868 }}</ref>
* A study on the taxonomy and phylogeny of ichthyosaurs belonging to the genus ''[[Arthropterygius]]'' is published by Zverkov & Prilepskaya (2019).<ref>{{cite journal |author1=Nikolay G. Zverkov |author2=Natalya E. Prilepskaya |year=2019 |title=A prevalence of ''Arthropterygius'' (Ichthyosauria: Ophthalmosauridae) in the Late Jurassic—earliest Cretaceous of the Boreal Realm |journal=PeerJ |volume=7 |article-number=e6799 |doi=10.7717/peerj.6799 |pmid=31106052 |pmc=6497043 |doi-access=free }}</ref>
* New fossil remains of ''[[Platypterygius]] sachicarum'' (a new skull and associated postcranial remains of upper [[Barremian]] age) are described from Villa de Leyva, [[Colombia]] by Maxwell ''et al.'' (2019), representing the first documented postcranial remains of this species.<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Erin E. Maxwell |author2=Dirley Cortés |author3=Pedro Patarroyo |author4=Mary Luz Parra Ruge |year=2019 |title=A new specimen of ''Platypterygius sachicarum'' (Reptilia, Ichthyosauria) from the Early Cretaceous of Colombia and its phylogenetic implications |journal=Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology |volume=39 |issue=1 |pages=e1577875 |doi=10.1080/02724634.2019.1577875 |s2cid=146059015 }}</ref>
===New taxa===
{| class="wikitable sortable" align="center" width="100%"
|-
! Name
! Novelty
! Status
! Authors
! Age
! Type locality
! Country
! Notes
! Images
|-
|
''[[Arthropterygius|Arthropterygius thalassonotus]]''<ref>{{cite journal |author1=Lisandro Campos |author2=Marta S. Fernández |author3=Yanina Herrera |year=2020 |title=A new ichthyosaur from the Late Jurassic of north-west Patagonia (Argentina) and its significance for the evolution of the narial complex of the ophthalmosaurids |journal=Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society |volume=188 |issue=1 |pages=180–201 |doi=10.1093/zoolinnean/zlz095 |doi-access=free }}</ref>
|
Sp. nov
|
Valid
|
Campos, Fernández & Herrera
|
[[Late Jurassic]]
|
[[Vaca Muerta]] Formation
|
{{Flag|Argentina}}
|
|
|-
|
''[[Chaohusaurus|Chaohusaurus brevifemoralis]]''<ref>{{cite journal |author1=Jian-dong Huang |author2=Ryosuke Motani |author3=Da-yong Jiang |author4=Andrea Tintori |author5=Olivier Rieppel |author6=Min Zhou |author7=Xin-Xin Ren |author8=Rong Zhang |year=2019 |title=The new ichthyosauriform ''Chaohusaurus brevifemoralis'' (Reptilia, Ichthyosauromorpha) from Majiashan, Chaohu, Anhui Province, China |journal=PeerJ |volume=7 |article-number=e7561 |doi=10.7717/peerj.7561 |pmid=31565558 |pmc=6741286 |doi-access=free }}</ref>
|
Sp. nov
|
Valid
|
Huang ''et al.''
|
[[Early Triassic]]
|
|
{{Flag|China}}
|
|[[File:Chaohusaurus_brevifemoralis_Holotype_NGMC.jpg|center|frameless]]
|-
|}
==Sauropterygians==
===Research===
* A study on the
* A study on the
* A study on the [[taphonomy]] of sauropterygian specimens from the Middle Triassic fossil deposit of Winterswijk (the [[Netherlands]]) is published by Heijne, Klein & Sander (2019).<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Jelle Heijne |author2=Nicole Klein |author3=P. Martin Sander |year=2019 |title=The uniquely diverse taphonomy of the marine reptile skeletons (Sauropterygia) from the Lower Muschelkalk (Anisian) of Winterswijk, The Netherlands |journal=PalZ |volume=93 |issue=1 |pages=69–92 |doi=10.1007/s12542-018-0438-0 |s2cid=133992814 }}</ref>
* The first subadult specimen of ''[[Psephochelys]] polyosteoderma'', representing the most complete specimen of this taxon reported so far and providing new information on the anatomy of this taxon, is described from south-western [[China]] by Wang, Ma & Li (2019).<ref>{{cite journal |author1=Wei Wang |author2=Feimin Ma |author3=Chun Li |year=2019 |title=First subadult specimen of ''Psephochelys polyosteoderma'' (Sauropterygia, Placodontia) implies turtle-like fusion pattern of the carapace |journal=Papers in Palaeontology |volume=6 |issue=2 |pages=251–264 |doi=10.1002/spp2.1293 |s2cid=212865203 }}</ref>
* The first adult specimen of ''[[Sinocyamodus]] xinpuensis'' reported so far is described by Wang, Li & Wu (2019).<ref>{{cite journal |author1=Wei Wang |author2=Chun Li |author3=Xiao-Chun Wu |year=2019 |title=An adult specimen of ''Sinocyamodus xinpuensis'' (Sauropterygia: Placodontia) from Guanling, Guizhou, China |journal=Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society |volume=185 |issue=3 |pages=910–924 |doi=10.1093/zoolinnean/zly080 }}</ref>
* Two [[pachypleurosaur]] specimens are described from the Lashio Basin ([[Myanmar]]) by San ''et al.'' (2019), representing the first [[Triassic]] vertebrate fossils from Myanmar reported so far.<ref>{{cite journal |author1=Khaing Khaing San |author2=Nicholas C. Fraser |author3=Davide Foffa |author4=Olivier Rieppel |author5=Stephen L. Brusatte |year=2019 |title=The first Triassic vertebrate fossils from Myanmar: Pachypleurosaurs in a marine limestone |journal=Acta Palaeontologica Polonica |volume=64 |issue=2 |pages=357–362 |doi=10.4202/app.00594.2019 |s2cid=149583826 |doi-access=free |hdl=20.500.11820/5fa5756a-4e76-4f62-b444-413ff379fbbd |hdl-access=free }}</ref>
* A
*
*
*
* A study on [[hydrodynamics]] of neck length and thickness in plesiosaurs is published by Troelsen ''et al.'' (2019).<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Pernille V. Troelsen |author2=David M. Wilkinson |author3=Mehdi Seddighi |author4=David R. Allanson |author5=Peter L. Falkingham |year=2019 |title=Functional morphology and hydrodynamics of plesiosaur necks: Does size matter? |journal=Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology |volume=39 |issue=2 |pages=e1594850 |doi=10.1080/02724634.2019.1594850 |s2cid=181587237 |url=https://researchonline.ljmu.ac.uk/id/eprint/10242/1/Troelsen%20et%20al.pdf }}</ref>
* Pathological fusions of neck vertebrae are reported in four plesiosaur specimens from different geological horizons by Sassoon (2019).<ref>{{cite journal |author=Judyth Sassoon |year=2019 |title=Congenital and late onset vertebral fusions in long necked plesiosaurs: The first report of spondylosis deformans in Sauropterygians |journal=Palaeontologia Electronica |volume=22 |issue=1 |pages=Article number 22.1.1 |doi=10.26879/913 |s2cid=135461586 |doi-access=free }}</ref>
* Four teeth of a freshwater plesiosaur are described from the [[Middle Jurassic]] [[Xinhe Formation]] ([[Gansu]], [[China]]) by Gao ''et al.'' (2019).<ref>{{cite journal |author1=Ting Gao |author2=Da-Qing Li |author3=Long-Feng Li |author4=Jing-Tao Yang |year=2019 |title=The first record of freshwater plesiosaurian from the Middle Jurassic of Gansu, NW China, with its implications to the local palaeobiogeography |journal=Journal of Palaeogeography |volume=8 |issue=1 |article-number=27 |doi=10.1186/s42501-019-0043-5 |bibcode=2019JPalG...8...27G |s2cid=199547716 |doi-access=free }}</ref>
* The first plesiosaur remains from [[Peru]] are described from the Lower Cretaceous [[La Herradura Formation]] by Meza-Vélez & O'Gorman (2019).<ref>{{cite journal |author1=Iván Meza-Vélez |author2=José P. O'Gorman |year=2019 |title=First plesiosaurian record (Diapsida; Sauropterygia) from the La Herradura Formation, (Valanginian–Hauterivian), Morro Solar, Peru |journal=Cretaceous Research |volume=106 |article-number=104247 |doi=10.1016/j.cretres.2019.104247 |s2cid=204267246 }}</ref>
* A review of the fossil record of Late Cretaceous Antarctic plesiosaurs is published by O'Gorman ''et al.'' (2019).<ref>{{cite journal |author1=José Patricio O'Gorman |author2=Rodrigo Otero |author3=Marcelo Reguero |author4=Zulma Gasparini |year=2019 |title=Cretaceous Antarctic plesiosaurs: stratigraphy, systematics and paleobiogeography |journal=Advances in Polar Science |volume=30 |issue=3 |pages=210–227 |doi=10.13679/j.advps.2018.0049 }}</ref>
*
*
*
* A
* Description of fossils of plesiosaurs from the Late Jurassic of European [[Russia]] belonging or related to the genus ''[[Colymbosaurus]]'', and a study evaluating the [[Biogeography#Paleobiogeography|palaeobiogeographic]] implications of these fossils, is published online by Arkhangelsky ''et al.'' (2019).<ref>{{cite journal |author1=Maxim S. Arkhangelsky |author2=Nikolay G. Zverkov |author3=Mikhail A. Rogov |author4=Ilya M. Stenshin |author5=Evgeniya M. Baykina |year=2019 |title=Colymbosaurines from the Upper Jurassic of European Russia and their implication for palaeobiogeography of marine reptiles |journal=Palaeobiodiversity and Palaeoenvironments |volume=100 |issue=1 |pages=197–218 |doi=10.1007/s12549-019-00397-0 |s2cid=201983459 }}</ref>
* A
*
* A study on the skull [[Morphology (biology)|morphology]] of two specimens of ''[[Dolichorhynchops]] bonneri'' from the [[Pierre Shale]] of [[South Dakota]], as well as on the phylogenetic relationships of this species, is published by Morgan & O'Keefe (2019).<ref>{{cite journal |author1=Donald J. Morgan III |author2=F. Robin O'Keefe |year=2019 |title=The cranial osteology of two specimens of ''Dolichorhynchops bonneri'' (Plesiosauria, Polycotylidae) from the Campanian of South Dakota, and a cladistic analysis of the Polycotylidae |journal=Cretaceous Research |volume=96 |pages=149–171 |doi=10.1016/j.cretres.2018.11.027 |s2cid=134887820 }}</ref>
* A study on bone [[histology]] and ontogeny of the gravid specimen of ''[[Polycotylus]] latipinnus'' displayed at the [[Los Angeles County Museum of Natural History]], and on its implications for interpreting a histological growth series in ''Dolichorhynchops bonneri'', is published by O'Keefe ''et al.'' (2019).<ref>{{cite journal |author1=F. R. O'Keefe |author2=P. M. Sander |author3=T. Wintrich |author4=S. Werning |year=2019 |title=Ontogeny of polycotylid long bone microanatomy and histology |journal=Integrative Organismal Biology |volume=1 |issue=1 |pages=oby007 |doi=10.1093/iob/oby007 |pmid=33791514 |pmc=7671113 }}</ref>
* Skull and neck bones of an [[Elasmosauridae|elasmosaurid]] plesiosaur are described from the [[Cenomanian]] [[Hegushi Formation]] ([[Japan]]) by Utsunomiya (2019), representing the oldest confirmed elasmosaurid in Japan and in East Asia.<ref>{{cite journal |author=Satoshi Utsunomiya |year=2019 |title=Oldest Elasmosauridae(Plesiosauria) in East Asia from the Upper Cretaceous Goshoura Group, Shishijima Island, southwestern Japan |journal=Bulletin of the Osaka Museum of Natural History |volume=73 |pages=23–35 |doi=10.20643/00001333 }}</ref>
* A postcranial skeleton of an elasmosaurid belonging or related to the genus ''[[Aristonectes]]'' is described from the uppermost [[Maastrichtian]] levels of the [[Lopez de Bertodano Formation]] ([[Seymour Island]], [[Antarctica]]) by O'Gorman ''et al.'' (2019), who report that this specimen is one of the largest known elasmosaurid specimens worldwide.<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=J.P. O'Gorman |author2=S. Santillana |author3=R. Otero |author4=M. Reguero |year=2019 |title=A giant elasmosaurid (Sauropterygia; Plesiosauria) from Antarctica: new information on elasmosaurid body size diversity and aristonectine evolutionary scenarios |journal=Cretaceous Research |volume=102 |pages=37–58 |doi=10.1016/j.cretres.2019.05.004 |s2cid=181725020 }}</ref>
* Description of new fossil material of ''[[Kawanectes]] lafquenianum'' from the upper [[Campanian]]–[[Maastrichtian]] levels of the [[La Colonia Formation]] ([[Argentina]]), extending known stratigraphical range of this taxon and providing new information on diagnostic character states for ''K. lafquenianum'', is published online by O'Gorman (2019).<ref>{{Cite journal|author=José Patricio O'Gorman |year=2019 |title=First record of ''Kawanectes lafquenianum'' (Plesiosauria, Elasmosauridae) from the La Colonia Formation of Argentina, with comments on the mandibular morphology of elasmosaurids |journal=Alcheringa: An Australasian Journal of Palaeontology |volume=44 |issue=1 |pages=176–193 |doi=10.1080/03115518.2019.1687754 |s2cid=213090343 }}</ref>
* Digital [[endocast]]s of two specimens of ''[[Libonectes]] morgani'' and a [[Polycotylidae|polycotylid]] from the [[Turonian]] of Goulmima ([[Morocco]]) are reconstructed by Allemand ''et al.'' (2019).<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Rémi Allemand |author2=Alexandra Houssaye |author3=Nathalie Bardet |author4=Peggy Vincent |year=2019 |title=Endocranial anatomy of plesiosaurians (Reptilia, Plesiosauria) from the Late Cretaceous (Turonian) of Goulmima (Southern Morocco) |journal=Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology |volume=39 |issue=2 |pages=e1595636 |doi=10.1080/02724634.2019.1595636 |s2cid=181790183 |url=https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02354078/file/Allemand%20et%20al%202019%20Endocranial%20anatomy%20of%20plesiosaurians.pdf }}</ref>
===New taxa===
Line 304 ⟶ 519:
|-
|
''[[Cyamodus|Cyamodus orientalis]]'' <ref>{{cite journal |author1=Wei Wang |author2=Chun Li |author3=Torsten M. Scheyer |author4=Lijun Zhao |year=2019 |title=A new species of ''Cyamodus'' (Placodontia, Sauropterygia) from the early Late Triassic of south-west China |journal=Journal of Systematic Palaeontology |volume=17 |issue=17 |pages=
|
Sp. nov
Line 321 ⟶ 536:
|-
|
''[[Glyphoderma|Glyphoderma robusta]]'' <ref>{{cite journal |author1=Jinyuan Hu |author2=Tao Jiang |author3=Zhiguang Li |year=2019 |title=A new species of ''Glyphoderma'' (Reptilia: Placodontia) of Middle Triassic from Fuyuan County, Yunnan Province, China |journal=Journal of Geology |volume=43 |issue=4 |pages=595–598 |url=http://eng.oversea.cnki.net/kcms/detail/detail.aspx?dbCode=cjfq&QueryID=11&CurRec=8&filename=JSDZ201904008&dbname=CJFDLAST2020 |access-date=2020-05-03 |archive-date=2020-09-13 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200913000918/http://eng.oversea.cnki.net/kcms/detail/detail.aspx?dbCode=cjfq&QueryID=11&CurRec=8&filename=JSDZ201904008&dbname=CJFDLAST2020 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
|
Sp. nov
|
Valid
|
Hu, Jiang & Li
|
[[Middle Triassic]] ([[Ladinian]])
|
[[Falang Formation]]
|
{{Flag|China}}
|
|
|-
|
''[[Leivanectes]]''<ref>{{cite journal |author1=Maria Eurídice Páramo-Fonseca |author2=José Patricio O'Gorman |author3=Zulma Gasparini |author4=Santiago Padilla |author5=Mary Luz Parra Ruge |year=2019 |title=A new late Aptian elasmosaurid from the Paja Formation, Villa de Leiva, Colombia |journal=Cretaceous Research |volume=99 |pages=30–40 |doi=10.1016/j.cretres.2019.02.010 |hdl=11336/127809 |s2cid=134171636 |hdl-access=free }}</ref>
|
Gen. et sp. nov
Line 339 ⟶ 571:
|-
|
''[[Lindwurmia]]''<ref>{{cite journal |author1=Peggy Vincent |author2=Glenn W. Storrs |year=2019 |title=''Lindwurmia'', a new genus of Plesiosauria (Reptilia: Sauropterygia) from the earliest Jurassic of Halberstadt, northwest Germany |journal=The Science of Nature |volume=106 |issue=1–2 |
|
Gen. et sp. nov
Line 353 ⟶ 585:
|
An early member of [[Plesiosauria]]. Genus includes new species ''L. thiuda''.
|[[File:Museum_Heineanum_Rudersaurier_Eurycleidus_arcuatus.jpg|center|frameless]]
|-
|
''[[Microcleidus|Microcleidus melusinae]]'' <ref>{{cite journal |author1=Peggy Vincent |author2=Robert Weis |author3=Guy Kronz |author4=Dominique Delsate |year=2019 |title=''Microcleidus melusinae'', a new plesiosaurian (Reptilia, Plesiosauria) from the Toarcian of Luxembourg |journal=Geological Magazine |volume=156 |issue=1 |pages=99–116 |doi=10.1017/S0016756817000814 |bibcode=2019GeoM..156...99V |s2cid=135111068 |url=https://hal.sorbonne-universite.fr/hal-02298448/file/Vincent%20et%20al.%20-%202019%20-%20Microcleidus%20melusinae%2C%20a%20new%20plesiosaurian%20%28Repti.pdf }}</ref>
|
Sp. nov
Line 373 ⟶ 605:
|-
|
''[[Nothosaurus|Nothosaurus cristatus]]''<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Juliane K. Hinz |author2=Andreas T. Matzke |author3=Hans-Ulrich Pfretzschner |year=2019 |title=A new nothosaur (Sauropterygia) from the Ladinian of Vellberg-Eschenau, southern Germany |journal=Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology |volume=
|
Sp. nov
|
Valid
|
Hinz, Matzke & Pfretzschner
Line 390 ⟶ 622:
|-
|
''[[Panzhousaurus]]''<ref>{{cite journal |author1=Da-Yong Jiang |author2=Wen-Bin Lin |author3=Olivier Rieppel |author4=Ryosuke Motani |author5=Zuo-Yu Sun |year=2019 |title=A new Anisian (Middle Triassic) eosauropterygian (Reptilia, Sauropterygia) from Panzhou, Guizhou Province, China |journal=Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology |volume=38 |issue=4 |pages=(1)–(9) |doi=10.1080/02724634.2018.1480113 |s2cid=109794338 }}</ref>
|
Gen. et sp. nov
Line 407 ⟶ 639:
|-
|}
==Turtles==
===Research===
* A study on the phylogenetic relationships of living and fossil turtles is published by Evers & Benson (2019).<ref>{{cite journal |author1=Serjoscha W. Evers |author2=Roger B. J. Benson |year=2019 |title=A new phylogenetic hypothesis of turtles with implications for the timing and number of evolutionary transitions to marine lifestyles in the group |journal=Palaeontology |volume=62 |issue=1 |pages=93–134 |doi=10.1111/pala.12384 |s2cid=134736808 |url=https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:33a26ae9-a5f6-43b5-ace1-2d17b1dadeb6 }}</ref>
* A study on the evolution and [[Ontogeny|ontogenetic]] development of the akinetic skull of turtles, based on data from extant and fossil taxa, is published by Werneburg & Maier (2019).<ref>{{cite journal |author1=Ingmar Werneburg |author2=Wolfgang Maier |year=2019 |title=Diverging development of akinetic skulls in cryptodire and pleurodire turtles: an ontogenetic and phylogenetic study |journal=Vertebrate Zoology |volume=69 |issue=2 |pages=113–143 |doi=10.26049/VZ69-2-2019-01 }}</ref>
* A study on the
* A study on the shell composition in [[Proterochersidae|proterochersids]] and other [[Triassic]] [[Pantestudines|pantestudinates]] is published by Szczygielski & Sulej (2019).<ref>{{cite journal |author1=Tomasz Szczygielski |author2=Tomasz Sulej |year=2019 |title=The early composition and evolution of the turtle shell (Reptilia, Testudinata) |journal=Palaeontology |volume=62 |issue=3 |pages=375–415 |doi=10.1111/pala.12403 |s2cid=134011993 }}</ref>
* Fragmentary fossil material of a [[Basal (phylogenetics)|basal]] turtle belonging to the clade [[Mesochelydia]] * Description of new fossil material of ''[[Condorchelys]] antiqua'', and a study on the phylogenetic relationships of early turtles, is published by Sterli, de la Fuente & Rougier (2019).<ref>{{cite journal |author1=Juliana Sterli |author2=Marcelo S. de la Fuente |author3=Guillermo W. Rougier |year=2019 |title=New remains of ''Condorchelys antiqua'' (Testudinata) from the Early-Middle Jurassic of Patagonia: anatomy, phylogeny, and paedomorphosis in the early evolution of turtles |journal=Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology |volume=38 |issue=4 |pages=(1)–(17) |doi=10.1080/02724634.2018.1480112 |s2cid=109556104 |hdl=11336/99525 |hdl-access=free }}</ref>
*
*
*
*
*
* A
*
* A
* A
*
*
* A
* A late [[Pleistocene]] nuchal bone is described from the Muaco site (western [[Venezuela]]) by Cadena & Carrillo-Briceño (2019), who interpret this specimen as the first undisputable fossil of a member of the genus ''[[Rhinoclemmys]]'' found east of the [[Andes]].<ref>{{cite journal |author1=Edwin Alberto Cadena |author2=Jorge D. Carrillo-Briceño |year=2019 |title=First fossil of ''Rhinoclemmys'' Fitzinger, 1826 (Cryptodira, Geoemydidae) east of the Andes |journal=South American Journal of Herpetology |volume=14 |issue=1 |pages=19–23 |doi=10.2994/SAJH-D-17-00099.1 |s2cid=146111011 }}</ref>
* A study on the mass of North American Pleistocene [[tortoise]]s, on the relationship between the mass of tortoises and their ability to maintain a viable body temperature at low ambient temperatures, and on the implications of this relationships for the knowledge of Pleistocene temperatures in the areas from which tortoise fossils are known, is published by Esker, Forman & Butler (2019).<ref>{{cite journal |author1=Donald A. Esker |author2=Steve L. Forman |author3=Dava K. Butler |year=2019 |title=Reconstructing the mass and thermal ecology of North American Pleistocene tortoises |journal=Paleobiology |volume=45 |issue=2 |pages=363–377 |doi=10.1017/pab.2019.6 |s2cid=155216574 }}</ref>
* A study on the phylogenetic relationships and biogeographic origin of tortoises belonging to the genus ''[[Cylindraspis]]'', based on data from near-complete mitochondrial genomes, is published by Kehlmaier ''et al.'' (2019).<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Christian Kehlmaier |author2=Eva Graciá |author3=Patrick D. Campbell |author4=Margaretha D. Hofmeyr |author5=Silke Schweiger |author6=Albert Martínez-Silvestre |author7=Walter Joyce |author8=Uwe Fritz |year=2019 |title=Ancient mitogenomics clarifies radiation of extinct Mascarene giant tortoises (''Cylindraspis'' spp.) |journal=Scientific Reports |volume=9 |issue=1 |article-number=17487 |doi=10.1038/s41598-019-54019-y |pmid=31767921 |pmc=6877638 |bibcode=2019NatSR...917487K }}</ref>
* Three incomplete shells of ''[[Protestudo]] bessarabica'' are described from the late Miocene of the Belka locality by Syromyatnikova ''et al.'' (2019), representing the first record of this species from [[Ukraine]] reported so far.<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=E.V. Syromyatnikova |author2=T.V. Krakhmalnaya |author3=V.M. Chkhikvadze |author4=I.G. Danilov |year=2019 |title=Turtles ''Protestudo bessarabica'' from the Late Miocene of Ukraine |journal=Paleontological Journal |volume=53 |issue=6 |pages=647–659 |doi=10.1134/S003103011906011X |s2cid=210926442 |url=https://elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=41169169 |url-access=subscription }}</ref>
* A study on the skeletal anatomy and phylogenetic relationships of ''[[Rhinochelys]] pulchriceps'' is published by Evers, Barrett & Benson (2019).<ref>{{cite journal |author1=Serjoscha W. Evers |author2=Paul M. Barrett |author3=Roger B. J. Benson |year=2019 |title=Anatomy of ''Rhinochelys pulchriceps'' (Protostegidae) and marine adaptation during the early evolution of chelonioids |journal=PeerJ |volume=7 |article-number=e6811 |doi=10.7717/peerj.6811 |pmid=31106054 |pmc=6500378 |doi-access=free }}</ref>
* Digital endocasts of the brain cavity and endosseous labyrinth of ''Rhinochelys pulchriceps'' are presented by Evers ''et al.'' (2019), who use these endocasts to study [[neuroanatomy]] and [[carotid]] circulation of this species.<ref>{{cite journal |author1=Serjoscha W. Evers |author2=James M. Neenan |author3=Gabriel S. Ferreira |author4=Ingmar Werneburg |author5=Paul M. Barrett |author6=Roger B. J. Benson |year=2019 |title=Neurovascular anatomy of the protostegid turtle ''Rhinochelys pulchriceps'' and comparisons of membranous and endosseous labyrinth shape in an extant turtle |journal=Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society |volume=187 |issue=3 |pages=800–828 |doi=10.1093/zoolinnean/zlz063 |doi-access=free }}</ref>
* A gravid specimen of ''[[Desmatochelys padillai]]'', representing the first indisputable gravid marine fossil turtle reported so far, is described from the [[Lower Cretaceous]] of [[Colombia]] by Cadena ''et al.'' (2019), who interpret this specimen as indicating that ''D. padillai'' produced rigid eggs similar to those associated with some extant and fossil freshwater and terrestrial turtles, and unlike flexible eggs produced by extant marine turtles.<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Edwin-Alberto Cadena |author2=Mary L. Parra-Ruge |author3=Juan de D. Parra-Ruge |author4=Santiago Padilla-Bernal |year=2019 |title=A gravid fossil turtle from the Early Cretaceous reveals a different egg development strategy to that of extant marine turtles |journal=Palaeontology |volume=62 |issue=4 |pages=533–545 |doi=10.1111/pala.12413 |s2cid=134446621 }}</ref>
* A specimen of ''Desmatochelys'' belonging or related to the species ''D. lowii'' is described from the lower [[Campanian]] [[Austin Formation]] ([[Coahuila]], [[Mexico]]) by López-Conde ''et al.'' (2019), representing the first record of the family [[Protostegidae]] in the Late Cretaceous of Mexico reported so far.<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Oliver A. López-Conde |author2=Juliana Sterli |author3=Jesús Alvarado-Ortega |author4=María L. Chavarría-Arellano |author5=Héctor Porras-Múzquiz |year=2019 |title=The first record of ''Desmatochelys'' cf. ''D. lowii'' from the Late Cretaceous (Campanian) of Coahuila, Mexico |journal=Journal of South American Earth Sciences |volume=94 |article-number=102204 |doi=10.1016/j.jsames.2019.05.020 |bibcode=2019JSAES..9402204L |s2cid=182226555 }}</ref>
* An isolated [[Turtle shell#Carapace|carapacial]] ossicle of a member of the genus ''[[Psephophorus]]'' is described from the lowermost [[Pliocene]] [[Purisima Formation]] ([[California]], [[United States]]) by Fallon & Boessenecker (2019), representing the first occurrence of a sea turtle from this formation.<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Bailey R. Fallon |author2=Robert W. Boessenecker |year=2019 |title=First record of the leatherback sea turtle (Dermochelyidae) from the Mio-Pliocene Purisima Formation of northern California, USA |journal=PaleoBios |volume=36 |pages=ucmp_paleobios_44240 |url=https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2c38b585 }}</ref>
*
* Description of
*
* A study on turtle remains from five [[Holocene]] localities in [[Thailand|Thai]] central plain, and on their implications for the knowledge of changes of turtle biodiversity in this area over the Holocene, is published by Claude ''et al.'' (2019).<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Julien Claude |author2=Prasit Auetrakulvit |author3=Wilailuck Naksri |author4=Corentin Bochaton |author5=Valéry Zeitoun |author6=HaiyanTong |year=2019 |title=The recent fossil turtle record of the central plain of Thailand reveals local extinctions |journal=Annales de Paléontologie |volume=105 |issue=4 |pages=305–315 |doi=10.1016/j.annpal.2019.04.005 |s2cid=197569669 }}</ref>
===New taxa===
Line 445 ⟶ 688:
|-
|
''[[
|
Gen. et sp. nov
Line 451 ⟶ 694:
Valid
|
Gentry, Ebersole & Kiernan
|
[[Late Cretaceous]] ([[Campanian]])
|
[[Demopolis Chalk]]
|
{{Flag|United States}}<br>({{Flag|Alabama}}<br>{{Flag|Mississippi}})
|
A member of the family [[Ctenochelyidae]]. The type species is ''A. parhami''.
|
|-
|
''[[Axestemys|Axestemys infernalis]]''<ref>{{cite journal |author1=Walter G. Joyce |author2=Donald B. Brinkman |author3=Tyler R. Lyson |year=2019 |title=A new species of trionychid turtle, ''Axestemys infernalis'' sp. nov., from the Late Cretaceous (Maastrichtian) Hell Creek and Lance formations of the Northern Great Plains, USA |journal=Palaeontologia Electronica |volume=22 |issue=3 |pages=Article number 22.3.72 |doi=10.26879/949 |s2cid=214538408 |doi-access=free }}</ref>
|
Sp. nov
|
Valid
|
Joyce, Brinkman & [[Tyler Lyson|Lyson]]
|
[[Late Cretaceous]] ([[Maastrichtian]])
|
[[Hell Creek Formation]]<br>
[[Lance Formation]]
|
{{Flag|United States}}<br>({{Flag|Montana}}<br>{{Flag|North Dakota}}<br>{{Flag|South Dakota}}<br>{{Flag|Wyoming}})
|
A member of the family [[Trionychidae]].
|[[File:Axestemys_infernalis.jpg|center|frameless]]
|-
|
''[[Banhxeochelys]]''<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Rafaella C. Garbin |author2=Madelaine Böhme |author3=Walter G. Joyce |year=2019 |title=A new testudinoid turtle from the middle to late Eocene of Vietnam |journal=PeerJ |volume=7 |article-number=e6280 |doi=10.7717/peerj.6280 |pmid=30805245 |pmc=6383559 |doi-access=free }}</ref>
|
Gen. et sp. nov
|
Valid
|
Garbin, [[Madelaine Böhme|Böhme]] & Joyce
|
[[Eocene]] (late [[Bartonian]]–late [[Priabonian]])
Line 459 ⟶ 739:
|
A [[Crown group#Pan-group|pan]]-[[Geoemydidae|geoemydid]]. The type species is ''B. trani''.
|[[File:Banhxeochelys_carapax_collage_-_Garbin_et_al_2019.png|center|frameless]]
|-
|
''[[Duboisemys]]''<ref>{{cite journal |author1=Hans-Volker Karl |author2=Amtyaz Safi |author3=Hans-Dieter Philippen |year=2019 |title=Evidences of cheloniophagy by early hominid (''Homo erectus'') during middle of Pleistocene from beds of Trinil's layers in central Java (Indonesia), with an updated list of Trinil's Testudines, and a redescription of ''Duboisemys isoclina'' (Dubois, 1908) |journal=International Journal of Zoology Studies |volume=4 |issue=6 |pages=73–84 |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/338411328 }}</ref>
|
Gen. et comb. nov
|
Valid
|
Karl, Safi & Philippen
|
[[Middle Pleistocene]]
|
[[Trinil]] Beds
|
{{Flag|Indonesia}}
|
A member of the family [[Geoemydidae]]. The type species is ''"[[Hardella]]" isoclina'' Dubois (1908).
|
|-
|
''[[Francemys]]''<ref>{{Cite journal|author=A. Pérez-García |year=2019 |title=The African Aptian ''Francemys gadoufaouaensis'' gen. et sp. nov.: new data on the early diversification of Pelomedusoides (Testudines, Pleurodira) in northern Gondwana |journal=Cretaceous Research |volume=102 |pages=112–126 |doi=10.1016/j.cretres.2019.06.003 |s2cid=197575106 |doi-access=free }}</ref>
|
Gen. et sp. nov
Line 480 ⟶ 778:
|-
|
''[[Ilatardia]]''<ref>{{Cite journal|author=Adán Pérez-García |year=2019 |title=A new member of Taphrosphyini (Pleurodira, Bothremydidae) from the Maastrichtian of Niger |journal=Journal of African Earth Sciences |volume=158 |
|
Gen. et sp. nov
Line 497 ⟶ 795:
|-
|
''[[Kalasinemys]]''<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Haiyan Tong |author2=Wilailuck Naksri |author3=Eric Buffetaut |author4=Suravech Suteethorn |author5=Varavudh Suteethorn |author6=Phornphen Chantasit |author7=Julien Claude |year=2019 |title=''Kalasinemys'', a new xinjiangchelyid turtle from the Late Jurassic of NE Thailand |journal=Geological Magazine |volume=
|
Gen. et sp. nov
|
Valid
|
Tong ''et al.''
Line 515 ⟶ 813:
|-
|
''[[Protoshachemys]]''<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Haiyan Tong |author2=Eric Buffetaut |author3=Varavudh Suteethorn |author4=Suravech Suteethorn |author5=Gilles Cuny |author6=Lionel Cavin |author7=Uthumporn Deesri |author8=Jeremy E. Martin |author9=Kamonrak Wongko |author10=Wilailuck Naksri |author11=Julien Claude |year=2019 |title=Phu Din Daeng, a new Early Cretaceous vertebrate locality on the Khorat Plateau, NE Thailand |journal=Annales de Paléontologie |volume=
|
Gen. et sp. nov
|
Valid
|
Tong ''et al.''
Line 533 ⟶ 831:
|-
|
''[[Saxochelys]]''<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Tyler R. Lyson |author2=Jacob L. Sayler |author3=Walter G. Joyce |year=2019 |title=A new baenid turtle, ''Saxochelys gilberti'', gen. et sp. nov., from the uppermost Cretaceous (Maastrichtian) Hell Creek Formation: sexual dimorphism and spatial niche partitioning within the most speciose group of Late Cretaceous turtles |journal=Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology |volume=39 |issue=4 |pages=e1662428 |doi=10.1080/02724634.2019.1662428 |s2cid=208587902 |url=https://figshare.com/articles/dataset/A_new_baenid_turtle_i_Saxochelys_gilberti_i_gen_et_sp_nov_from_the_uppermost_Cretaceous_Maastrichtian_Hell_Creek_Formation_sexual_dimorphism_and_spatial_niche_partitioning_within_the_most_speciose_group_of_Late_Cretaceous_turtles/9944129 |url-access=subscription }}</ref>
|
Gen. et sp. nov
Line 539 ⟶ 837:
Valid
|
Lyson, Sayler & Joyce
|
[[Late Cretaceous]] ([[Maastrichtian]])
|
[[
|
{{Flag|United States}}<br>({{Flag|North Dakota}})
|
A
|
|-
|
''[[
|
Sp. nov
|
Valid
|
Karl, Gröning & Brauckmann
|
|
|
{{Flag|
|
|
|-
|
''[[Trinitichelys|"Trinitichelys" maini]]''<ref>{{cite journal |author1=Brent Adrian |author2=Heather F. Smith |author3=Christopher R. Noto |author4=Aryeh Grossman |year=2019 |title=A new baenid, ''"Trinitichelys" maini'' sp. nov., and other fossil turtles from the Upper Cretaceous Arlington Archosaur Site (Woodbine Formation, Cenomanian), Texas, USA |journal=Palaeontologia Electronica |volume=22 |issue=3 |pages=Article number 22.3.81 |doi=10.26879/1001 |s2cid=210136178 |doi-access=free }}</ref>
|
Sp. nov
|
Valid
|
Adrian ''et al.''
|
[[Late Cretaceous]] ([[Cenomanian]])
|
[[Woodbine Formation]]
|
{{Flag|United States}}<br>({{Flag|Texas}})
|
A member of the family [[Baenidae]].
|
|-
|
''[[Wutuchelys]]''<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Haiyan Tong |author2=Julien Claude |author3=Cheng-Sen Li |author4=Jian Yang |author5=Thierry Smith |year=2019 |title=''Wutuchelys eocenica'' n. gen. n. sp., an Eocene stem testudinoid turtle from Wutu, Shandong Province, China |journal=Geological Magazine |volume=156 |issue=1 |pages=133–146 |doi=10.1017/S0016756817000905 |bibcode=2019GeoM..156..133T |s2cid=134788782 }}</ref>
|
Gen. et sp. nov
|
Valid
|
Tong ''et al.''
|
Early [[Eocene]]
|
[[Wutu Formation]]
|
{{Flag|China}}
|
A [[Crown group#Stem groups|stem]]-[[Testudinoidea|testudinoid]]. Genus includes new species ''W. eocenica''.
|
|-
Line 573 ⟶ 905:
===General research===
* A study on the impact of the [[Triassic–Jurassic extinction event]] on archosauromorph reptiles is published by Allen ''et al.'' (2019).<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Bethany J. Allen |author2=Thomas L. Stubbs |author3=Michael J. Benton |author4=Mark N. Puttick |year=2019 |title=Archosauromorph extinction selectivity during the Triassic–Jurassic mass extinction |journal=Palaeontology |volume=62 |issue=2 |pages=211–224 |doi=10.1111/pala.12399 |s2cid=55009185 |doi-access=free |hdl=1983/e3fc2e40-c849-42ed-99fe-ea17fc26b2ec |hdl-access=free }}</ref>
* A diverse assemblage of [[Archosauriformes|archosauriform]] teeth
* A study on archosauriform teeth assemblage from the [[Middle Triassic]] [[Manda Beds]] ([[Tanzania]]), aiming to determine the taxonomic composition of that collection and its implications for the knowledge of the diversity and evolution of archosauriforms from the Manda Beds, is published by Hoffman ''et al.'' (2019).<ref>{{cite journal |author1=Devin K. Hoffman |author2=Hunter R. Edwards |author3=Paul M. Barrett |author4=Sterling J. Nesbitt |year=2019 |title=Reconstructing the archosaur radiation using a Middle Triassic archosauriform tooth assemblage from Tanzania |journal=PeerJ |volume=7 |article-number=e7970 |doi=10.7717/peerj.7970 |pmid=31720109 |pmc=6839518 |doi-access=free }}</ref>
===Archosaurs===
Line 582 ⟶ 915:
====Research====
* Virtual [[endocast]] of ''[[Proterosuchus]] fergusi'' is reconstructed by Brown ''et al.'' (2019), who evaluate the implications of the endocranial anatomy of this species for the knowledge of its life habits.<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Emily E. Brown |author2=Richard J. Butler |author3=Martín D. Ezcurra |author4=Bhart-Anjan S. Bhullar |author5=Stephan Lautenschlager |year=2019 |title=Endocranial anatomy and life habits of the Early Triassic archosauriform ''Proterosuchus fergusi'' |journal=Palaeontology |volume=63 |issue=2 |pages=255–282 |doi=10.1111/pala.12454 |s2cid=204271968 |url=http://pure-oai.bham.ac.uk/ws/files/71803006/Brown_et_al._in_press.pdf }}</ref>
* Redescription of the anatomy of the [[holotype]] specimen of ''[[Garjainia]] prima'' is published by Ezcurra ''et al.'' (2019), who consider ''Vjushkovia triplicostata'' to be a [[Synonym (taxonomy)|junior synonym]] of ''G. prima''.<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Martín D. Ezcurra |author2=David J. Gower |author3=Andrey G. Sennikov |author4=Richard J. Butler |year=2019 |title=The osteology of the holotype of the early erythrosuchid ''Garjainia prima'' (Diapsida: Archosauromorpha) from the upper Lower Triassic of European Russia |journal=Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society |volume=185 |issue=3 |pages=717–783 |doi=10.1093/zoolinnean/zly061 }}</ref>
* A study on the skull anatomy and
* A study on the anatomy
*
* A study on the
* Two new [[Rhadinosuchinae|rhadinosuchine]] [[Proterochampsidae|proterochampsid]] specimens are described from the [[Chañares Formation]] ([[Argentina]]) by Ezcurra ''et al.'' (2019).<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Martín Daniel Ezcurra |author2=María Belén Von Baczko |author3=María Jimena Trotteyn |author4=Julia Brenda Desojo |year=2019 |title=New proterochampsid specimens expand the morphological diversity of the rhadinosuchines of the Chañares Formation (lower Carnian, northwestern Argentina) |journal=Ameghiniana |volume=56 |issue=2 |pages=79–115 |doi=10.5710/AMGH.25.05.2019.3230 |s2cid=197550418 }}</ref>
* A study on the morphology and affinities of isolated [[phytosaur]] teeth from the Upper Triassic [[Tiki Formation]] ([[India]]) is published online by Datta, Kumar & Ray (2019).<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Debajit Datta |author2=Nishant Kumar |author3=Sanghamitra Ray |year=2019 |title=Taxonomic identification of isolated phytosaur (Diapsida, Archosauria) teeth from the Upper Triassic of India and their significances |journal=Historical Biology: An International Journal of Paleobiology |volume=33 |issue=2 |pages=272–282 |doi=10.1080/08912963.2019.1613652 |s2cid=181776675 }}</ref>
====New taxa====
Line 602 ⟶ 938:
|-
|
''[[Antarctanax]]''<ref>{{cite journal |author1=Brandon R. Peecook |author2=Roger M. H. Smith |author3=Christian A. Sidor |year=2019 |title=A novel archosauromorph from Antarctica and an updated review of a high-latitude vertebrate assemblage in the wake of the end-Permian mass extinction |journal=Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology |volume=38 |issue=6 |pages=e1536664 |doi=10.1080/02724634.2018.1536664 |s2cid=92116260 }}</ref>
|
Gen. et sp. nov
Line 620 ⟶ 956:
|-
|
''[[Mystriosuchus|Mystriosuchus steinbergeri]]''<ref>{{cite journal |author1=Richard J. Butler |author2=Andrew S. Jones |author3=Eric Buffetaut |author4=Gerhard W Mandl |author5=Torsten M. Scheyer |author6=Ortwin Schultz |year=2019 |title=Description and phylogenetic placement of a new marine species of phytosaur (Archosauriformes: Phytosauria) from the Late Triassic of Austria |journal=Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society |volume=
|
Sp. nov
Line 635 ⟶ 971:
|
A [[phytosaur]].
|
|-
|
''[[Volcanosuchus]]''<ref>{{cite journal |author1=Debajit Datta |author2=Sanghamitra Ray |author3=Saswati Bandyopadhyay |year=2019 |title=Cranial morphology of a new phytosaur (Diapsida, Archosauria) from the Upper Triassic of India: implications for phytosaur phylogeny and biostratigraphy |journal=Papers in Palaeontology |volume=7 |issue=2 |pages=675–708 |doi=10.1002/spp2.1292 |s2cid=213698017 |url=https://zenodo.org/record/4274207 }}</ref>
|
Gen. et sp. nov
|
Valid
|
Datta, Ray & Bandyopadhyay
|
[[Late Triassic]]
|
[[Tiki Formation]]
|
{{Flag|India}}
|
A [[phytosaur]]. Genus includes new species ''V. statisticae''.
|
|-
Line 641 ⟶ 995:
==Other reptiles==
===Research===
* New information on a specimen of the [[mesosaur]] species ''[[Stereosternum]] tumidum'' affected by congenital [[scoliosis]], first described by Szczygielski ''et al.'' (2017),<ref>{{cite journal |author1=Tomasz Szczygielski |author2=Dawid Surmik |author3=Agnieszka Kapuścińska |author4=Bruce M. Rothschild |year=2017 |title=The oldest record of aquatic amniote congenital scoliosis |journal=
*
* New information on the anatomy of ''[[Feeserpeton]] oklahomensis'' is presented by MacDougall ''et al.'' (2019).<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Mark J. MacDougall |author2=Anika Winge |author3=Jasper Ponstein |author4=Maren Jansen |author5=Robert R. Reisz |author6=Jörg Fröbisch |year=2019 |title=New information on the early Permian lanthanosuchoid ''Feeserpeton oklahomensis'' based on computed tomography |journal=PeerJ |volume=7 |article-number=e7753 |doi=10.7717/peerj.7753 |pmid=31687269 |pmc=6825742 |doi-access=free }}</ref>
*
*
* Redescription of the [[pareiasaur]] species ''"[[Anthodon (reptile)|Anthodon]]" haughtoni'' from the [[Permian]] [[Usili Formation]] ([[Tanzania]]) is published by Maisch & Matzke (2019).<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Michael W. Maisch |author2=Andreas T. Matzke |year=2019 |title=''Anthodon ? haughtoni'' (V. HUENE, 1944), a pareiasaurid (Parareptilia: Pareiasauria) from the Late Permian Usili Formation of Kingori, Ruhuhu Basin, Tanzania |journal=Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie - Abhandlungen |volume=291 |issue=2 |pages=197–204 |doi=10.1127/njgpa/2019/0796 |s2cid=134218980 }}</ref>
*
* A study on the composition and structure of bone fragments of ''Deltavjatia vjatkensis'' from the Kotelnich vertebrate fossil site is published by Kiseleva ''et al.'' (2019), who report [[white blood cell]]-like structures, interpreted as possible leukocytes.<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Daria Kiseleva |author2=Oleg Shilovsky |author3=Evgeny Shagalov |author4=Anastasia Ryanskaya |author5=Maria Chervyakovskaya |author6=Elizaveta Pankrushina |author7=Nadezhda Cherednichenko |year=2019 |title=Composition and structural features of two Permian parareptile (''Deltavjatia vjatkensis'', Kotelnich Site, Russia) bone fragments and their alteration during fossilisation |journal=Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology |volume=526 |pages=28–42 |doi=10.1016/j.palaeo.2019.04.015 |bibcode=2019PPP...526...28K |s2cid=146631055 }}</ref>
* A study on the
* A study
* A study on the
*
* A study on the
* Redescription of the anatomy of ''[[Orovenator]] mayorum'' and a study on the phylogenetic relationships of this species is published by Ford & Benson (2019), who recover both ''Orovenator'' and [[Varanopidae|varanopids]] (usually regarded as [[synapsid]]s) as [[diapsid]] reptiles.<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=David P. Ford |author2=Roger B. J. Benson |year=2019 |title=A redescription of ''Orovenator mayorum'' (Sauropsida, Diapsida) using high-resolution μCT, and the consequences for early amniote phylogeny |journal=Papers in Palaeontology |volume=5 |issue=2 |pages=197–239 |doi=10.1002/spp2.1236 |s2cid=92485505 |doi-access=free }}</ref>
* A study on the
* A study on the [[Morphology (biology)|morphological]] diversity and rates of morphological evolution of extinct and extant [[rhynchocephalia]]ns published by Herrera-Flores, Stubbs & [[Michael Benton|Benton]] (2017)<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Jorge A. Herrera-Flores |author2=Thomas L. Stubbs |author3=Michael J. Benton |year=2017 |title=Macroevolutionary patterns in Rhynchocephalia: is the tuatara (''Sphenodon punctatus'') a living fossil? |journal=Palaeontology |volume=60 |issue=3 |pages=319–328 |doi=10.1111/pala.12284 |s2cid=55955230 |doi-access=free }}</ref> is criticized by Vaux ''et al.'' (2019).<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Felix Vaux |author2=Mary Morgan-Richards |author3=Elizabeth E. Daly |author4=Steven A. Trewick |year=2019 |title=Tuatara and a new morphometric dataset for Rhynchocephalia: Comments on Herrera-Flores ''et al.'' |journal=Palaeontology |volume=62 |issue=2 |pages=321–334 |doi=10.1111/pala.12402 |s2cid=134902015 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Jorge A. Herrera-Flores |author2=Thomas L. Stubbs |author3=Michael J. Benton |year=2019 |title=Reply to comments on: Macroevolutionary patterns in Rhynchocephalia: is the tuatara (''Sphenodon punctatus'') a living fossil? |journal=Palaeontology |volume=62 |issue=2 |pages=335–338 |doi=10.1111/pala.12404 |hdl=1983/846d212a-6eb6-494e-855f-e0684bede158 |s2cid=133726749 |url=https://research-information.bris.ac.uk/ws/files/198134843/Full_text_PDF_accepted_author_manuscript_.pdf }}</ref>
* A study on the skull morphology of ''[[Clevosaurus]] hudsoni'' and ''Clevosaurus cambrica'' is published by Chambi-Trowell, Whiteside & Benton (2019).<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Sofia A.V. Chambi-Trowell |author2=David I. Whiteside |author3=Michael J. Benton |year=2019 |title=Diversity in rhynchocephalian ''Clevosaurus'' skulls based on CT reconstruction of two Late Triassic species from Great Britain |journal=Acta Palaeontologica Polonica |volume=64 |issue=1 |pages=41–64 |doi=10.4202/app.00569.2018 |s2cid=84832388 |doi-access=free }}</ref>
* A case study of an [[osteosarcoma]] affecting a [[femur]] of a specimen of ''[[Pappochelys]] rosinae'' is published by Haridy ''et al.'' (2019).<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Yara Haridy |author2=Florian Witzmann |author3=Patrick Asbach |author4=Rainer R. Schoch |author5=Nadia Fröbisch |author6=Bruce M. Rothschild |year=2019 |title=Triassic cancer—osteosarcoma in a 240-million-year-old stem-turtle |journal=[[JAMA Oncology]] |volume=5 |issue=3 |pages=425–426 |doi=10.1001/jamaoncol.2018.6766 |pmid=30730547 |pmc=6439844 }}</ref>
* A study on the microstructure of bones of ''Pappochelys rosinae'' is published by Schoch ''et al.'' (2019).<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Rainer R. Schoch |author2=Nicole Klein |author3=Torsten M. Scheyer |author4=Hans-Dieter Sues |year=2019 |title=Microanatomy of the stem-turtle ''Pappochelys rosinae'' indicates a predominantly fossorial mode of life and clarifies early steps in the evolution of the shell |journal=Scientific Reports |volume=9 |
* An isolated vertebra of a [[choristodera]]n reptile is described from the [[Cenomanian]] Essen Greensand Formation ([[Germany]]) by Reiss ''et al.'' (2019), representing the first identifiable European choristoderan from the [[Kimmeridgian]]–[[Campanian]] interval reported so far.<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Stefan Reiss |author2=Udo Scheer |author3=Sven Sachs |author4=Benjamin P. Kear |year=2019 |title=Filling the biostratigraphical gap: first choristoderan from the Lower–mid-Cretaceous interval of Europe |journal=Cretaceous Research |volume=96 |pages=135–141 |doi=10.1016/j.cretres.2018.12.009 |s2cid=134904339 }}</ref>
* Description of new fossil material of ''[[Khurendukhosaurus]]'' from the [[Albian]] [[Khuren Dukh Formation]] ([[Mongolia]]) and a study on the anatomy and phylogenetic relationships of this reptile is published by Matsumoto ''et al.'' (2019).<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Ryoko Matsumoto |author2=Khishigjav Tsogtbaatar |author3=Shinobu Ishigaki |author4=Chinzorig Tsogtbaatar |author5=Zorig Enkhtaivan |author6=Susan E. Evans |year=2019 |title=Revealing body proportions of the enigmatic choristodere reptile ''Khurendukhosaurus'' from Mongolia |journal=Acta Palaeontologica Polonica |volume=64 |issue=2 |pages=363–377 |doi=10.4202/app.00561.2018 |s2cid=133925482 |doi-access=free }}</ref>
*
* A study on the
*
*
* A study on the anatomy of the braincase and middle and inner ears of ''[[Mesosuchus]] browni'' is published by Sobral & Müller (2019).<ref>{{cite journal |author1=Gabriela Sobral |author2=Johannes Müller |year=2019 |title=The braincase of ''Mesosuchus browni'' (Reptilia, Archosauromorpha) with information on the inner ear and description of a pneumatic sinus |journal=PeerJ |volume=7 |article-number=e6798 |doi=10.7717/peerj.6798 |pmid=31198620 |pmc=6535042 |doi-access=free }}</ref>
* A study on the anatomy of the [[holotype]] of ''[[Teyujagua]] paradoxa'' and on the phylogenetic relationships of this species is published online by Pinheiro, De Simão-Oliveira & Butler (2019).<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Felipe L. Pinheiro |author2=Daniel De Simão-Oliveira |author3=Richard J. Butler |year=2019 |title=Osteology of the archosauromorph ''Teyujagua paradoxa'' and the early evolution of the archosauriform skull |journal=Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society |volume=189 |issue=1 |pages=378–417 |doi=10.1093/zoolinnean/zlz093 |doi-access=free }}</ref>
===New taxa===
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''[[
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Gen. et sp. nov
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Valid
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Gonçalves & [[Christian Sidor|Sidor]]
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[[Late Triassic]]
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[[Chinle Formation]]
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{{Flag|United States}}<br>({{Flag|Arizona}})
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A member of [[Drepanosauromorpha]]. The type species is ''A. paradoxus''.
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''[[Captorhinus|Captorhinus kierani]]''<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Michael deBraga |author2=Joseph J. Bevitt |author3=Robert R. Reisz |year=2019 |title=A new captorhinid from the Permian cave system near Richards Spur, Oklahoma, and the taxic diversity of ''Captorhinus'' at this locality |journal=Frontiers in Earth Science |volume=7 |article-number=112 |doi=10.3389/feart.2019.00112 |bibcode=2019FrEaS...7..112D |doi-access=free }}</ref>
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Sp. nov
Line 694 ⟶ 1,070:
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''[[
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Gen. et sp. nov
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Valid
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Mann ''et al.''
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[[Carboniferous]] ([[Moscovian (Carboniferous)|Moscovian]])
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[[Allegheny Formation|Allegheny Group]]
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{{Flag|United States}}
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A member of the family [[Acleistorhinidae]]. The type species is ''C. lundi''. Announced in 2019; the correction including the required [[ZooBank]] accession number was published in 2020.<ref>{{cite journal |author1=Arjan Mann |author2=Emily J. McDaniel |author3=Emily R. McColville |author4=Hillary C. Maddin |year=2020 |title=Correction to "''Carbonodraco lundi'' gen et sp. nov., the oldest parareptile, from Linton, Ohio, and new insights into the early radiation of reptiles" |journal=Royal Society Open Science |volume=7 |issue=1 |article-number=192198 |doi=10.1098/rsos.192198 |pmid=32180991 |pmc=7029946 |bibcode=2020RSOS....792198M }}</ref>
|[[File:Carbonodraco_holotype_diagram.jpg|center|frameless]]
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''[[Clevosaurus|Clevosaurus hadroprodon]]''<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Annie S. Hsiou |author2=Randall L. Nydam |author3=Tiago R. Simões |author4=Flávio A. Pretto |author5=Silvio Onary |author6=Agustín G. Martinelli |author7=Alexandre Liparini |author8=Paulo R. Romo de Vivar Martínez |author9=Marina B. Soares |author10=Cesar L. Schultz |author11=Michael W. Caldwell |year=2019 |title=A new clevosaurid from the Triassic (Carnian) of Brazil and the rise of sphenodontians in Gondwana |journal=Scientific Reports |volume=9 |issue=1 |article-number=11821 |doi=10.1038/s41598-019-48297-9 |pmid=31413294 |pmc=6694142 |bibcode=2019NatSR...911821H }}</ref>
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Sp. nov
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Hsiou ''et al.''
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[[Late Triassic]] ([[Carnian]])
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[[Santa Maria Formation]]
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{{Flag|Brazil}}
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|[[File:Clevosaurus_restoration.jpg|center|frameless]]
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''[[Coeruleodraco]]''<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Ryoko Matsumoto |author2=Liping Dong |author3=Yuan Wang |author4=Susan E. Evans |year=2019 |title=The first record of a nearly complete choristodere (Reptilia: Diapsida) from the Upper Jurassic of Hebei Province, People's Republic of China |journal=Journal of Systematic Palaeontology |volume=17 |issue=12 |pages=1031–1048 |doi=10.1080/14772019.2018.1494220 |s2cid=92421503 |url=https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10067787/ }}</ref>
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Gen. et sp. nov
Line 709 ⟶ 1,119:
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A member of [[Choristodera]]. Genus includes new species ''C. jurassicus''.
|[[File:Coeruleodraco_paratype.jpg|center|frameless]]
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''[[Patagosphenos]]''<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Adriel R. Gentil |author2=Federico L. Agnolin |author3=Jordi A. Garcia marsà |author4=Matias J. Motta |author5=Fernando E. Novas |year=2019 |title=Bridging the gap: sphenodont remains from the Turonian (Upper Cretaceous) of Patagonia. Palaeobiological inferences |journal=Cretaceous Research |volume=98 |pages=72–83 |doi=10.1016/j.cretres.2019.01.016 |s2cid=135429146 }}</ref>
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Gen. et sp. nov
Line 727 ⟶ 1,137:
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An [[Opisthodontia (reptile)|eilenodontine]] [[rhynchocephalia]]n. Genus includes new species ''P. watuku''.
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''[[Sclerostropheus]]''<ref>{{cite journal |author1=Stephan N.F. Spiekman |author2=Torsten M. Scheyer |year=2019 |title=A taxonomic revision of the genus ''Tanystropheus'' (Archosauromorpha, Tanystropheidae) |journal=Palaeontologia Electronica |volume=22 |issue=3 |pages=Article number 22.3.80 |doi=10.26879/1038 |s2cid=211105850 |doi-access=free }}</ref>
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Gen. et comb. nov
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Valid
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Spiekman & Scheyer
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[[Late Triassic]] ([[Norian]])
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{{Flag|Italy}}
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A member of the family [[Tanystropheidae]]; a new genus for ''"[[Tanystropheus]]" fossai'' Wild (1980).
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''[[Shihtienfenia|Shihtienfenia completus]]''<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Jun-you Wang |author2=Jian Yi |author3=Jun Liu |year=2019 |title=The first complete pareiasaur skull from China |journal=Acta Palaeontologica Sinica |volume=58 |issue=2 |pages=216–221 |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/337946326 |doi=10.19800/j.cnki.aps.2019.02.007 }}</ref>
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Sp. nov
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Valid
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Wang, Yi & Liu
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[[Permian]]
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Sunjiagou Formation
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{{Flag|China}}
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A [[pareiasaur]].
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==General research==
Research concerning more than one group of reptiles listed above.
* A revision of existing records of marine reptiles known from the Jurassic and Cretaceous of Siberia is published by Rogov ''et al.'' (2019).<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=M. A. Rogov |author2=N. G. Zverkov |author3=V. A. Zakharov |author4=M. S. Arkhangelsky |year=2019 |title=Marine reptiles and climates of the Jurassic and Cretaceous of Siberia |journal=Stratigraphy and Geological Correlation |volume=27 |issue=4 |pages=398–423 |doi=10.1134/S0869593819040051 |bibcode=2019SGC....27..398R |s2cid=201058264 }}</ref>
* Description of fossils of marine reptiles from the Late Jurassic of the Krzyżanowice locality ([[Poland]]) and a study evaluating the palaeobiogeographic implications of these fossils is published by Tyborowski & Błażejowski (2019).<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Daniel Tyborowski |author2=Błażej Błażejowski |year=2019 |title=New marine reptile fossils from the Late Jurassic of Poland with implications for vertebrate faunas palaeobiogeography |journal=Proceedings of the Geologists' Association |volume=130 |issue=6 |pages=741–751 |doi=10.1016/j.pgeola.2019.09.004 |s2cid=210298782 }}</ref>
==References==
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[[Category:2019 in paleontology]]
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