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{{Use Indian English|date=December 2018}}
[[File:Kaladan Multi-Modal Transit Transport Project.svg|thumb|Route map of the transport project]]
The '''Kaladan Road Project'''<ref name=":0">{{cite news|last=Purushothaman|first=Vakkom|url=http://tntmagazine.in/news/mizoram/kaladan-multi-modal-transit-transport-project-to-link-sea-route-in-myanmar-with-mizoram/|title=Kaladan Multi Modal Transit Transport Project to link sea route in Myanmar with Mizoram|newspaper=The Northeast Times|access-date=11 August 2012|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120415053036/http://tntmagazine.in/news/mizoram/kaladan-multi-modal-transit-transport-project-to-link-sea-route-in-myanmar-with-mizoram/|archive-date=15 April 2012}}</ref> ({{langx|my|ကုလားတန်မြစ်ကြောင်း ဘက်စုံဖွံ့ဖြိုးရေး စီမံကိန်း}}) is a US$484 million project connecting the eastern Indian seaport of [[Kolkata]] with [[Sittwe]] seaport in [[Rakhine State]], Myanmar by sea. In Myanmar, it will then link Sittwe seaport to [[Paletwa]] in [[Chin State]] via the [[Kaladan river]] boat route, and then from Paletwa by road to [[Mizoram]] state in Northeast India.
Paletwa is less than {{convert|20|km|abbr=on}} from the Bangladesh border.
==
===Sea–river–road route===▼
The project has several sections combining multi-modes of transport:<ref>[http://www.mdoner.gov.in/content/introduction-1 Multi-modal project introduction]</ref>▼
# {{convert|539|km|abbr=on}} shipping route from seaport of [[Kolkata]] in India to [[Sittwe]] seaport in [[Myanmar]] via [[Bay of Bengal]]. This sea route has been operational for several decades. Port upgrade to handle 20,000 ton vessels, from previously capacity of 40,000 ton has been '''completed.'''▼
# {{convert|158|km|abbr=on}} river boat route from [[Sittwe]] seaport to Inland Water Terminal (IWT) and hydro power project at [[Paletwa]] jetty via [[Kaladan river]] in [[Myanmar]]. River dredging and jetty upgrade completed in June 2017.<ref name=biz1/><ref name=mand3>{{Cite web|url=https://www.mmtimes.com/news/india-ramps-myanmar-ties-gain-foothold-asean.html|title=India ramps up Myanmar ties to gain foothold in ASEAN|date=15 May 2018|website=The Myanmar Times}}</ref> There is at least one [[Lock (water navigation)|river lock]] for navigation.<ref name=lock1>[http://stsfor.org/content/indias-infrastructure-development-projects-myanmar-game-changer-region-part-2-3 India's connectivity to Myanmar].</ref> Six barges of 300 ton capacity each were handed over to Myanmar by the government of India.<ref name=ton1>[https://www.business-standard.com/article/economy-policy/cabinet-clears-revised-cost-for-kaladan-multi-modal-transit-transport-project-115101400905_1.html Delay in Kaladan project], ''Business Standard'', 2018.</ref> '''Completed.'''<ref name=update2/> Sittwe Special Economic Zone at Ponnagyun town {{convert|60|km|mi}} north from Sittwe upstream of [[Kaladan River]] at Ponnagyun town is being built by India on 1000 acres.<ref name=sez1/><ref name=biz1/>▼
# {{convert|62|km|abbr=on}} two-lane in each direction (4 lanes total) road route from IWT [[Paletwa]] to [[Zochachhuah|Zochawchhuah]](India)–Zorinpui (Myanmar) at Indo-Myanmar border in [[Myanmar]]. Construction contract of INR1600 crore (16 billion) was awarded to [[Ircon International|Ircon]] in June 2017,<ref name=biz1/><ref name=mand2/> and construction commenced in April 2018,<ref name=mandalay1>[https://indianexpress.com/article/explained/india-myanmar-land-border-crossing-open-sushma-swaraj-imphal-mandalay-bus-service-5305229/ Road to Mandalay] ''Indian Express'', June 2018.</ref> after all the necessary approvals were granted by the Myanmar govt in January 2018.<ref name=mand2>[https://thenortheasttoday.com/archive/mizoram-to-get-connected-with-sittwe-port-in-rakhine-state-of-myanmar-via-1600-cr-road/ Mizoram to get connected with Sittwe port].</ref> [[Borders of India#India–Myanmar border|Integrated Customs & Immigration Checkpost]] at Zochawchhuah-Zorinpui has been operational since 2017. Tender for the road upgrade was awarded in 2017, currently under-construction and '''to be completed by December 2019''',<ref name=update2/> though this ambitious deadline is harder to meet and might be missed.<ref name=mand2/> India is also planning to construct a road to connect Paletwa with the [[AH1#Myanmar|Asian Highway AH1]].<ref name=lock1/>▼
# {{convert|100|km|abbr=on}} route from Indo-Myanmar border at Zochawchhuah-Zorinpui to Aizawl. From Aizawl it connect to Aizawl-Saiha National Highway at [[Lawngtlai]] in [[Mizoram]], India by road on [[National Highway 54 (India)]] (NH-54), which then continues further to [[Dabaka]] in [[Assam]] via {{convert|850|km|abbr=on}} long NH-54 which in turn is part of the larger [[North–South and East–West Corridor#East-West Corridor|East–West Corridor]] connecting [[North East India]] with the rest of India.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.arakanrivers.net/wp-content/uploads/2009/09/Kaladan-Mov.png |title=Multi-modal route map |access-date=12 November 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170822053547/http://www.arakanrivers.net/wp-content/uploads/2009/09/Kaladan-Mov.png |archive-date=22 August 2017 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Almost complete (June 2017).<ref name=biz1>[http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/news/national/india-awards-road-contract-to-complete-kaladan-project-in-myanmar/article9723297.ece India awards road contract to complete Kaladan project in Myanmar], ''Business Line'', 9 June 2017.</ref> Awarded, upgrade to this national highway is under-construction and '''to be completed by 2019.'''<ref name=update2/> In June 2017, {{convert|90|km|abbr=on}} 2-lane route from Indo-Myanmar border at Zochawchhuah-Zorinpui to [[Tuipang]] is almost complete. From Tuipang, the national highway is being further upgraded from 2-lane to all-weather 4-lane from [[National Highway 54 (India)|NH 54]] [[Lawngtlai]] to [[Aizawl]] in [[Mizoram]].<ref name=biz1/> INR6000 crore (60 billion) was approved to further improve this Zochawchhuah–Zorinpui–Aizawl national highway.<ref name=mand2/> [[Siaha]]–Zochawchhuah–Zorinpui missing section of the highway was under construction (April 2018).<ref name=mand2/> Lomasu to [[Lawngtlai]] is a two-lane highway in each direction (total four lanes) and Lawngtlai to [[Aizawl]]–[[Guwahati]] national highway is being widened to 4 lanes in each direction (total 8 lanes).<ref name=high1>[https://www.irrawaddy.com/news/myanmar-india-appoint-operator-sittwe-port-project.html India appoints post operator], ''Irrawaddy''</ref>▼
This project will reduce the distance from [[Kolkata]] to [[Sittwe]] by approximately {{convert|1328|km|abbr=on}} and will reduce the need to transport goods through the narrow [[Siliguri]] corridor, also known as [[Chicken's Neck (India)|Chicken's Neck]].▼
===Complementary railway route===▼
This railway route will complement the river–road route of this project in Myanmar-Mizoram:▼
Initially India had tried to persuade [[Bangladesh]] to offer transport and transit rights to the northeastern states.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Egreteau |first=Renaud |date=2011 |title=A Passage to Burma? India, Development and Democratization in Myanmar |url=https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/13569775.2011.619771|journal=Contemporary Politics|volume=17|issue=4|doi=10.1080/13569775.2011.619771 |pages=467–486 |s2cid=153496597|url-access=subscription }}</ref> However, [[Bangladesh]] has consistently refused to grant such rights, including access to its [[Chittagong]] port, which is less than {{convert|200|km|abbr=on}} away from [[Agartala]], the capital of [[Tripura]].<ref>{{cite news|last=Phukan|first=Papori|title=Kaladan Multi-Modal Project In Myanmar|url=http://manipuronline.com/look-east-policy/kaladan-multi-modal-project-in-myanmar/2010/12/19|access-date=11 August 2012|newspaper=Manipur Online|archive-date=16 June 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120616121801/http://manipuronline.com/look-east-policy/kaladan-multi-modal-project-in-myanmar/2010/12/19|url-status=dead}}</ref>▼
* '''Sittwe–[[Kyaukhtu]] railway in Myanmar, {{convert|90|km|abbr=on}} – exists and operational:''' This route has been operational since 2011. To integrate with other routes-network in Myanmar, it will be [[Rail transport in Myanmar#Lines under construction|further extended 311 km by 2021–22]], from Kyaukhtu in north to [[Ann, Myanmar|Ann]] in south and then south-east to [[Minbu]] where it will connect to Myanmar rail network as well as {{convert|1,215|km|abbr=on}} long [[Kyaukpyu|Kyaukpyu port]]–Minbu–Kunming high-speed railway [[Kyaukpyu#Kunming-Kyaukpyu Railway|being planned by China]].<ref>[http://www.idsa.in/backgrounder/myanmar-in-chinas-push-into-the-indian-ocean_jmpaul_120316 Myanmar in China’s Push into the Indian Ocean], Joshy M Paul, March 14, 2016, retrieved 20 January 2017</ref>▼
* '''Kyaukhtu–Zorinpui in Myanmar, {{convert|200|km|abbr=on}} – planned but not yet surveyed:''' India has future yet-unapproved plans to fund and construct this missing link.▼
* '''Zochawchhuah (Zorinpui)–[[Sairang]] railway in India, {{convert|375|km|abbr=on}} – being surveyed since Aug-2017:''' Survey for the rail line from [[Sairang]] (Aizawl) to [[Hmawngbuchhuah]] on border near Zochawchhuah–Zorinpui was completed in August 2017 and it will be constructed in future phase.<ref name=railline1>[http://www.powerupconstruction.com/indias-north-east-opensthe-gateway-to-prosperity/ India's north east opened up], PowerUpConstruction.Com</ref>▼
The project is being piloted and funded by the [[Ministry of External Affairs (India)]]. The preliminary feasibility studies were carried out by [[RITES|Rail India Technical and Economic Services (RITES)]]. Construction work on [[Sittwe]] port and the boat jetty in [[Paletwa]], as well as the dredging work, will be executed by the [[Inland Waterways Authority of India]] (IWAI), with Essar Projects Ltd, a division of the [[Essar Group]] appointed in May 2010 as the main contractor.<ref>{{cite web |work=Arakan Rivers |title=Kaladan Multi-Modal Transit Transport Project|url=http://www.arakanrivers.net/?page_id=135 |access-date=11 August 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120529113016/http://www.arakanrivers.net/?page_id=135 |archive-date=29 May 2012 |url-status=dead}}</ref>▼
===Other projects – alternate route to northeast India===▼
Compared to the {{convert|1,880|km|abbr=on}} long, congested "Chicken's Neck" [[Siliguri Corridor]], this Kaladan project will almost half the distance to a mere {{convert|950|km|abbr=on}}. As an alternate route (unrelated to the Kaladan Multi-Modal project) to northeast India, India is also [[Borders of India#India–Bangladesh border|developing railway route]] from [[Cox's Bazar]] deep water port to [[South Tripura district]] by rehabilitating the railway link from [[Santirbazar]] in India to [[Feni District|Feni]] in Bangladesh, where a road and rail bridge is being built to connect the "[[Belonia, India]]–[[Parshuram Upazila|Parshuram, Bangladesh]] road and rail crossing checkposts", this will reduce traffic through Sittwe, but will provide strategically redundancy if there is a war with China.<ref>[https://www.firstpost.com/world/as-smart-as-sittwe-going-north-east-by-south-east-6480951.html As Smart as Sittwe: Going North-East by South-East], ''First Post'', 2019.</ref>▼
Kaladan Multi-Modal Transit Transport Project initially faced problems such as underestimation of the road length in [[Myanmar]] and plans to construct hydro-electric projects — [[Chhimtuipui|Chhimtuipui River]] and [[Lungleng River]] — on two tributaries of the [[Kaladan River]] followed by another project downstream. That the first two projects are being built by one public sector undertaking and the third is being constructed by another PSU (Public Sector Unit) has also led to coordination issues. Due to construction of this hydro electrical projects,
▲This project will reduce distance from [[Kolkata]] to [[Sittwe]] by approximately {{convert|1328|km|abbr=on}} and will reduce the need to transport goods through the narrow [[Siliguri]] corridor, also known as [[Chicken's Neck (India)|Chicken's Neck]].
In April 2017, the
▲Initially India had tried to persuade [[Bangladesh]] to offer transport and transit rights to the northeastern states.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Egreteau |first=Renaud |date=2011 |title=A Passage to Burma? India, Development and Democratization in Myanmar |url=https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/13569775.2011.619771|journal=Contemporary Politics|volume=17|issue=4|doi=10.1080/13569775.2011.619771 |pages=467–486 |s2cid=153496597}}</ref> However, [[Bangladesh]] has consistently refused to grant such rights, including access to its [[Chittagong]] port, which is less than {{convert|200|km|abbr=on}} away from [[Agartala]], the capital of [[Tripura]].<ref>{{cite news|last=Phukan|first=Papori|title=Kaladan Multi-Modal Project In Myanmar|url=http://manipuronline.com/look-east-policy/kaladan-multi-modal-project-in-myanmar/2010/12/19|access-date=11 August 2012|newspaper=Manipur Online}}</ref>
In June 2017, after several upward budget revisions and troubles in finding contractors, the INR1,600-crore (US$250 million) contract has been finally awarded to an Indian company C&C construction for building 109-km road connecting IWT Paletwa river terminal to Zorinpui in Mizoram border. The contractor would open offices at Sittwe, Paletwa and Yangon in Myanmar, mobilise men and machine during the monsoon and start construction after the monsoon in October.<ref name=biz1/>▼
▲The project is being piloted and funded by the [[Ministry of External Affairs (India)]]. The preliminary feasibility studies were carried out by [[RITES|Rail India Technical and Economic Services (RITES)]]. Construction work on [[Sittwe]] port and the boat jetty in [[Paletwa]], as well as the dredging work, will be executed by the [[Inland Waterways Authority of India]] (IWAI), with Essar Projects Ltd, a division of the [[Essar Group]] appointed in May 2010 as the main contractor.<ref>{{cite web |work=Arakan Rivers |title=Kaladan Multi-Modal Transit Transport Project|url=http://www.arakanrivers.net/?page_id=135 |access-date=11 August 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120529113016/http://www.arakanrivers.net/?page_id=135 |archive-date=29 May 2012 |url-status=dead}}</ref>
In 2019, India and Myanmar launched [[Operation Sunrise (2019)|Operation Sunrise]], a joint military effort to dismantle insurgent group camps, especially the Arakan Army, threatening the Kaladan Project.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-06-17 |title=Operation Sunrise: India-Myanmar target insurgent groups camp in North East |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/india/story/operation-sunrise-india-myanmar-target-insurgent-groups-camp-in-north-east-1550835-2019-06-17 |access-date=2025-04-11 |website=India Today |language=en}}</ref>
▲Kaladan Multi-Modal Transit Transport Project initially faced problems such as underestimation of the road length in [[Myanmar]] and plans to construct hydro-electric projects — [[Chhimtuipui|Chhimtuipui River]] and [[Lungleng River]] — on two tributaries of the [[Kaladan River]] followed by another project downstream. That the first two projects are being built by one public sector undertaking and the third is being constructed by another PSU (Public Sector Unit) has also led to coordination issues. Due to construction of this hydro electrical projects, Navigation of boats could be effected.<ref>{{cite news|last=Dikshit|first=Sandeep|title=India-Myanmar transport project hits roadblock|url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/article3377718.ece|access-date=11 August 2012|newspaper=The Hindu}}</ref>
India plans to open the Kaladan project by 2027.<ref> [https://myanmar-now.org/mm/news/65443/ ၂၀၂၇ တွင် အသက်ဝင်မည့် အိန္ဒိယ၏ ကုလားတန်စီမံကိန်းနှင့် AA ၏ အခန်းကဏ္ဍ (The role of Arakan Army in the implementation of India's 2027 Kaladan plan)]. [[Myanmar Now]]. July 24, 2025.</ref>
==Route==
▲===Sea–river–road route===
▲The project has several sections combining multi-modes of transport:<ref>[http://www.mdoner.gov.in/content/introduction-1 Multi-modal project introduction]</ref>
▲
▲
▲
** '''Package-I: Paletwa inland jetty to Kaletwa road route in Myanmar - {{convert|67|km|abbr=on}}''' is '''Complete''' as per March 2024 update.<ref name=jooats1/><ref name=jooats3/>
** '''Package-II: Kaletwa to Zorinpui road route in Myanmar - {{convert|48.5|km|abbr=on}}''' is '''under construction''' as per March 2024 update, militants in control of the area have assured cooperation and security for the completion of the road.<ref name=jooats2> [https://cenjows.in/preserving-indian-interests-during-ongoing-disturbances-in-myanmar/ Preserving Indian Interests during Ongoing Disturbances in Myanmar]. Centre for Joint Warfare Studies. Manshi Suhag. July 9, 2024. {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241214010615/https://cenjows.in/preserving-indian-interests-during-ongoing-disturbances-in-myanmar/|date=December 14, 2024}}</ref><ref name=jooats3>[https://idsa.in/idsacomments/The-Kaladan-Transport-Project-Amidst-the-Civil-War-in-Myanmar-OPDas-220724 The Kaladan Transport Project Amidst the Civil War in Myanmar], IDSA, 22 July 2024. {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240804094411/https://www.idsa.in/idsacomments/The-Kaladan-Transport-Project-Amidst-the-Civil-War-in-Myanmar-OPDas-220724|date=August 4, 2024}} </ref>
▲
* '''Shillong-Silchar highway in India - {{convert|166.8|km|abbr=on}}''', from Mawlyngkhung near [[Shillong]] to Panchgram on [[National Highway 6 (India)|NH-6]] near [[Silchar]], will cut travel time between the two cities from 8.5 hours to 5 hours and act as a continuation of Kaladan multi-modal transport project offering a new Rs 22,864 crore high-speed highway between the North-East and Kolkata bypassing Bangladesh, executed by the National Highways and Infrastructure Development Corporation Limited (NHIDCL) and expected to be completed by 2030.<ref name=const1>[https://indianexpress.com/article/india/new-north-east-link-to-kolkata-will-be-via-sea-giving-bangladesh-a-miss-10011504/ New Northeast–Kolkata Sea Route Via Myanmar To Take Shape Through Shillong–Silchar Highway, Bypassing Bangladesh: Report], IE, 18 May 2025.</ref>
▲===Complementary railway route===
▲In April 2017, the Sitwee port AND IWT Paletwa jetty were ready and operational.<ref name=miz1/> In April 2017, India handed over the operation of completed Sittwe port and Inland Water Terminal at Paletwa to Myanmar. In June 2017, India handed six gas tanker cargo vessels worth US$81.29 million (K110.08 billion) to the Myanmar government to transport gas to north-east India via [[Manipur]]. Work on the port in Sittwe and the IWT in Paletwa, Chin State, is in its final stages, and the six cargo vessels are meant to facilitate transportation of goods from Sittwe to Paletwa. The $81.29 million cost of the vessels was met through a grant from India. The construction work was assigned to IWT in October 2012, the keels were laid in March 2013 and the vessels were launched between April and December 2016. On completion of the tests and trials at Yangon, the vessels reached Sittwe in March 2017. Acceptance trials were completed in April 2017 in Sittwe.<ref name=miz1>[http://www.mizzima.com/news-domestic/six-cargo-vessels-handed-over-myanmar-india vessels handed over to Myanmar by India], Mizzima, 2 June 2017.</ref>
{{anchor | Rail }}
▲This railway route will complement the river–road route of this project in Myanmar-Mizoram:
▲* '''Sittwe–[[Kyaukhtu]] railway in Myanmar, {{convert|90|km|abbr=on}} – exists and operational:''' This route has been operational since 2011. To integrate with other routes-network in Myanmar, it will be [[Rail transport in Myanmar#Lines under construction|further extended 311 km by 2021–22]], from Kyaukhtu in north to [[Ann, Myanmar|Ann]] in south and then south-east to [[Minbu]] where it will connect to Myanmar rail network as well as {{convert|1,215|km|abbr=on}} long [[Kyaukpyu|Kyaukpyu port]]–Minbu–Kunming high-speed railway [[Kyaukpyu#Kunming-
▲In June 2017, after several upward budget revisions and troubles in finding contractors, the INR1,600-crore (US$250 million) contract has been finally awarded to an Indian company C&C construction for building 109-km road connecting IWT Paletwa river terminal to Zorinpui in Mizoram border. The contractor would open offices at Sittwe, Paletwa and Yangon in Myanmar, mobilise men and machine during the monsoon and start construction after the monsoon in October.<ref name=biz1/>
▲* '''Kyaukhtu–Zorinpui in Myanmar, {{convert|200|km|abbr=on}} – planned but not yet surveyed:''' India has future yet-unapproved plans to fund and construct this missing link.
▲* '''Zochawchhuah (Zorinpui)–[[Sairang]] railway in India, {{convert|375|km|abbr=on}} – being surveyed since Aug-2017:''' Survey for the rail line from [[Sairang]] (Aizawl) to [[Hmawngbuchhuah]] on border near Zochawchhuah–Zorinpui was completed in August 2017 and it will be constructed in future phase.<ref name=railline1>[http://www.powerupconstruction.com/indias-north-east-opensthe-gateway-to-prosperity/ India's north east opened up] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181127193859/http://www.powerupconstruction.com/indias-north-east-opensthe-gateway-to-prosperity/ |date=27 November 2018 }}, PowerUpConstruction.Com</ref>
▲===Other projects – alternate route to northeast India===
▲Compared to the {{convert|1,880|km|abbr=on}} long, congested "Chicken's Neck" [[Siliguri Corridor]], this Kaladan project will almost half the distance to a mere {{convert|950|km|abbr=on}}. As an alternate route (unrelated to the Kaladan Multi-Modal project) to northeast India, India is also [[Borders of India#India–Bangladesh border|developing railway route]] from [[Cox's Bazar]] deep water port to [[South Tripura district]] by rehabilitating the railway link from [[Santirbazar]] in India to [[Feni District|Feni]] in Bangladesh, where a road and rail bridge is being built to connect the "[[Belonia, India]]–[[Parshuram Upazila|Parshuram, Bangladesh]] road and rail crossing checkposts", this will reduce traffic through Sittwe, but will provide strategically redundancy if there is a war with China.<ref>[https://www.firstpost.com/world/as-smart-as-sittwe-going-north-east-by-south-east-6480951.html As Smart as Sittwe: Going North-East by South-East], ''First Post'', 2019.</ref>
==Travel arrangements==
Line 71 ⟶ 63:
===Zorinpui border crossing and visa arrangements ===
[[Borders of India#India–Myanmar border|Integrated Customs & Immigration Checkpost]] at [[Lawngtlai district#Zorinpui Integrated Check Post|Zorinpui]] in [[Lawngtlai district]], is already operational since 2017.<ref name=icp4>[https://www.google.com.sg/search?client=firefox-b&dcr=0&ei=lWJCWr3sLcrJvgS0ory4CA&q=zorinpui+lawngtlai+&oq=zorinpui+lawngtlai+&gs_l=psy-ab.3...5050.12763.0.13049.20.20.0.0.0.0.285.2665.0j13j2.15.0....0...1c.1.64.psy-ab..5.10.1914...0j0i67k1j0i131k1j0i10k1j0i13k1.0.d3bPEkKCEM4 India opens two border crossing points with Myanmar, Bangladesh], ''[[Times of India]]'', 1 Oct 2o17.</ref> In early 2018, visa agreement were signed for the citizens of two nations to travel by road for education, medical assistance, tourism and other purposes.<ref name=update1>[https://www.mmtimes.com/news/india-ramps-myanmar-ties-gain-foothold-asean.html India ramps up Myanmar ties to gain foothold in ASEAN] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180516112626/https://www.mmtimes.com/news/india-ramps-myanmar-ties-gain-foothold-asean.html |date=16 May 2018 }}, ''Myanmar Times'', May 2018.</ref><ref name=update2/> This agreement was operationalised on 9 August 2018.<ref name=mandalay1/> Indians and Myanma citizens with valid passport and visa can pass through two official Land Border Crossings at [[Moreh, India|Moreh]] in Manipur ([[Tamu, Myanmar|Tamu]] in [[Sagaing Region]] of Myanmar) and [[Zokhawthar]] in Mizoram ([[Rihkhawdar]] in [[Chin State]] of Myanmar).<ref name=mandalay1/>
===Motor Vehicle Agreement===
In 2015, India proposed a trilateral Motor Vehicle Agreement to facilitate seamless movement of passenger and cargo vehicles among the three countries.<ref>{{cite news |title=Plea for Motor vehicle
==Related projects==
Line 84 ⟶ 74:
Myanmar is key part of India's "Look East" policy and Kaladan project has enabled several other associated projects with ongoing development of growing list of integrated linkages.
===
====Sittwe Special Economic Zone====
Sittwe Special Economic Zone (Sittwe SEZ) at Ponnagyun town was announced by India's Union Minister of State for External Affairs [[Vijay Kumar Singh|V K Singh]] at the India-[[ASEAN]] Foreign Ministers meet at Laos in August 2016. The 1000 acre SEZ will be built {{convert|60|km|mi}} north from Sittwe upstream of [[Kaladan River]] at Ponnagyun town. China is building a rival [[Kyaukpyu Special Economic Zone]] and port {{convert|80|km|mi}} south of Sittwe.▼
▲Sittwe Special Economic Zone (Sittwe SEZ) at Ponnagyun town was announced by India's Union Minister of State for External Affairs [[
<ref name=sez1>[http://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/politics-and-nation/india-planning-to-set-up-sez-in-myanmars-sittwe/articleshow/53496839.cms "India planning to set up SEZ in Myanmar's Sittwe"], ''[[The Economic Times]]'', 2 August 2016.</ref><ref name=biz1/>
Line 95 ⟶ 87:
Thathay Chaung Hydropower Project(TCHP) is an 1800 megawatt, two dam project being built and financed by India on [[Chindwin River]] in [[Rakhine State]] of Myanmar, a 1,200 megawatt dam at Thamanthi (Manthi) and 600 megawatt dam at Shwejaye. The electricity produced will be supplied to Manipur state of India.<ref name=ongc1/>
====
There is also to a proposal to build {{convert|1,575|km|abbr=on}} long Sittwe–Aizawl–Silchar–Guwahati–Siliguri–Gaya gas pipeline to transport gas from Sittwe gas field where [[Oil and Natural Gas Corporation|ONGC]] and [[GAIL (India) Limited|GAIL]] hold 30 percent stake in oil and gas exploration.<ref name=ongc1>Alexis Rieffel, 2010, [https://books.google.com/books?id=FQsErroCfzsC
===Highways ===
==== Agartala–Feni–Chittagong Highway ====
Indian has decided to build an INR130 crore (US$20 million) bridge over the [[Feni River]] at the [[Tripura]]-Bangladesh border to connect the existing [[National Highway 8 (India)|NH8]] [[Agartala]]–[[Sabroom]] on Indian side to [[Chittagong]] port in Bangladesh {{convert|80|km|abbr=on}} from South Tripura. In February 2017, the project was in tendering stage.<ref name=hindub1/>
====Aizawl–Tuipang National Highway 4-laning ====
In June 2017, to ensure faster movement of goods between Sittwe and Mizoram capital of Aizawl in the North West which is close to the Barak Valley of Assam, India started an INR6,000-crore upgrade of current 2-lane {{convert|300|km|abbr=on}} Aizawl–Tuipang national highway to all-weather four-laning of international standard, the tender will be floated in September and construction contract will be awarded by December 2017 after the ongoing land acquisition is complete.<ref name=biz1/> The upgrade of 52-km long road from Tuipang to Myanmar border, from 2-lane to all-weather 4-lane highway, is also included in this {{convert|352|km|abbr=on}} long [[National Highways & Infrastructure Development Corporation Limited]] (NHIDCL) project.<ref name=nhmani1>[https://thenortheasttoday.com/new-mizoram-myanmar-352-km-national-highway-all-set-to-boost-trade-and-economy-in-the-region/ New Mizoram–Myanmar 352 Km national highway all set to boost trade and economy in the region], ''The North East Today'', 21 August 2017.</ref>
====India–Myanmar–Thailand Trilateral Highway====
{{main|India–Myanmar–Thailand Trilateral Highway}}
The India–Myanmar–Thailand (IMT) Trilateral Highway (Friendship Highway) is a highway under construction that will connect [[Moreh, India|Moreh]], India with [[Mae Sot]], Thailand via [[Myanmar]].
====
Paletwa–Cikha–India Highway Project is a INR 20 billion (US$315 million) {{convert|645|km|abbr=on}} long under construction [[Paletwa]]–[[Cikha]] road highway in [[Chin State]] of Myanmar, which will also be connected to the Indian border on two places, Paletwa to [[National Highway 502 (India)|NH502]] [[Zochachhuah]] border village<ref name=loc2/> of [[Lawngtlai district]] in south-most Mizoram (main road route of Kaladan Multi-modal Transit Transport project) and at [[Khenman]] (Myanmar) to [[National Highway 502A (India)|NH102B]] [[Behiang]] border village of [[Churachandpur]] district in southernmost Manipur. On 21 April 2016, [[Chin State]] Chief Minister Pu Lian Luai in Myanmar informed that the project is funded by Indian government, which will connect Paletwa in southern Chin state to Cikha (also misspelt as Chikha in Indian media) sub-town in northern Chin state. New roads will also be built to connect the Paletwa-Chikha highway to villages and towns in Chin state.<ref name=Miz1>[http://mizzima.com/news-domestic/construction-chikha-paletwa-highway-priority Construction of Chikha to Paletwa Highway a priority], ''Mizzima'', April 2016</ref>
====
India–Myanmar
===Railway
====Bairabi-Sairang-Hmawngbuchhuah railway
{{main|Bairabi Sairang Railway}}
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==See also==
; Nearby major port projects
* [[Sabang, Indonesia|Sabang strategic port development]], India-Indonesia project
* [[Dawei Port Project]] in Myanmar
* [[India–Myanmar barrier#Look-East Connectivity|India's Look-East Connectivity projects]]
; Regional projects
* [[India–Myanmar barrier#Look-East Connectivity|India's Look-East Connectivity projects]]
* [[Ministry of Development of North Eastern Region#Northeast India connectivity projects|India's Northeast Connectivity projects]]
* [[Bay of Bengal Initiative for Multi-Sectoral Technical and Economic Cooperation#BIMSTEC
* [[Mekong-Ganga Cooperation]]
* [[India–Myanmar–Thailand Trilateral Highway]]
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[[Category:Proposed transport infrastructure in India]]
[[Category:Proposed transport infrastructure in Myanmar]]
[[Category:Proposed infrastructure in Mizoram]]
[[Category:Buildings and structures in Mizoram]]
[[Category:Buildings and structures in Rakhine State]]
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