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{{Redirect|LD2|the comet|P/2019 LD2 (ATLAS)}}
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[[Image:Unloading JAL 747.jpg|thumb|250px|Unloading LD3 containers from a [[Boeing 747]]]]
A '''unit load device''' ('''ULD''') is a [[shipping container|container]] used to load luggage, freight, and mail on [[wide-body aircraft]] and specific [[narrow-body aircraft]]. It allows preloading of [[cargo]],
The [[IATA]] publishes ULD regulations and notes there are 900,000 in service worth more than US$1 billion, averaging ${{#expr:1000/0.9round-2}} each.<ref>{{cite web |url= https://www.iata.org/publications/store/Pages/uld-regulations.aspx |title= ULD Regulations |publisher= IATA |access-date= 2018-07-13 |archive-date= 2018-07-13 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20180713202703/https://www.iata.org/publications/store/Pages/uld-regulations.aspx |url-status= dead }}</ref>
==Types==
ULDs come in two forms: pallets and containers. ULD pallets are rugged sheets of [[aluminium]] with rims designed to lock onto cargo net lugs. ULD containers, also known as cans and pods, are closed containers often made of aluminium or a combination of aluminium (frame) and [[Lexan]] (walls)
{| class="wikitable sortable"
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| {{#expr:8+7}} LD3
| data-sort-value="3.07" | 3 + 7 LD3
| data-sort-value="3.07" | 3 + 7 LD3 || 15 || 16<ref name= A300-A310P2F>{{cite web |url= https://www.elbeflugzeugwerke.com/fileadmin/pdfs/Brochure_EADS-EFW-A300-A310-Conversions.pdf |title= A300/A310 P2F |publisher= [[Elbe Flugzeugwerke]] |access-date= 2018-07-31 |archive-date= 2018-07-31 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20180731213043/https://www.elbeflugzeugwerke.com/fileadmin/pdfs/Brochure_EADS-EFW-A300-A310-Conversions.pdf |url-status= dead }}</ref> ||
|-
! [[Airbus A330]]-2/800<ref name=A330>{{cite web |url= https://www.airbus.com/content/dam/corporate-topics/publications/backgrounders/techdata/aircraft_characteristics/Airbus-Commercial-Aircraft-AC-A330.pdf |title= A330 Aircraft Characteristics - Airport and Maintenance Planning |date= Jul 2018 |publisher= Airbus}}</ref>
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|-
! Boeing 767-400<ref name=B767/>
| data-sort-value="29.6" | {{abbr|{{#expr:20+18}} LD2|29 ½ × LD3 volume}} || || 5 + 16 LD2||
|-
! [[Boeing 777]]-200<ref name=B777>{{cite web |url= https://www.boeing.com/resources/boeingdotcom/commercial/airports/acaps/777_2lr3er.pdf |title= 777 Airplane Characteristics for Airport Planning |date= May 2015 |publisher= Boeing}}</ref>
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| data-sort-value="14.02" | {{#expr:8+6}} + 2LD3 || {{#expr:8+6}} || 33<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/gecas-and-iai-launch-777-300er-cargo-conversion-461491/|title=GECAS and IAI launch 777-300ER cargo conversion|last=Kingsley-Jones|first=Max|date=2019-10-16|website=Flightglobal|language=en-GB}}</ref> || ||
|-
! [[Boeing_777X#777-8F|Boeing 777-
| 40 LD3<ref>{{cite news |url= https://leehamnews.com/2015/07/23/options-for-singapore-airlines-to-operate-direct-flights-to-the-us-part-2/ |title= Options for Singapore Airlines to operate direct flights to the US, part 2 |author= Bjorn Fehrm |date= July 23, 2015 |work= Leeham}}</ref>
| || 13
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| data-sort-value="6.14" | 6 + 14 LD3 || 26 || 26 || 34
|-
! [[Lockheed L-1011]]<ref>{{cite web |url= https://www.tristar500.net/articles/techprofile.pdf |title= L-1011-500 TriStar technical profile |publisher= Lockheed |access-date= 2018-07-31 |archive-date= 2017-12-08 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20171208144003/http://www.tristar500.net/articles/techprofile.pdf |url-status= dead }}</ref>
| {{#expr:12+7}} LD3
| data-sort-value="4.07" | 4 + 7 LD3 || || || ||
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|-
! Model
!
! data-sort-type="number" | Containers !! data-sort-type="number" | 96×125″ !! data-sort-type="number" | 88×125″ !! data-sort-type="number" | 88x108″
|-
! [[Airbus A319]]<ref name=A319>{{cite web |url= https://www.airbus.com/content/dam/corporate-topics/publications/backgrounders/techdata/aircraft_characteristics/Airbus-Commercial-Aircraft-AC-A319-Feb18.pdf |title= A319 Aircraft Characteristics - Airport and Maintenance Planning |date= Feb 2018 |publisher= Airbus}}</ref>
!
| {{#expr:2+2}} [[#Types|LD3-45]] || || ||
|-
! [[Airbus A320]]<ref name=A320>{{cite web |url= https://www.airbus.com/content/dam/corporate-topics/publications/backgrounders/techdata/aircraft_characteristics/Airbus-Commercial-Aircraft-AC-A320-Feb18.pdf |title= A320 Aircraft Characteristics - Airport and Maintenance Planning |date= Feb 2018 |publisher= Airbus}}</ref>
!
| {{#expr:3+4}} LD3-45 || || 11<ref name=A320-A321P2F>{{cite web |url= https://www.elbeflugzeugwerke.com/fileadmin/pdfs/EFW_A320_A321P2F_six_pager.pdf |title= A320/A321 P2F |publisher= Elbe Flugzeugwerke |access-date= 2018-07-31 |archive-date= 2018-07-31 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20180731183429/https://www.elbeflugzeugwerke.com/fileadmin/pdfs/EFW_A320_A321P2F_six_pager.pdf |url-status= dead }}</ref> ||
|-
! [[Airbus A321]]<ref name=A321>{{cite web |url= https://www.airbus.com/content/dam/corporate-topics/publications/backgrounders/techdata/aircraft_characteristics/Airbus-Commercial-Aircraft-AC-A321-Feb18.pdf |title= A321 Aircraft Characteristics - Airport and Maintenance Planning |date= Feb 2018 |publisher= Airbus}}</ref>
!
| {{#expr:5+5}} LD3-45 || || 14<ref name=A320-A321P2F/> ||
|-
! [[Boeing 707]]-320C<ref name=B707>{{cite web |url= https://www.boeing.com/resources/boeingdotcom/commercial/airports/acaps/707.pdf |title= 707 Airplane Characteristics for Airport Planning |date= May 2011 |publisher= Boeing}}</ref>
!
| no lower ULD || || 13 || 13
|-
! [[Boeing 727]]-100C<ref name=B727>{{cite web |url= https://www.boeing.com/resources/boeingdotcom/commercial/airports/acaps/727.pdf |title= 727 Airplane Characteristics for Airport Planning |date= May 2011 |publisher= Boeing}}</ref>
!
| no lower ULD{{efn|The B727-200 had an option to hold 11 specific {{cvt|45.5|-|92.4|x|41.1|x|43.4|in|m}} base-full width × height × depth, {{cvt|78|cuft}} underfloor containers.}} || || 8 || 8
|-
! [[Boeing 737]]-200C<ref name=B737>{{cite web |url= https://www.boeing.com/resources/boeingdotcom/commercial/airports/acaps/737.pdf |title= 737 Airplane Characteristics for Airport Planning |date= Sep 2013 |publisher= Boeing}}</ref>
!
| no lower ULD || || 7 || 7
|-
! [[Boeing 737-300]]SF<ref name=B733>{{cite web |url= http://www.aeronautical-engineers.com/media/products/data_sheets/B737-300_9_Pallet_Spec_Sheet.pdf |title= B737-300SF Freighter Conversion |publisher= Aeronautical Engineers }}</ref>
!
| no lower ULD || || 9 ||
|-
! [[Boeing 737-400]]SF<ref name=B734>{{cite web |url= http://www.aeronautical-engineers.com/media/products/data_sheets/B737-400_11_Pallet_Spec_Sheet.pdf |title= B737-400SF Freighter Conversion |publisher= Aeronautical Engineers }}</ref>
!
| no lower ULD ||
| data-sort-value="10.5" | 10 ½ ||
|-
! [[Boeing 737-700]]C<ref name=B737/>
!
| no lower ULD || || 8 || 8
|-
! [[Boeing 737-800]]SF<ref name=B738>{{cite web |url= http://www.aeronautical-engineers.com/media/products/data_sheets/B737-800SF_12_Pallet_Spec_Sheet_1.pdf |title= B737-800SF Freighter Conversion |publisher= Aeronautical Engineers }}</ref>
!
| no lower ULD ||
| data-sort-value="11.5" | 11 ½ ||
|-
! [[Boeing 757]]-200F<ref name=B757>{{cite web |url= https://www.boeing.com/resources/boeingdotcom/commercial/airports/acaps/757_23.pdf |title= 757 Airplane Characteristics for Airport Planning |date= May 2011 |publisher= Boeing}}</ref>
!
| no lower ULD || || 15 ||
|-
!Comac [[Comac C919|C919]]<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-12-19 |title=COMAC C919 Guide and Specifications: China's Chance to Corner the Competition - Aviator Insider |url=https://aviatorinsider.com/airplane-brands/comac-c919-guide/ |access-date=2024-09-10 |language=en-US}}</ref>
! [[Douglas DC-8]]-55F<ref name=DC-8>{{cite web |url= https://www.boeing.com/resources/boeingdotcom/commercial/airports/acaps/dc8.pdf |title= DC-8 Airplane Characteristics for Airport Planning |date= May 2011 |publisher= McDonnell Douglas }}</ref>▼
!
| no lower ULD || || 13 || ▼
|{{#expr:3+4}} LD3-46<ref>{{Cite web |title=飞机装卸载系统的动力学分析 |url=https://wenku.baidu.com/view/d10e5bcb83eb6294dd88d0d233d4b14e85243e65?aggId=b55e32a00708763231126edb6f1aff00bfd57006&fr=catalogMain_text_ernie_recall_feed_index:wk_recommend_main3 |access-date=2024-09-10 |website=wenku.baidu.com}}</ref>
|
|
|
|-
▲! [[Douglas DC-8]]-55F<ref name="DC-8">{{cite web |url= https://www.boeing.com/resources/boeingdotcom/commercial/airports/acaps/dc8.pdf |title= DC-8 Airplane Characteristics for Airport Planning |date= May 2011 |publisher= McDonnell Douglas }}</ref>
! Douglas DC-8-62/72F<ref name=DC-8/>▼
!
| no lower ULD || || 14 || ▼
|-
! Douglas DC-8-
!
| no lower ULD || || 18 || ▼
|-
! [[Douglas DC-9]]-15F<ref name=DC-9>{{cite web |url= https://www.boeing.com/resources/boeingdotcom/commercial/airports/acaps/dc9.pdf |title= DC-8 Airplane Characteristics for Airport Planning |date= May 2011 |publisher= McDonnell Douglas }}</ref>▼
!
| no lower ULD || || || 6▼
|-
▲! [[Douglas DC-9]]-15F<ref name="DC-9">{{cite web |url= https://www.boeing.com/resources/boeingdotcom/commercial/airports/acaps/dc9.pdf |title= DC-8 Airplane Characteristics for Airport Planning |date= May 2011 |publisher= McDonnell Douglas }}</ref>
!
|-
! Douglas DC-9-32F<ref name="DC-9" />
! | no lower ULD || || || 8 |- ! [[McDonnell Douglas MD-80]]SF<ref name="MD-80">{{cite web |url= http://www.aeronautical-engineers.com/media/products/data_sheets/MD-80_Spec_Sheet.pdf |title= MD-80SF Freighter Conversion |publisher= Aeronautical Engineers }}</ref> !
| no lower ULD || 8 || 8 || 12
|}
{{notelist}}
[[File:Loading LD3 cargo containers onto United Boeing 777-300ER.webm|thumb|LD3 containers being loaded onto a [[Boeing 777-300ER]].]]
Aircraft loads can consist of containers, pallets, or a mix of ULD types, depending on requirements. In some aircraft the two types must be mixed as some compartments take only specific ULDs.
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| || || || 8 || ||
|-
| [[BAe 146]]-200<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.pionair.com.au/news/bae-146-200qc/ |title= BAe 146-200QC arriving April 2013 |date= March 28, 2013 |publisher= Pionair |access-date= November 11, 2018 |archive-date= December 18, 2018 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20181218010147/http://www.pionair.com.au/news/bae-146-200qc/ |url-status= dead }}</ref>
| 9 || || || || 6 || 4
|-
| [[ATR 72]]<ref name=ATRfamily>{{cite web |url= http://www.atraircraft.com/products_app/media/pdf/FAMILY_septembre2014.pdf |title= ATR Family |publisher= ATR |date= Sep 2014 |access-date= 2018-11-11 |archive-date= 2017-05-16 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20170516192620/http://www.atraircraft.com/products_app/media/pdf/FAMILY_septembre2014.pdf |url-status= dead }}</ref>
| 7 || || || 9 || 5 ||
|-
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| || 9 || || || ||
|-
| [[Xian MA600]]<ref>{{cite news |url= https://cargofacts.com/a-new-small-freighter-from-china/ |title= A new small freighter from China |author= David Harris |date= January 10, 2013 |work= Cargo facts }}{{Dead link|date=July 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>
| 5 || || 5 || || ||
|-
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==Identification==
[[File:ULD nomenclature.svg|thumb|right|Dimension names of ULD (LD3/AKE shown)]]
All ULDs are identified by their ULD number. A three-letter prefix identifies its type and key characteristics,<ref name="VRR-IATA-ULD">{{cite web |title=Identifying a Unit Load Device |url=https://vrr
{{cite web
|url=http://www.fredoniainc.com/glossary/air.html
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==Main-deck ULDs==
On the main deck of cargo planes are {{convert|79|to|
There are several common types of contoured main deck ULDs, that are contoured (curved to fit in the plane's body) to provide as much cargo volume as possible. Initially ULD contouring was simply a triangle removed from one or two corners of the profile of the ULD, such as the common LD3 and LD6. Main deck ULDs use curves for the contoured shape to truly maximize cargo volume. Upper deck ULDs are just like lower deck ULDs that are either the full width of the plane with two corners of the profile removed (lower deck LD6 lower), or that container is cut in half, down the center line of the plane, (lower deck LD3 and upper deck AAX).
| |||