Emperor Gaozu of Tang: Difference between revisions

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{{Short description|Emperor of China from 618 to 626}}

{{redirect|Li Yuan}}

{{Use dmy dates|date=JuneSeptember 20232024}}

{{more footnotes needed|date=June 2011}}

{{Infobox royalty

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| reign-type = Reign

| successor = [[Emperor Taizong of Tang|Emperor Taizong]]

| birth_date = 7 April 566<ref name=birth>According to Li Yuan's biography in ''[[Old Book of Tang]]'', he was born in the 1st year of the Tianhe''Tian'he'' era of Northernthe Zhou'sreign of [[Emperor Wu's reignof Northern Zhou]]. In the same biography, it was recorded that a birthday celebration was held for him on the ''jiaxu'' day of the 3rd month of the 8th year of the Zhenguan''Zhen'guan'' era of Tang Taizong's reign (634). For that month, the ''jiaxujia'xu'' day corresponds to the 2nd day of the month. Thus, Li Yuan's birthday was on the 2nd day of the 3rd month of the 1st year of the Tianhe''Tian'he'' era of Northernthe Zhou'sreign of Emperor Wu's reignof Northern Zhou. This date corresponds to 7 Apr 566 on the GregorianJulian calendar.</ref>

| birth_place = [[Chang'an]], [[Northern Zhou]]

| death_date = 25 June 635<ref name=death>According to Li Yuan's biography in ''[[Old Book of Tang]]'', he died on the ''gengzigeng'zi'' day of the 5th month of the 9th year of the ''Zhenguan'' era of Tang Taizong's reign. This date corresponds to 25 Jun 635 on the Gregorian calendar. ([贞观)九年五月庚子，高祖大渐，....是日，崩于太安宫之垂拱前殿，年七十。] ''Old Book of Tang, vol.1''.</ref>(aged 69)

| death_place = Da'an Palace, Chang'an, [[Tang dynasty]]

| burial_place = Xian Mausoleum (獻陵)

| spouse = [[Empress Taimu]]<br />(m. 581?; died 613?)

| spouse-type = Consorts

| issue = See {{section link||Family}}

| full name = Li Yuan {{lang|zh|李淵}}

| era dates = Wude ({{lang|zh|武德}})

| posthumous name = '''Short:''' Emperor Shenyao{{efn|Given inon 20 September 674.<ref>([上元元年]秋八月壬辰，追尊宣简公为宣皇帝，懿王为光皇帝，太祖武皇帝为高祖神尧皇帝...) ''Jiu Tang Shu'', vol.05</ref>}} ({{lang|zh|神堯皇帝}})<br />'''Full:''' Emperor Shényáo Dàshèng Dàguāng Xiào{{efn|Given inon 6 March 754.<ref>([天宝十三载]二月....甲戌，亲飨太庙，上高祖谥曰神尧大圣大光孝皇帝，...) ''Jiu Tang Shu'', vol.09</ref>}} ({{lang|zh|神堯大聖大光孝皇帝}})

| temple name = Gaozu ({{lang|zh|高祖}})

| house = [[House of Li|Li]]

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| succession1 = Duke of Tang

| reign-type1 = Tenure

| reign1 = 572 – 20 December 617<ref>On 20 December 617, Tang was promoted to a princedom. ([大业十三年]十一月...甲子，隋帝诏加高祖假黄钺、使持节、大都督内外诸军事、大丞相，进封唐王，总录万机。以武德殿为丞相府，改教为令。以陇西公建成为唐国世子...) ''Jiu Tang Shu'', vol.01</ref>

| reign1 = 572 – 618

| predecessor1 = [[Li Bing (Northern Zhou)|Li Bing]]

| successor1 = Incorporated with the crown

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}}

'''Emperor Gaozu of Tang''' (7 April 566<ref name=birth /> – 25 June 635),<ref name=death /> born '''Li Yuan''', [[courtesy name]] '''Shude''', was the founding [[Emperor of China|emperor]] of the [[Tang dynasty]] of China, reigning from 618 to 626 CE. Under the [[Sui dynasty]], Li Yuan was the governor in the area of modern-day [[Shanxi]], and was based in [[Taiyuan]].

In 615, Li Yuan was assigned to garrison Longxi. He gained much experience by dealing with the [[Göktürks]] of the north and was able to pacify them. Li Yuan was also able to gather support from these successes and, with the disintegration of the Sui dynasty in July 617, Li Yuan – urged on by his second son [[Emperor Taizong of Tang|Li Shimin]] ({{lang|zh|李世民}}, the eventual Emperor Taizong) – rose in rebellion. Using the title of "Great Chancellor" ({{lang|zh|大丞相}}), Li Yuan installed a puppet child emperor, [[Yang You]], but eventually removed him altogether and established the Tang dynasty in 618 with himself as emperor. His son and successor Li Shimin honoured him as Gaozu ("high founder") after his death.

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According to the official genealogy of the Tang ruling house, Li Yuan's seventh-generation ancestor was [[Li Gao]], the Han Chinese founder of the [[Dunhuang]]-based [[Sixteen Kingdoms]] state of [[Western Liang (Sixteen Kingdoms)|Western Liang]]. After Western Liang's destruction by the [[Northern Liang]], Li Gao's grandson Li Zhong'Er ({{lang|zh|李重耳}}) served as a [[Northern Wei]] official, but for several generations after that, Li Yuan's ancestors had only minor military titles. Li Yuan's paternal grandfather Li Hu ({{lang|zh|李虎}}) served as a major general under [[Western Wei]]'s paramount general [[Yuwen Tai]], and was created the Duke of Longxi and given the [[Xianbei]] surname Daye ({{lang|zh|大野}}). Li Hu died before Yuwen Tai's son [[Emperor Xiaomin of Northern Zhou]] founded [[Northern Zhou]], but was posthumously created the Duke of Tang after Northern Zhou's founding. His son and Li Yuan's father [[Li Bing (Northern Zhou)|Li Bing]] ({{lang|zh|李昞}}), of Han ethnicity, inherited the title of the Duke of Tang and married one of the [[Dugu sisters]] and daughter of the prominent Xianbei general [[Dugu Xin]]. Li Bing died in 572, and Li Yuan inherited the title of Duke of Tang, a title he continued to hold after the Northern Zhou throne was seized by [[Emperor Wen of Sui]] (Yang Jian) in 581, establishing the [[Sui dynasty]], as Emperor Wen's wife, [[Dugu Qieluo|Empress Dugu]], was an aunt of his.

At some point,<ref>Historical sources did not indicate when Li Yuan and Lady Dou were wedded. However the date should be before Dou Yi's death on 3 Jan 583. ([开皇二年]十二月...甲戌，上柱国窦毅卒。) ''Sui Shu'', vol.01. Lady Dou's biographies in both ''Books of Tang'' indicate that her father was involved in helping her find a husband.</ref> he married [[Empress Taimu|Lady Dou]], a daughter of Dou Yi ({{lang|zh|竇毅}}) the Duke of Shenwu and Northern Zhou's Princess Xiangyang (Yuwen Tai's daughter) as his wife and duchess.

During Emperor Wen's reign (581–604), Li Yuan served three terms as a provincial governor. Early in the reign of Emperor Wen's son [[Emperor Yang of Sui|Emperor Yang]], Li Yuan served as commandery governor (as Emperor Yang converted provinces into commanderies), but was later recalled to serve as a junior minister within Emperor Yang's administration. When Emperor Yang carried out his [[Goguryeo–Sui War|second campaign]] against [[Goguryeo]] in 613, Li Yuan was in charge of part of the logistics operation. When the general [[Yang Xuangan]] rebelled near the eastern capital [[Luoyang]], Emperor Yang commissioned Li Yuan as a general and made him be in charge of the operations west of the [[Tong Pass]], although Yang Xuangan's rebellion eventually did not involve that region. Li Yuan took the opportunity to recruit talented people to his staff. Later that year, when Emperor Yang summoned him to his presence, he declined, citing ill health—an excuse that Emperor Yang did not believe, as he questioned Li Yuan's niece, Consort Wang (Emperor Yang's [[concubine]]), "Will he die?". In fear, Li Yuan took up drinking and receiving bribes to try to show Emperor Yang that he did not have great ambitions. In 615, Emperor Yang placed him in charge of the operations against agrarian rebels in the [[Hedong Commandery|Hedong]] ({{lang|zh|河東}}) region (roughly modern [[Shanxi]]), but recalled him in 616. Later that year, Emperor Yang put him in charge of the key city of Taiyuan ({{lang|zh|太原}}, in modern [[Taiyuan]], [[Shanxi]]).

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[[File:Establishment of the Tang Dynasty.svg|thumb|469x469px|Map of the situation in northern China during the transition from the Sui to the Tang, with the main contenders for the throne and the main military operations]]

[[File:Tang Pottery Figures (47433454272).jpg|thumb|Tang dynasty pottery warriors]]

In spring 618, Emperor Yang was killed at Jiangdu ({{lang|zh|江都}}, in modern [[Yangzhou]], [[Jiangsu]]) in a coup led by the general [[Yuwen Huaji]]. When the news reached Chang'an, Li Yuan had Yang You yield the throne to him, becoming Emperor Gaozu of the [[Tang dynasty]] . He restored much of the institutions of Sui's first ruler, Emperor Wen, reversing a number of changes that Emperor Yang made. He created Yang You the Duke of Xi, Li Jiancheng, his oldest son, was named [[crown prince]], while Li Shimin was made the Prince of Qin and Li Yuanji the Prince of Qi. Meanwhile, the Sui officials at Luoyang declared another grandson of Emperor Yang, Yang You's brother [[Yang Tong]], the Prince of Yue, as emperor, and refused to recognize the regime change in Chang'an.

Emperor Gaozu's rule immediately faced a major challenge from [[Xue Ju]], an agrarian leader who had declared himself the Emperor of Qin. During the fall of 618, Xue took advantage of Li Shimin's illness to defeat an army commanded by Li Shimin and Liu Wenjing at Qianshui Plain (in modern [[Xianyang]], [[Shanxi]]) and approach Chang'an. In response, Gaozu tried to enter an alliance with [[Li Gui (warlord)|Li Gui]], the Prince of Liang, between whose ___domain and the Tang Xue's Qin state was located, writing Li Gui and referring to him as cousin. Li Gui briefly submitted to Gaozu. Meanwhile, before he could attack Chang'an, Xue Ju died of illness and was succeeded by his son [[Xue Rengao]], who was a capable commander but who had alienated his generals because of his cruelty. Li Shimin was soon able to attack Xue Rengao at Gaozhi ({{lang|zh|高墌}}, in modern Xianyang as well), and force Xue Rengao to surrender.

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In 630, when Emperor Gaozu, who had been submitting tribute to the Eastern Turks throughout his reign, heard that Emperor Taizong had sent the general [[Li Jing (Tang dynasty)|Li Jing]] to defeat and capture the Turkic ''khagan'' [[Jiali Khan]] (Ashina Duobi), commented, "[[Gaozu of Han]] was trapped [at [[Battle of Baideng|Baideng]] ({{lang|zh|白登}}, in modern [[Datong]], [[Shanxi]]) in 200 BCE by [[Xiongnu]] forces] and could not avenge himself. Now my son can destroy Tujue. I have entrusted the empire to the right person, and what do I have to worry about?"<ref>[https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E8%B3%87%E6%B2%BB%E9%80%9A%E9%91%91/%E5%8D%B7193 資治通鑑/卷193 Zizhi Tongjian]</ref> He subsequently summoned a number of princes and princesses, along with high level officials, to celebrate the victory, playing the [[pipa]] himself at the celebration and having the guests dance to it.

As Chang'an was often hot during the summer, Emperor Taizong often invited Emperor Gaozu to go with him to Jiucheng Palace ({{lang|zh|九成宮}}, in modern [[Baoji]], [[Shaanxi]]), to avoid the heat during the summer. However, as Sui's Emperor Wen had died there (which was named Renshou Palace ({{lang|zh|仁壽宮}}) during the Sui dynasty), Emperor Gaozu did not want to visit Jiucheng Palace. Rather, in 634, Emperor Taizong began to construct another summer palace, [[Daming Palace]] ({{lang|zh|大明宮}}), to serve as Emperor Gaozu's summer palace, but Emperor Gaozu fell ill before it was completed, and he never visited Daming Palace. He died in springJune 635.

==Era name==

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* [[Fang Xuanling]] (626)

==Consorts and Issue:issue==

==Family==

* [[Empress Taimu]], of the Dou clan of Henan ({{lang|zh|太穆皇后 河南竇氏／河南窦氏}}; {{Circa|569}}–613)

Consorts and Issue:

** [[EmpressLi TaimuJiancheng]], ofCrown thePrince Dou clan of HenanYin ({{lang|zh|隱皇太穆子／隐皇后太子 河南竇氏/河南窦氏李建成}}; c. 569–613589–626), 1st son

** [[LiPrincess Jiancheng]],Pingyang|Princess CrownZhao Princeof YinPingyang]] ({{lang|zh|隱皇太子 李建成/隐皇太子 李建成平陽昭公主／平阳昭公主}}; 589–626d. 623), first3rd sondaughter

*** Married [[PrincessChai Pingyang|PrincessShao]], ZhaoDuke of Pingyang]]Qiao ({{langLang|zh|平陽昭譙國公主 柴紹／谯国公 柴绍}}; d. 623638), thirdand daughterhad issue (two sons)

** [[Emperor Taizong of Tang|Li Shimin]], Emperor Taizong ({{lang|zh|太宗 李世民}}; 598–649), 2nd son

*** Married [[Chai Shao]], Duke of Qiao (谯国公柴绍，d. 638), and had issue (two sons)

** [[Emperor Taizong of Tang|Li ShiminXuanba]], EmperorPrince Huai of TaizongWei ({{lang|zh|太宗衛懷王／卫怀王 李世民玄霸}}; 598–649599–614), second3rd son

** [[Li XuanbaYuanji]], Prince WeihuaiLa of Chao ({{lang|zh|衛懷王 李玄霸/卫怀巢剌王 李玄元吉}}; 599–614603–626), third4th son

** [[LiNoble Yuanji]]Consort, Princeof Chaolathe Wan clan ({{lang|zh|巢剌王貴妃 李元吉萬氏／贵妃 万氏}}; 603–626), fourth son

** NobleLi ConsortZhiyun, ofPrince theAi Wanof clanChu ({{lang|zh|貴妃楚哀王 萬氏李智雲／李智云}}/贵妃; 万氏604–617), 5th son

** ''Li Zhiyun, Prince Chu'ai'' ({{lang|zh|楚哀王 李智雲}}/楚哀王 李智; 604–617), fifth son

* Virtuous Consort, of the Yin clan ({{lang|zh|德妃 尹氏}})

** Li Yuanheng, Prince FengdaoDao of Feng ({{lang|zh|酆悼王 李元亨}}; 619–632), eighth8th son

* FirstLady Imperialof Bright ConcubineDeportment, of the Yuwen clan ({{lang|zh|昭儀／昭仪 宇文氏}}/昭仪 宇文氏,; d. 634)

** Li Yuanjia, Prince of Han ({{Lang|zh|韓王／韩王 李元嘉/韩王}}; 620–688), 11th son

** Li Lingkui, Prince of Lu ({{lang|zh|魯王 李靈夔}}/／鲁王 李零灵夔}}; 625–688), 19th son

* Noble Imperial Concubine, of the Mo clan ({{lang|zh|貴嬪／贵嫔 莫氏}}/贵嫔 莫氏; 597–618), personal name Lifang ({{lang|zh|麗芳}}/／丽芳}})

** Li Yuanjing, Prince of Jing ({{lang|zh|荊王／荆王 李元景}}; 618–653), sixth6th son

* Imperial Concubine, of the Sun[[Cui clan of Boling]] ({{lang|zh|嬪／嫔 孫博陵崔氏}}/嫔; 孙氏d. 636), personal name Shanggui ({{lang|zh|商珪}})

** Li YuanchangYuanyu, Prince HanKang of Deng ({{lang|zh|漢鄧康王／邓康王 李元昌裕}}/汉王 李元昌; 619–643624–665), seventh17th son

* Imperial Concubine, of the [[CuiSun clan of Boling]] ({{lang|zh|嬪 博陵崔孫氏}}/／嫔 博陵崔孙氏； d. 636), personal name Shanggui ({{lang|zh|商珪}})

** Li YuanyuYuanchang, Prince Dengkangof Han ({{lang|zh|鄧康漢王／汉王 李元裕昌}}/邓康王 李元裕; 624–665619–643), 17th7th son

* Imperial Concubine, of the [[Yang clan of Hongnong]] ({{lang|zh|嬪 弘農楊氏／嫔 弘农杨氏}}/嫔; 602–657)

** Li Yuanxiang, Prince An of Jiang'an ({{lang|zh|江安王 李元祥}}; 626–680), 20th son

* Imperial Concubine, of the Yang clan ({{lang|zh|嬪 楊氏}}/／嫔 杨氏}})

** Li Yuanming, Prince of Shu ({{lang|zh|舒王 李元名}}; 624–689), 18th son

* Fairness Lady of Handsome Fairness, of the Zhang clan ({{lang|zh|婕妤 張氏}}/／张氏}})

** ''Li Yuanfang, Prince of Zhou'' ({{lang|zh|周王 李元方}}; 619–629), ninth9th son

* Fairness Lady of Handsome Fairness, of the Guo clan ({{lang|zh|婕妤 郭氏}})

** Li Yuanli, Prince XukangKang of Xu ({{lang|zh|徐康王 李元禮}}/／李元礼}}; 619–672), tenth10th son

* Fairness Lady of Handsome Fairness, of the Liu clan ({{lang|zh|婕妤 劉氏}}/刘氏}})

** Li Yuanqing, Prince DaoxiaoXiao of Dao ({{lang|zh|道孝王 李元慶}}/李元庆}}; 623–664), 16th son

* Lady of Beauty, of the Zhang clan ({{lang|zh|美人 張氏}}/／张氏}})

** Li Yuangui, Prince of Huo ({{lang|zh|霍王 李元軌}}/／李元轨}}; 622–688), 14th son

* Lady of Beauty, the Yang clan ({{lang|zh|美人 楊氏}}/／杨氏}}; d. 644)

** Li Feng, Prince GuozhuangZhuang of Guo ({{lang|zh|虢莊王 李鳳}}/／虢庄王 李凤}}; 622–675), 15th son

* Talented Lady of Talent, of the Wang clan ({{lang|zh|才人 王氏}}; 596–662)

** Li Yuanze, Prince PengsiSi of Peng ({{lang|zh|彭思王 李元則}}/／李元则}}; 620–651), 12th son

* Talented Lady of Talent, of the Lu clan ({{lang|zh|才人 魯氏}}/／鲁氏}})

** Li Yuanxiao, Prince MizhenZhen of Mi ({{lang|zh|密貞王 李元曉}}/／密贞王 李元晓}}; 628–676), 21st son

* Treasured Lady of Treasure, of the Zhang clan ({{lang|zh|寶林 張氏}}/／宝林 张氏}}; 589–645), personal name Chongze ({{lang|zh|寵則}}/／宠则}})

** Li Yuanyi, Prince ZhenghuiHui of Zheng ({{lang|zh|鄭惠王 李元懿/／郑惠王 李元懿}}; 621–673), 13th son

* Treasured Lady of Treasure, of the Liu clan ({{lang|zh|寶林 柳氏/／宝林 柳氏}})

** Li Yuanying, Prince of Teng ({{lang|zh|(滕王 李元嬰/／李元婴}}; 630–684), 22nd son

* Unknown

** Princess Changsha ({{lang|zh|長沙公主/／长沙公主}}), first1st daughter

*** Married Feng Shaoshi of [[Xindu Commandery|Changle]] ({{lang|zh|長樂 馮少師/／长乐 风少师}})

** Princess Xiangyang ({{lang|zh|襄陽公主／襄阳公主}}), 2nd daughter

*** Married Dou Dan of [[Henan Commandery|Henan]], Duke of Shen ({{lang|zh|莘國公 河南 竇誕/／莘国公 河南 窦诞}}; 580–648), the third son of [[Dou Kang]], in 617, and had issue (two sons, one daughter)

** Princess Gaomi ({{lang|zh|高密公主}}; d. 655), 4th daughter

*** Married Zhangsun Xiaozheng of Henan ({{lang|zh|河南 長孫孝政/／长孙孝政}}), and had issue (one daughter)

*** Married Duan Lun, Prince of Jinchang Commandery ({{lang|zh|晋昌郡王 段綸/／段纶}}; d. 642), and had issue (one son, one daughter)

** Princess Changguang ({{lang|zh|長廣公主/／长广公主}}; d. 648), 5th daughter

*** Married Zhao Cijing of [[Tianshui Commandery|Tianshui]], Duke of Kaihua Commandery ({{lang|zh|开化郡公 天水 赵慈景}}; d. 618), and had issue (one son)

*** Married [[Yang Shidao]] of [[Hongnong Commandery|Hongnong]], Duke of Ande Commandery ({{lang|zh|安德郡公 弘農 楊師道/／弘农 杨师道}}; d. 647) in 622, and had issue (one son, one daughter)

** Princess Fangling ({{lang|zh|房陵公主}}; 619–673), 6th daughter

*** Married Dou Fengjie of Henan, Duke of Zan ({{lang|zh|酇國公 河南 竇奉節/／酂国公 河南 窦奉节}}) in 630, and had issue (one son, one daughter)

*** Married Helan Sengjia, Baron of Tonghua County ({{lang|zh|通化縣開國男 賀蘭僧伽/／通化县开国男 贺兰僧伽}}), and had issue (one son)

** Princess Changle ({{lang|zh|常樂公主/／长乐公主}}; d. 688), 7th daughter

*** Married Zhao Gui ({{lang|zh|趙瑰/／赵瑰}}; d. 688), and had issue (one daughter, who married [[Emperor Zhongzong of Tang|Emperor Zhongzong]] as his first wife)

** Princess Jiujiang ({{lang|zh|九江公主}}), 8th daughter

*** Married Zhishi Sili, Duke of An ({{lang|zh|安國公 執失思力/／安国公 执失思力}})

** Princess Luling ({{lang|zh|廬陵公主/／庐陵公主}}), 9th daughter

*** Married Qiao Shiwang, Viscount of Xiangyi County ({{lang|zh|襄邑縣子 喬師望/／襄邑县子 乔师望}})

** Princess Nanchang ({{lang|zh|南昌公主}}),10th daughter

*** Married Su Xu ({{lang|zh|蘇勗/／苏勖}})

** Princess Anping ({{lang|zh|安平公主}}), 11th daughter

*** Married Yang Sijing of Hongnong ({{lang|zh|弘農 楊思敬/／弘农 杨思敬}})

** Princess Huainan ({{lang|zh|淮南公主}}; 622–690), personal name Chengxia ({{lang|zh|澄霞}}), 12th daughter

*** Married Feng Daoyan of [[Bohai Commandery|Bohai]], Duke of Mi ({{lang|zh|密國公／密国公 渤海 封道言}}; 616–699), a son of [[Feng Deyi|Feng Lun]], in 638

** Princess Zhending ({{lang|zh|真定公主}}), 13th daughter

*** Married Cui Gongli of [[Cui clan of Boling|Boling]], Baron of Boling Commandery ({{lang|zh|博陵郡男 博陵 崔恭禮/／崔恭礼}})

** Princess Hengyang ({{lang|zh|衡陽公主/／衡阳公主}}), 14th daughter

*** Married [[Ashina She'er]], Duke of Bi ({{lang|zh|畢國公 阿史那社爾／毕国公 阿史那社尔}}; 609–655), a son of [[Ashina Xichun]], in 636, and had issue (one son)

** Princess Danyang ({{lang|zh|丹陽公主/／丹阳公主}}), 15th daughter

*** Married Xue Wanche of [[Hedong Commandery|Hedong]], Duke of Wu'an County ({{lang|zh|武安縣公 河東 薛萬徹/／武安县公 河东 薛万彻}}; d. 653) in 644

** Princess Linhai ({{lang|zh|臨海公主/／临海公主}}), 16th daughter

*** Married Pei LüshiLushi of Hedong, Duke of Hedong Commandery ({{lang|zh|河東郡公 河東 裴律師/／河东郡公 河东 裴律师}}), the second son of [[Pei Ji (Sui and Tang)|Pei Ji]]

** Princess Guantao ({{lang|zh|館陶公主/／馆陶公主}}), 17th daughter

*** Married Cui Xuanqing ({{lang|zh|崔宣慶/／崔宣庆}})

** Princess ChangshaWanchun ({{lang|zh|長沙萬春公主/长沙／万春公主}}; d. 724), 18th daughter

*** Married Doulu Huairang of Changli, Duke of Rui ({{lang|zh|芮國公 昌黎 豆盧懷讓/／芮国公 昌黎 豆卢怀让}}), and had issue (one son, one daughter)

** Princess Anding ({{lang|zh|安定公主}}), 19th daughter

*** Married Wen Ting ({{lang|zh|溫挺/／温挺}}), the second son of [[Wen Yanbo (Tang dynasty)|Wen Yanbo]]

*** Married Zheng Jingxuan of [[Zheng clan of Xingyang|Xingyang]] ({{lang|zh|滎陽 鄭敬玄/／荥阳 郑敬玄}}), and had issue (one son)

==Ancestry==

{{ahnentafel | align = center

| boxstyle_1 = background-color: #fcc;

| boxstyle_2 = background-color: #fb9;

| boxstyle_3 = background-color: #ffc;

| boxstyle_4 = background-color: #bfc;

| boxstyle_5 = background-color: #9fe;

| 1 = Emperor Gaozu of Tang (566–635)

| 2 = Li Bing (d. 573)

| 3 = [[Dugu sisters|Empress Yuanzhen]]

| 4 = Li Hu

| 5 = Empress Jinglie

| 6 = [[Dugu Xin]] (503–557)

| 8 = Li Tianxi

| 9 = Lady Jia

| 12 = Dugu Kuzhe

| 13 = Lady Feilian

| 16 = Li Xi

| 17 = Lady Zhang

| 24 = Dugu Chudoufa

| 25 = Lady Daxi

}}

==See also==

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{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Gaozu, Emperor Ofof Tang}}

[[Category:566 births]]

[[Category:635 deaths]]

[[Category:Sui dynasty generals]]

[[Category:Sui dynasty government officials]]

[[Category:Emperors of the Tang dynasty emperors]]

[[Category:MonarchsChinese emperors who abdicated]]

[[Category:7th-century Chinese monarchs]]

[[Category:Politicians from Xi'an]]

Line 326 ⟶ 302:

[[Category:Transition from Sui to Tang]]

[[Category:Emperor Taizong of Tang]]

[[Category:FoundingFounders monarchsof Imperial Chinese dynasties]]