Advanced SCSI Programming Interface: Difference between revisions

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Line 1: {{Short description\|Computer software for connecting SCSI devices}} ~~{{more footnotes\|date=June 2009}}~~ ~~In [[computing]],~~The '''~~ASPI~~Advanced SCSI Programming Interface''' ('''~~Advanced SCSI Programming Interface~~ASPI''') is ana programming interface developed by [[Adaptec]]~~-developed programming interface~~ which standardizes [[communication]] on a [[computer bus]] between a [[SCSI]] [[device driver\|driver]] module ~~on the one hand~~ and SCSI (and [[ATAPI]]) [[peripheral]]s ~~on the other~~.<ref name=guide>{{cite ~~journal~~book \| last=Sawert \| first=Brian \| date=1998 \| url=https://archive.org/details/programmersguide0000sawe/page/55/ \| title=The ~~Advanced~~Programmer's Guide to SCSI ~~Programming~~\| publisher=Addison-Wesley ~~Interface~~\| pages=55–102, 233 \| isbn=0201185385 \| via=Google Books}}</ref>{{rp\|55–56}}<ref>{{cite journal \| last=~~Dr.~~White ~~Dobb's~~\| first=Myles ~~Journal~~\| date=~~March~~May 25, 1995 ~~1994~~\| url=~~http~~https://www.~~drdobbs~~newspapers.com/~~architecture-and-design~~article/the-~~advanced~~toronto-~~scsi~~star-~~programming~~getting-~~interface~~your-components/~~184409199~~159678613/ \| title=Getting your components to work together, part II \| journal=The Toronto Star \| page=H3 \| via=Newspapers.com}}</ref> == ~~ASPI structure~~Structure == The ASPI manager software provides an interface between ASPI modules (device drivers or applications with direct SCSI support), a [[SCSI host adapter]], and SCSI devices connected to the host adapter. The ASPI manager is specific to the host adapter and [[operating system]]; its primary role is to abstract the host adapter specifics and provide a generic software interface to SCSI devices.<ref name=guide />{{rp\|56}} On [[Windows 9x]] and [[Windows NT]], the ASPI manager is generic and relies on the services of SCSI miniport drivers. On those systems, the ASPI interface is designed for applications which require SCSI pass-through functionality (such as [[CD-ROM]] burning software).<ref name=guide />{{rp\|57}} The primary operations supported by ASPI are discovery of host adapters and attached devices, and submitting [[SCSI ~~commands~~command]]s to devices via SRBs (SCSI Request Blocks).<ref name=guide />{{rp\|233}} ASPI supports concurrent execution of SCSI commands.<ref name=bookofscsi />{{rp\|231}} == History == ASPI was developed by [[Adaptec]] around 1989<ref name=hoovers>{{cite book \| editor-last=Spain \| editor-first=Patrick J. \| editor2=James R. Talbot \| date=1995 \| url=https://archive.org/details/hoovershandbooko0000unse_j4c4/page/118/ \| title=Hoover's Handbook of Emerging Compaies 1995: Profiles of America's Most Exciting Growth Enterprises \| publisher=The Reference Press \| page=118 \| isbn=9781878753755 \| via=Google Books}}</ref> and was formally introduced in January 1990. Originally supporting only [[MS-DOS]],<ref name=brownstein>{{cite journal \| last=Brownstein \| first=Mark \| date=January 15, 1990 \| url=https://books.google.com/books?id=eTAEAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA409 \| title=Adaptec Unveils SCSI Interface Standard \| journal=InfoWorld \| publisher=IDG Publications \| volume=12 \| issue=3 \| page=23 \| via=Google Books}}</ref> support for [[NetWare]] was added in 1991, while support for [[OS/2]] and [[Windows 3.x]] was added in 1992.<ref name=hoovers /><ref name=redefines>{{cite journal \| last=Guzman \| first=Ed \| date=June 1992 \| url=https://www.proquest.com/docview/220619290 \| title=ASPI Refines SCSI I/O Routing \| journal=Computer Technology Review \| publisher=West World Publications \| volume=12 \| issue=7 \| page=22 \| id={{ProQuest\|220619290}} }}</ref> Originally developed only for SCSI devices, support for [[ATAPI]] devices was added later.<ref>{{cite book \| last=Mueller \| first=Scott \| date=2003 \| edition=14th \| url=https://books.google.com/books?id=eV1_LjW3pTkC \| title=Upgrading and Repairing PCs \| publisher=Que \| pages=563–564, 771–772 \| isbn=9780789727459 \| via=Google Books}}</ref>{{rp\|772}} Most other SCSI host adapter vendors (for example [[BusLogic]], DPT, AMI, [[Future Domain]], DTC) shipped their own ASPI managers with their hardware.<ref>{{cite journal\|last=Myers\|first=Ben\|title=More on ASPI\|url=https://www.drdobbs.com/letters/184409247\|page=10\|volume=19\|issue=5\|date=May 1994\|journal=Dr. Dobb's Journal\|publisher=UBM LLC\|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20241125034059/https://www.drdobbs.com/letters/184409247\|archivedate=November 25, 2024\|url-status=live}}</ref> Originally inspired by a driver architecture developed by [[Douglas Goodall\|Douglas W. Goodall]] for [[Ampro\|Ampro Computers]] in 1983,<ref>{{cite web \|title=Douglas W. Goodall - Ampro Computers \|url=https://www.linkedin.com/in/douglasgoodall/de \|access-date=2017-01-28 \|quote=I worked briefly at Ampro in order to modify the [[CP/M-80]] [[CP/M BIOS\|BIOS]] for the Little Board [[Zilog Z80\|Z80]] to support [[SCSI]] hard disk operations. […] I suggested my skills would be better used working with a 16-bit card such as an [[Intel 80186\|80186]]. […] I wrote the SCSI support for that board as well. […] I taught a staff employee the principles of my driver architecture. He then left Ampro and went to work for [[Adaptec]], where he reproduced my driver architecture and it ended up being called ASPI.}}</ref> ASPI was developed by [[Adaptec]] around 1990. It was initially designed to support DOS, OS/2, Windows 3.x, and Novell NetWare. It was originally written to support SCSI devices; support for ATAPI devices was added later. Most other SCSI host adapter vendors (for example BusLogic, DPT, AMI, Future Domain, DTC) shipped their own ASPI managers with their hardware.<ref>{{cite web\|last=Myers\|first=Ben\|title=More on ASPI\|url=http://www.drdobbs.com/letters/184409247}}</ref> Adaptec also developed generic SCSI disk and CD-ROM drivers for DOS ({{mono\|ASPICD.SYS}} and {{mono\|ASPIDISK.SYS}}).<ref name=bookofscsi>{{cite book \| last=Ridge \| first=Peter M. \| date=1995 \| url=https://books.google.com/books?id=etcmAQAAMAAJ&q=%22ASPIDISK.SYS%22+%22ASPICD.SYS%22 \| title=The Book of SCSI: A Guide for Adventurers \| publisher=No Starch Press \| isbn=9781886411029 \| via=Google Books}}</ref>{{rp\|60–61}} At least a couple of other programming interfaces for SCSI device drivers competed with ASPI in the early 1990s, including CAM (Common Access Method), developed by Apple; and Layered Device Driver Architecture, developed by [[Microsoft]]. However, ASPI was far and away more common than any of its competitors in this space, with ''PC Magazine'' declaring it a ''de facto'' standard for developing SCSI device drivers only two years after its introduction.<ref>{{cite journal \| last=Thomas \| first=Susan G. \| date=April 28, 1992 \| url=https://books.google.com/books?id=HERlo0BgpGYC&pg=PT32 \| title=SCSI Protocol Wars: ASPI, CAM, LADDR \| journal=PC Magazine \| publisher=Ziff-Davis \| volume=11 \| issue=8 \| page=31 \| via=Google Books}}</ref> Microsoft licensed the interface for use with [[Windows 9x\|Windows 9x series]]. At the same time Microsoft developed [[SCSI Pass Through Interface]] (SPTI), an in-house substitute that worked on the NT platform. Microsoft did not include ASPI in Windows 2000/XP, in favor of its own SPTI. Users may still download ASPI from Adaptec. A number of CD/DVD applications also continue to offer their own implementations of ASPI layer. Starting in 1995, Microsoft licensed the interface for use with their [[Windows 9x]] operating systems. At the same time [[Microsoft]] developed SCSI Pass Through Interface (SPTI), an in-house substitute that worked on the NT platform. Microsoft did not include ASPI in [[Windows 2000]]/[[Windows XP\|XP]], in favor of its own SPTI.<ref>{{cite journal \| last=Tewell \| first=Thomas \| date=December 1997 \| url=https://www.drdobbs.com/windows/writing-portable-win32-scsi-applications/184410340 \| title=Writing Portable Win32 SCSI Applications \| journal=Dr. Dobb's Journal \| publisher=UBM LLC \| volume=22 \| issue=12 \| pages=56–57 \| archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141218172923/https://www.drdobbs.com/windows/writing-portable-win32-scsi-applications/184410340 \| archivedate=December 18, 2014}}</ref> == Driver ==▼ ~~ASPI was provided by the following drivers.~~ To support [[Universal Serial Bus\|USB]] drives under DOS, [[Panasonic]] developed a universal ASPI driver ({{mono\|USBASPI.SYS}}) that bypasses the lack of native USB support by DOS.<ref>{{cite book \| date=2006 \| url=https://books.google.com/books?id=bf6LjPgbE9QC&dq=%22USBASPI.SYS%22&pg=PA130 \| title=软件安装完全手册 \| trans-title=Complete Software Installation Manual \| lang=Chinese \| publisher=Science Press \| page=130 \| isbn=978-7-03-018123-7 \| via=Google Books}}</ref> ▲== ~~Driver~~Drivers == Examples of ASPI drivers: : {\| class="wikitable" border="1" \|- ! Operating ~~System~~system ! Driver ~~Filename~~filename ! Bundled \|- \| MS-DOS \| {{mono\|ASPI4DOS.SYS}} or {{mono\|USBASPI.SYS}} (USB drives only) \| {{no}} \|- \| Windows 3.1x \| {{mono\|WINASPI.DLL}} \| {{no}} \|- \| [[Windows 95]], [[Windows 98\|98]] and [[Windows ME\|ME]] \| {{mono\|WNASPI32.DLL}}, {{mono\|WINASPI.DLL}}, {{mono\|APIX.VXD}} and {{mono\|ASPIENUM.VXD}} \| {{yes}} \|- \| Windows NT, 2000, XP \| {{mono\|WNASPI32.DLL}}, {{mono\|ASPI32.SYS}} \| {{no}} \|- ~~\| [[FreeDOS]]~~ ~~\| USBASPI.SYS~~ ~~\| {{unk}}~~ \|} == See also == * [[SCSI Pass-Through Direct]] (SPTD) * [[SCSI Pass Through Interface]] (SPTI) == References == {{Reflist}} ~~== External links ==~~ ~~=== Adaptec's ASPI driver ===~~ [https://storage.microsemi.com/en-us/speed/software_pc/aspi/aspi_471a2_exe.php Adaptec ASPI driver] ~~=== Non-Adaptec ASPI drivers for Windows ===~~ [https://web.archive.org/web/20100223201424/ftp://ftp6.nero.com/NeroAspiEn.exe Nero ASPI driver] [https://web.archive.org/web/20100223201424/http://www.frogaspi.org/download.htm Frog ASPI driver] [http://users.skynet.be/t_chan/MekugiAspi/MekugiAspi.htm Mekugi ASPI driver for Win7 64bits] [ftp://ftp.pinnaclesys.de/driver/pc/InstantCDDVD/ASAPI.exe Pinnacle Systems ASAPI driver]{{dead link\|date=October 2016 \|bot=InternetArchiveBot \|fix-attempted=yes }} ~~=== Technical information===~~ [http://www.zianet.com/jgray/dat/files/ASPI32.pdf Technical reference (ASPI for Win32)] [https://web.archive.org/web/20080915021504/http://www.doom9.org/aspi.htm ASPI Layer setup] ~~=== Tips ===~~ [http://www.nu2.nu/aspi/ Bart's page about ASPI] [[Category:Application programming interfaces]]