Local development framework: Difference between revisions

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{{Update|inaccurate=y|date=November 2010}}

{{Redirects here|LDFs|the Van der Waals force|London dispersion force}} [[File:Buckshaw village (2).jpg|thumb|Buckshaw Village, Lancashire is an example of a recently planned development.]]

[[File:Buckshaw village (2).jpg|thumb]]

A '''local development framework''' is the [[spatial planning]] strategy introduced in [[England and Wales]] by the [[Planning and Compulsory Purchase Act 2004]] and given detail in [[Planning Policy Statements]] 12. In most parts of the two countries, maintaining the framework is the responsibility of English [[Districts of England|district councils]] and Welsh [[Subdivisions of Wales|principal area councils]].

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The frameworks were prepared within a [[regional spatial strategy]] (RSS) prepared for each [[Regions of England|region]] by the [[Secretary of State]] (specifically the [[Deputy Prime Minister of the United Kingdom|Deputy Prime Minister]]). Local development frameworks were required to have regard to the RSS until they were abolished in 2010.

All PPS were replaced by the [[National Planning Policy Framework]] in 2012. Chapter 3 sets out the requirements for plan-making.

==Composition==

The local development documents ''taken as a whole'' must set out the authority's policies relating to the ''development and use of land'' in their area. In the case of LDDs included in a minerals and waste development scheme, the LDDs together must also set out the authority's policies relating to minerals and waste development.

Each framework will be a folder containing a number of inter-related documents:

Each framework will be a folder containing a number of inter-related documents. The Core Strategy, development plan documents and statement of community involvement are compulsory, with other documents being optional.

===Compulsory documents===

*[[Local development document]]s

*Development plan documents - see below

*[[Statements of community involvement]]

*[[Annual monitoring report]]

*[[Local development scheme]]

===OptionalLocal documentsdevelopment scheme===

This is a public 'project plan' which identify which [[local development document]]s will be produced, in what order and when. The local development scheme acts as the starting point for the community and [[project stakeholder|stakeholders]] to find out about the local authority's planning policies in respect to a particular place or issue, and what the status of those policies is. It also outlines the details of, and timetable for the production of all documents that make up the local development framework over a three-year period. All local authorities submitted their local development schemes to the [[Secretary of State (United Kingdom)|Secretary of State]] by the end of March 2005

*[[Supplementary planning document]]s

*[[Local development order]]s

*[[Simplified planning zone]]s

===CompulsoryDevelopment plan documents===

==Key Government Aims==

#Flexibility

#Strengthening community and stakeholder involvement

#Front-loading sometimes - [[local authorities]] to take key decisions early in the preparation of local development documents.

#Sustainability appraisal

#Programme management

#Soundness - local development documents must be soundly based in terms of their content and the process by which they are produced. The must also be based upon a robust, credible evidence base.

These include the [[core strategy document]] and the [[Development plan|local plan]]. The [[Town and Country Planning (Local Development) (England) Regulations 2004]] ([[SI 2004]]/2204) lays out details they must comply with.

==Relation==

The local development framework, together with the [[regional spatial strategy]] will provide the essential framework for planning in the [[local authority]]'s area.

*[[Statements===Statement of community involvement]]===

==Development plan documents==

The SCI should explain to the public how they will be involved in the preparation of the framework.<ref>East Riding of Yorkshire Council https://www.eastriding.gov.uk/planning-permission-and-building-control/planning-policy-and-the-local-plan/statement-of-community-involvement/</ref> They should set out the standards to be met by the authority in terms of community involvement, building upon the minimum requirements set out in the Regulations and [[PPS 12]]. Prior to the statement being adopted, local authorities must ensure that any plan preparation work meets these minimum requirements.

''Local development documents'' are a set of documents specified in [[United Kingdom]] planning law which a [[local planning authority]] creates to describe their strategy for development and use of land in their area of authority.

A key outcome of the SCI will be to encourage 'front loading' meaning that consultation with the public begins at the earliest stages of each document's development so that communities are given the fullest opportunity to participate in plan making and to make a difference.

Established as part of the [[Planning and Compulsory Purchase Act 2004]] in [[United Kingdom]] law, a local planning authority must include as local development documents in their [[local development scheme]]s.

*[[===Annual monitoring report]]===

The local development documents ''taken as a whole'' must set out the authority's policies relating to the ''development and use of land'' in their area. In the case of LDDs included in a minerals and waste development scheme, the LDDs together must also set out the authority's policies relating to minerals and waste development.

The Annual Monitoring Report<ref>Oxford City Council https://www.oxford.gov.uk/info/20067/planning_policy/746/annual_monitoring_report</ref> is submitted to [[United Kingdom Parliament|government]] by a local planning authority at the end of December each year to assess the progress and the effectiveness of a Local Development Framework, specifically:

* Are policies achieving their objectives, and is [[sustainable development]] being delivered?

* Have policies had the intended consequences?

* Are the assumptions and objectives behind policies still relevant?

* Are the targets set in the Local Development Framework being achieved?

To achieve this goal, the Annual Monitoring Report includes a range of local and standard (Core Output) indicators.

The [[Secretary of State (United Kingdom)|Secretary of State]] may prescribe the form and content of LDDs and which descriptions of those documents are development plan documents (which are to be subject to the process of independent examination and which will form part of the authority's development plan). Development plan documents taken together are broadly equivalent to the old-style [[local plan]]s.

===Compulsory development plan documents===

*[[Core Strategy]]

*[[Development plan document]]s

*[[Statements of community involvement]]

===Optional development plan documents===

*Area actionAction planPlan: an optional development plan document aimed at establishing a set of proposals and policies for the development of a specific area (such as a town centre or an area of new development) of a district authority.<ref>Plymouth City Council - Derriford and Seaton Area Action Plan https://www.plymouth.gov.uk/planningandbuildingcontrol/localdevelopmentframework/areaactionplans/derrifordandseatonareaactionplan</ref> There is no limit on the number of area action plans that a local authority can develop.

*Supplementary planning documents: established as part of the [[Planning and Compulsory Purchase Act 2004]] in [[United Kingdom]] law, SPDs may cover a range of issues, thematic or site-specific, and provides further detail of policies and proposals in a 'parent' development plan document.

*[[Local development order]]s

*[[SupplementarySimplified planning documentzone]]s

Sometimes certain policies from an old document remain effective when that document is superseded. These policies are known as "saved" policies.<ref>Elmbridge Council, {{cite web|url=http://www.elmbridge.gov.uk/planning/policy/localplan.htm |title=Local Plan - Saved Policies |access-date=2015-07-16 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150717190026/http://www.elmbridge.gov.uk/planning/policy/localplan.htm |archive-date=2015-07-17 }}</ref>

===Legal requirements of all local development documents===

They should be prepared in accordance with the [[local development scheme]] and should have regard to [http://www.opsi.gov.uk/acts/acts2004/40005--c.htm#section 19]:- of the Planning and Compulsory Purchase Act 2004:

*National policies and advice contained in guidance issued by the Secretary of State,

*The [[regional spatial strategy]] for the region in which the area of the authority is situated, if the area is outside Greater London. Also the RSS for any region which adjoins the area of the authority or the [[Wales Spatial Plan]] if any part of the authority's area adjoins Wales

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*The resources likely to be available for implementing the proposals in the document

*Such other matters as the Secretary of State prescribes.

*They should comply with the [[statement of community involvement]] (once the statement is adopted)

*The [[local planning authority]] must appraise the sustainability of each development plan document and report the findings.

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DPDs must be examined with a [[sustainability appraisal]] to ensure economic, environmental and social effects of the plan are in line with sustainable development targets.

==Key government aims==

#Flexibility{{citation needed|date=August 2020}}

#Strengthening community and stakeholder involvement

#Front-loading sometimes -– [[local authorities]] to take key decisions early in the preparation of local development documents.

#Sustainability appraisal

#Programme management

#Soundness -– local development documents must be soundly based in terms of their content and the process by which they are produced. The must also be based upon a robust, credible evidence base.

==Criticism==

In practice, many local authorities have found Local Development Frameworks difficult to implement. Although progress on Local Development Frameworks was made in the years 2012-20152012–2015, an assessment by [[Nathaniel Lichfield and Partners]] has found any progress to be "marginal".<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.kslaw.co.uk/site/library/kslaw_legal_news/why-are-local-development-frameworks-so-important|title=Why Are Local Development Frameworks So Important? - Kingsley Smith Solicitors}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://portaldirectorblog.wordpressplanningportal.comco.uk/2015/04/09/local-plan-progress-marginal-claims-report/|title=Local plan progress 'marginal' claims report|first=Planning Portal Content|last=Team|date=9 April 2015}}</ref>

==See also==

*[[Development control in the United Kingdom]]

* [[London Plan]]

*[[Planning and Compulsory Purchase Act 2004]]

*[[Planning Policy Statements]]

*[[Town and country planning in the United Kingdom]]

*[[Planning and Compulsory Purchase Act 2004]]

*[[Development control in the United Kingdom]]

* [[London Plan]]

==References==

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==External links==

*[https://web.archive.org/web/20071109164917/http://www.communities.gov.uk/planningandbuilding/planning/planningpolicyguidance/planningpolicystatements/planningpolicystatements/pps12 Government Website on PPS12]

*[https://web.archive.org/web/20051026023004/http://www.odpm.gov.uk/stellent/groups/odpm_planning/documents/page/odpm_plan_605840.hcsp Making the system work better: planning at regional and local levels (ODPM)]

*[http://www.planningportal.gov.uk/uploads/ldf/ldfguide.html Visual Guide to LDF]

*[http://www.planningportal.gov.uk/england/genpub/en/1115311947782.html Planning Portal visual guide to Local Development Frameworks]

*[https://web.archive.org/web/20080828003725/http://www.pas.gov.uk/planmakingmanual PAS Plan Making Manual]

*[http://www.opsi.gov.uk/si/si2004/20042204.htm Statutory Instrument (2004/2204) - Area Action Plans]

{{UK planning}}

[[Category:United Kingdom planning policy]]