Authenticity and Development Front: Difference between revisions

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{{update|date=December 2018}}

{{infobox war faction

| name = Authenticity and Development Front<br />جبهة الأصالة والتنمية<ref name=ctc>{{cite web|url=https://www.ctc.usma.edu/posts/the-non-state-militant-landscape-in-syria|title=The Non-State Militant Landscape in Syria|publisher=Combating Terrorism Center|date=27 August 2013|access-date=19 May 2014|archive-date=15 May 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140515153135/https://www.ctc.usma.edu/posts/the-non-state-militant-landscape-in-syria|url-status=dead}}</ref><br />Jabhat al-'asalah wa'l-tanmiyah

| war = [[Syrian Civil War]]

| image = [[File:ADFlogo2015.png|200px]]

| caption =

| active = November 2012 – present–present<ref name="BBC17Oct">{{Cite news |title=Syria crisis: Guide to armed and political opposition|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-middle-east-24403003|last=Sinjab|first=Lina|work=BBC|date=17 October 2013|access-date=19 May 2014}}</ref>

| ideology = [[Sunni]] [[Islamism]]<ref name="Lister1" /><ref name="ceip8April">{{cite web|url=http://carnegieendowment.org/syriaincrisis/?fa=55275|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140413154759/http://carnegieendowment.org/syriaincrisis/?fa=55275|url-status=dead|archive-date=April 13, 2014|title=The Mujahedeen Army of Aleppo|publisher=Carnegie Endowment for International Peace|date=8 April 2014|access-date=19 May 2014}}</ref><br />[[Salafism]] (factions)<ref name="ctc270813">{{cite web |url=http://www.ctc.usma.edu/posts/the-non-state-militant-landscape-in-syria |title=The Non-State Militant Landscape in Syria |last=Lund |first=Aron |publisher=[[CTC Sentinel]] |date=27 August 2013 |accessdate=22 November 2013 |archive-date=7 October 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131007045801/http://www.ctc.usma.edu/posts/the-non-state-militant-landscape-in-syria |url-status=dead }}</ref>

| clans = Unification Army<ref>{{cite web|url=http://civilwaralsham.com/the-northwest/2016/3/29/jaysh-al-tawhid-adf|title=Northern Homs based rebel group joins Authenticity and Development Front|access-date=2017-05-22|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170807232311/http://civilwaralsham.com/the-northwest/2016/3/29/jaysh-al-tawhid-adf|archive-date=2017-08-07|url-status=dead}}</ref><br />[[Lions of the East Army]] <small>(Formerformerly)</small><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://en.deirezzor24.net/the-authenticity-and-development-front-cuts-all-of-its-ties-with-the-new-syrian-army/ |title=The Authenticity and Development front cuts all of its ties with the New Syrian Army. &#124; en.deirezzor24.net |access-date=2018-09-02 |archive-date=2018-09-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180902084544/http://en.deirezzor24.net/the-authenticity-and-development-front-cuts-all-of-its-ties-with-the-new-syrian-army/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><br />[[The White Shroud]]

| leaders = Khalid al-Hamad <ref name=ctc/>

| headquarters =

| area = *[[Aleppo Governorate]]

|area = *[[Rif Dimashq Governorate]]<ref name="haidara">{{cite web|url=http://eldorar.com/node/71720|title=ثوار القلمون يطردون تنظيم "الدولة" من مناطق جديدة|work=الدرر الشامية|date=15 March 2015}}</ref>

*[[Damascus Governorate]]

*[[Homs Governorate]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://syriadirect.org/news/syria-direct-news-update-4-20-15/|title=Syria Direct: News Update 4-20-15|date=20 April 2015|access-date=20 April 2015}}</ref>

*[[Aleppo Governorate]]

*[[Hama Governorate]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.longwarjournal.org/archives/2017/03/analysis-insurgents-launch-major-offensive-against-assad-regime-in-hama-province.php|title=Analysis: Insurgents launch major offensive against Assad regime in Hama province - FDD's Long War Journal|website=FDD's Long War Journal|date=24 March 2017}}</ref>

| size = 5,000 (2015)<ref name="Lister1" />

| partof = {{flagicon image|Al-Liwaa.svg}} [[Levant Front]] (2014<ref name=ceip26dec />–15<ref name=disbandenglish>{{Cite news|title=Key Islamist group Shamiya Front resolves itself: source |url=https://en.zamanalwsl.net/news/9718.html|access-date=20 April 2015 |publisher=Zaman al-Wasl}}</ref>)<br />{{flagicon image|Flag of Mujahideen Shura Council (Syria).svg}} [[Mujahideen Shura Council (Syria)|Mujahideen Shura Council]] (2014–2015)<br />{{flagicon|Syrian opposition}} [[Free Syrian Army]] (from 2016)<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://rfsmediaoffice.com/en/2016/03/22/29498/#.Vyx-p_l97IU|title=Free Syrian Army – Statement|work=RFS Media Office|date=22 March 2016|access-date=6 May 2016|archive-date=11 June 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160611180844/https://rfsmediaoffice.com/en/2016/03/22/29498/#.Vyx-p_l97IU|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|url=https://www.brookings.edu/wp-content/uploads/2016/11/iwr_20161123_free_syrian_army1.pdf|title=The Free Syrian Army: A decentralized insurgent brand|last=Lister|first=Charles|issue=26|date=November 2016|journal=The Brookings Project on U.S. Relations with the Islamic World}}</ref><br />{{flagicon|Syrian opposition}} [[Syrian National Army]]<ref name="brigades">{{Cite web|url=http://en.suriyegundemi.com/syrian-rebel-brigades-participating-in-the-operation-olive-branch-18-january-2018/|title=Syrian Rebel Brigades Participating in the Operation Olive Branch [18 January 2018]|work=Suriye Gündemi|date=18 February 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180519121822/http://en.suriyegundemi.com/syrian-rebel-brigades-participating-in-the-operation-olive-branch-18-january-2018/ |archive-date=19 May 2018}}</ref><ref name=spiral>{{cite web|url=https://www.mei.edu/publications/way-out-russia-and-turkey-idlibs-spiral-violence|title=A way out for Russia and Turkey from Idlib's spiral of violence|work=[[Middle East Institute]]|author=Ömer Özkizilcik|date=1 July 2019}}</ref>

|partof = [[Mujahideen Shura Council (Syria)|Mujahideen Shura Council]] (2014–2015) <br />{{flagdeco|Syrian Opposition}} [[Turkish-backed Free Syrian Army]]

* [[Hawar Kilis Operations Room]] <small>(from 2017-present, Northern Aleppo branch only)</small>

| predecessor =

|successor successor =

| allies = {{flag|Saudi Arabia}}<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://links.org.au/node/3927|title=The Gulf and Islamism in Syria: myths and misconceptions &#124; Links|website=links.org.au}}</ref><br />{{flag|Turkey}}<br />{{flagicon image|Flag of Hayat Tahrir al-ShamInfoboxHTS.svg}} [[Tahrir al-Sham]]<br />{{flagicon image|Logo of Jaysh al-Islam.jpg}} [[Jaysh al-Islam]]<br />{{flagicon image|Flag of Ahrar ash-Sham.svg}} [[Ahrar al-Sham]]<br />{{flagdeco|Syrian Opposition}} [[Saraya Ahl al-Sham]]

| opponents = {{flagdeco|Syria|1980}} [[Syrian Arab Armed Forces]]<br />{{flag|Iran}}<br />{{flag|Russia}}<br />{{flagicon image|flag of the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant.svg}} [[Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant]]<ref name="haidara">{{cite web|url=http://eldorar.com/node/71720|title=ثوار القلمون يطردون تنظيم "الدولة" من مناطق جديدة|work=الدرر الشامية|date=15 March 2015}}</ref><br />{{flagicon image|InfoboxHez.PNG}} [[Hezbollah]]<br />{{flagicon image|PFLP-GC Flag.svg}} [[Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine – General Command|PFLP-GC]]<br />{{flagicon image|Flag of Syrian Democratic Forces.svg}} [[Syrian Democratic Forces]]

| battles = [[Syrian Civil War]]

*[[Rif Dimashq Governorate campaign]]

**[[Rif Dimashq offensive (August–November 2014)]]<ref>[https://malcolmxtreme.files.wordpress.com/2014/09/soldiers-killed-by-rebels-in-jobar-9-29-2014.jpg Image] malcolmxtreme.files.wordpress.com {{Bare URLbetter imagesource|date=March 20222024}}</ref>

**[[Eastern Qalamoun offensive (September–October 2016)]]

*[[Deir ez-Zor clashes (2011–14)]]

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}}

The '''Authenticity and Development Front''' ({{lang-langx|ar|جبهة الأصالة والتنمية}}; ''|Jabhat al-'asalah wa'l-tanmiyah''}}) is an alliance of rebel groups that is active during the [[Syrian Civil War]]. The alliance is considered to be moderate by Charles Lister (from [[Middle East Institute]])<ref name="Lister1">Charles Lister, [http://blogs.spectator.co.uk/2015/11/yes-there-are-70000-moderate-opposition-fighters-in-syria-heres-what-we-know-about-them/ Yes, there are 70,000 moderate opposition fighters in Syria. Here’s what we know about them] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161024154718/http://blogs.spectator.co.uk/2015/11/yes-there-are-70000-moderate-opposition-fighters-in-syria-heres-what-we-know-about-them/ |date=2016-10-24 }}, ''The Spectator'', 27 November 2015</ref> and the [[British Broadcasting Corporation|BBC]].<ref name="BBC">[https://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-24403003 Guide to the Syrian rebels], ''BBC'', 13 December 2013</ref>

==Background==

The coalition includes [[Islamist]]s, military defectors, and former civilians.<ref name="ceip8April"/><ref name=ceip26dec>{{Cite news|title=The Levant Front: Can Aleppo's Rebels Unite?|url=http://carnegieendowment.org/syriaincrisis/?fa=57605|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141226221548/http://carnegieendowment.org/syriaincrisis/?fa=57605|url-status=dead|archive-date=December 26, 2014|date=26 December 2014|access-date=25 February 2015|publisher=Carnegie Endowment for International Peace}}</ref><ref name="saudi">{{cite web|url=http://brown-moses.blogspot.nl/2014/04/the-fighting-in-abu-kamal-albukamal.html|title=The Fighting in Abu Kamal (Albukamal): Background and Analysis|work=Brown Moses Blog|date=12 April 2015|access-date=9 November 2015}}</ref> Although the alliance uses [[Syrian independence flag]]s and symbols, it does not identify itself as part of the [[Free Syrian Army]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.aymennjawad.org/14161/the-factions-of-abu-kamal|title=The Factions of Abu Kamal|publisher=Aymenn Jawad Al-Tamimi|date=18 December 2013|access-date=25 February 2015}}</ref> One of the groups involved was the [[Nour al-Din al-Zenki Movement]], which was also part of the [[Army of Mujahideen]],<ref name=ceip8April/> though the Army of Mujahideen announced on 4 May 2014 that the Nour al-Din al-Zenki Movement had withdrawn from the coalition.<ref>{{cite web|title=Jeish al-Mujahideen Charter – Comment and Translation|url=http://gohasnail.wordpress.com/2014/05/05/jeish-al-mujahideen-charter-comment-and-translation/|access-date=19 May 2014|date=4 May 2014|publisher=Goha's Nail}}</ref> The Authenticity and Development Front operated American-made [[BGM-71 TOW]] [[anti-tank missile]]s captured from the [[Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant]].<ref name=moderate>{{cite web|url=https://hasanmustafas.wordpress.com/2015/05/08/the-moderate-rebels-a-complete-and-growing-list-of-vetted-groups-fielding-tow-missiles/|title=THE MODERATE REBELS: A GROWING LIST OF VETTED GROUPS FIELDING BGM-71 TOW ANTI-TANK GUIDED MISSILES|work=Hasan Mustafas|date=5 August 2015|access-date=8 August 2017|archive-date=2 June 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160602182613/https://hasanmustafas.wordpress.com/2015/05/08/the-moderate-rebels-a-complete-and-growing-list-of-vetted-groups-fielding-tow-missiles/|url-status=dead}}</ref>

==Member Groups==

===Current===

*[[The White Shroud]]

*Army of Tawhid<ref>[https://pbs.twimg.com/media/CEfJeg8XIAAM6BN.png Image] twimg.com {{Bare URLbetter imagesource|date=March 20222024}}</ref>

**Tajamuu Alwiyat al-Iman Billah

**Liwa Hamah al-Aqidah

Line 59 ⟶ 56:

*Battalions of the People of Impact<ref>{{cite tweet |author=جبهة الأصالةوالتنمية |user=alasalawatanmya |number=968542562976968704 |date=27 February 2018 |title=#جبهة_الأصالة_والتنمية #كتائب_أهل_الأثر https://t.co/mYc9xbXZYp |language=ar |access-date=31 December 2020}}</ref>

*Abd Al-Rahman Battalions<ref>{{cite tweet |author=جبهة الأصالةوالتنمية |user=alasalawatanmya |number=857214764501442560 |date=26 April 2017 |title=#جبهة_الأصالة_والتنمية #كتائب_عباد_الرحمن https://t.co/yXLeej74mL |language=ar |access-date=31 December 2020}}</ref>

*Miqdad Bin al-Aswad Battalion<ref>[https://pbs.twimg.com/media/C9xpv0jWsAAWzT4?format=jpg&name=small Image] twimg.com {{Bare URLbetter imagesource|date=March 20222024}}</ref>

*Division 60

*Jund al-Sham<ref>[https://017qndpynh-flywheel.netdna-ssl.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/08/FSA-friendly.jpg Image] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191020111807/https://017qndpynh-flywheel.netdna-ssl.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/08/FSA-friendly.jpg |date=2019-10-20 }} {{Bare URL image|date=March 2022}}</ref>

===Former Groups===

Line 70 ⟶ 67:

*Ibn Taymiyyah Mujahideen Brigades (Joined [[Ahrar al-Sham]])<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://docs.google.com/document/d/1aI3yAmNGW1vLpJCOrhiVLqpUUIX9PG1RNsCqJGGfhxI/|title = Syrian Civil War factions}}</ref>

*[[New Syrian Army]] (Expelled from Authenticity and Development Front, continued operations as independent group)

**Allahu Akbar Battalions<ref>{{Cite web|title=The Factions of Abu Kamal|url=https://www.meforum.org/3699/abu-kamal-factions|title=The Factions of Abu Kamal|first=Aymenn Jawad|last=Al-Tamimi|date=18 December 2013|website=Middle East Forum|accessdate=1 March 2024}}</ref>

==See also==

Line 79 ⟶ 76:

==External links==

* [https://twitter.com/alasalawatanmya?lang=en Authenticity and Development Front official Twitter page]

{{Sister project links |commons=Category:Syrian Civil War (2011-present) |n=Category:2011 Syria anti-government protests |wikt=no |b=no |q=no |s=no |v=no |species=no |display=the Syrian civil war}}

{{Syrian Civil War}}

[[Category:Anti-governmentAssad factions of the Syrian civil war]]

[[Category:Anti-ISIL factions in Syria]]

[[Category:Military units and factions of the Syrian civil war]]