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The latest preview version is now Fedora 42 Beta. It was released on March 18th, 2025. |
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| name = Fedora Linux
| logo = Fedora logo (2021).svg
| screenshot = Fedora
| caption = Fedora Workstation
| developer = [[Fedora Project]]
| family =
| working state = Current
| source model = [[Open source]]
| released = {{Start date and age|2003|11|04}}<ref>{{cite mailing list | url=https://archive.fedoraproject.org/pub/archive/fedora/linux/core/1/i386/iso/ | title=Archived Fedora Core 1 ISO first release | date=4 November 2003 | access-date=21 May 2024 | archive-date=19 July 2024 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240719135108/https://archive.fedoraproject.org/pub/archive/fedora/linux/core/1/i386/iso/ | url-status=live }}</ref>
| latest release version = {{wikidata|property|preferred
| latest release date =
| latest preview version =
| latest preview date = {{
| repo = {{URL|https://src.fedoraproject.org
| marketing target = [[Desktop computer]]s, [[server (computing)|server]]s, [[supercomputer]]s
| package manager = [[RPM Package Manager|RPM]] ([[DNF (software)|DNF]]), [[Flatpak]], [[OSTree]]
| supported platforms = {{Plainlist|
* Alternative: [[mips64el]], [[mipsel]], [[ppc64le]], [[RISC-V]], [[s390x]]<ref name="Architectures">{{cite web | url=http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Architectures | title=Architectures | publisher=Fedora Project | access-date=22 March 2018 | archive-date=14 July 2011 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110714195006/http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Architectures | url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | access-date=22 March 2018 | url=https://alt.fedoraproject.org/alt/ | title=alt architectures | archive-date=14 December 2017 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171214083748/https://alt.fedoraproject.org/alt/ | url-status=live }}</ref>
}}
| kernel_type = [[monolithic kernel|Monolithic]] ([[Linux kernel]])
| userland = [[GNU Core Utilities|GNU]]
| ui = {{Plainlist|
* [[GNOME Shell]] * [[KDE Plasma|KDE Plasma 6]]
}}
| license = [[GNU GPL|GPL]] and various free software licenses, plus proprietary firmware files<ref name="licensing">{{cite web | url=https://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Licensing:FAQ#Does_Fedora_permit_anything_under_.22Non-Free.22_licensing.3F | title=Frequently Asked Questions about Fedora Licensing | publisher=Fedora Project | access-date=27 March 2014 | archive-date=6 September 2015 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150906122645/https://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Licensing:FAQ#Does_Fedora_permit_anything_under_.22Non-Free.22_licensing.3F | url-status=live }}</ref>
}}
'''Fedora Linux'''<ref>{{Cite web|title=Changes/Fedora Linux in os-release - Fedora Project Wiki|url=https://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Changes/Fedora_Linux_in_os-release|access-date=28 September 2021|website=fedoraproject.org|quote=When used by itself, the term "Fedora" refers to the Fedora Project. When referring to our work, please use either a specific name like Fedora Workstation, Fedora CoreOS, or Fedora KDE Plasma Desktop; or use Fedora Linux to refer to the OS distribution as a whole.|archive-date=28 September 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210928175208/https://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Changes/Fedora_Linux_in_os-release|url-status=live}}</ref> is a [[Linux distribution]] developed by the [[Fedora Project]]. It was originally developed in 2003 as a continuation of the [[Red Hat Linux]] project. It contains software distributed under various [[free and open-source]] licenses and aims to be on the leading edge of open-source technologies.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.slashdot.org/story/06/08/17/177220/fedora-project-leader-max-spevack-responds | title=Fedora Project Leader Max Spevack Responds | last1=Spevack | first1=Max | date=18 August 2006 | website=Slashdot | access-date=17 December 2006 | archive-date=9 February 2012 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120209221539/http://slashdot.org/story/06/08/17/177220/fedora-project-leader-max-spevack-responds | url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/project/objectives/ | title=Objectives | publisher=Fedora Project | access-date=12 February 2007 | archive-date=16 December 2018 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181216031747/https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/project/objectives/ | url-status=live }}</ref><ref name=":0">{{cite web |url=http://www.infoworld.com/article/3143141/linux/fedora-25-stakes-out-leading-edge-not-bleeding-edge.html |title=Fedora 25 stakes out leading edge, not bleeding edge |date=22 November 2016 |last=Yegulalp |first=Serdar |work=InfoWorld |access-date=23 July 2017 |archive-date=28 July 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170728202511/http://www.infoworld.com/article/3143141/linux/fedora-25-stakes-out-leading-edge-not-bleeding-edge.html |url-status=live }}</ref> It is now the [[upstream (software development)|upstream]] source for [[CentOS Stream]] and [[Red Hat Enterprise Linux]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=Fedora and Red Hat Enterprise Linux :: Fedora Docs|url=https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/quick-docs/fedora-and-red-hat-enterprise-linux/|access-date=26 December 2021|website=docs.fedoraproject.org}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=CentOS Stream |url=https://www.centos.org/centos-stream/ |access-date=2023-06-28 |website=www.centos.org |archive-date=19 July 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240719135104/https://www.centos.org/centos-stream/ |url-status=live }}</ref>
Since the release of Fedora 21 in December 2014, three editions have been made available: [[personal computer]], [[server (computing)|server]] and [[cloud computing]]. This was expanded to five editions for [[Containerization (computing)|containerization]] and [[Internet of Things]] (IoT) as of the release of Fedora 37 in November 2022.<ref name="arstechnica fedora21">{{cite web |url=https://arstechnica.com/information-technology/2015/01/fedora-21-review-linuxs-sprawliest-distro-finds-a-new-focus/ |title=Fedora 21 review: Linux's sprawliest distro finds a new focus |last=Gilbertson |first=Scott |date=16 January 2015 |publisher=ArsTechnica.com |access-date=15 July 2017 |archive-date=30 November 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181130114711/https://arstechnica.com/information-technology/2015/01/fedora-21-review-linuxs-sprawliest-distro-finds-a-new-focus/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="official website">{{cite web|url=https://getfedora.org/|title=Fedora|access-date=18 February 2023|archive-date=6 January 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160106140006/https://getfedora.org/|url-status=live}}</ref> A new version of Fedora Linux is released every six months.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Fedora Linux Releases|url=https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/releases/|url-status=live|publisher=Fedora Project |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230831003744/https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/releases/ |archive-date=Aug 31, 2023 }}</ref>
<!-- Please don't (re)move the following mention of Linus Torvalds. It is here because of WP:LEAD which states "Consideration should be given to creating interest in the article." A high profile user such as Linus Torvalds certainly creates interest. -->
{{As of|2016|February}}, Fedora Linux has an estimated 1.2 million users,<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.pcworld.com/article/3038353/linux/fedora-project-leader-matthew-miller-reveals-whats-in-store-for-fedora-in-2016.html | title=Fedora project leader Matthew Miller reveals what's in store for Fedora in 2016 | date=26 February 2016 | last1=Hoffman | first1=Chris | website=PC World | publisher=International Data Group | access-date=1 March 2016 | archive-date=1 March 2016 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160301073628/http://www.pcworld.com/article/3038353/linux/fedora-project-leader-matthew-miller-reveals-whats-in-store-for-fedora-in-2016.html | url-status=live }}</ref> and is also the distribution used by [[Linus Torvalds]], creator of the [[Linux kernel]] ({{As of|2020|May|lc=yes}}).<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.tuxradar.com/content/interview-linus-torvalds-linux-format-163 | title=Interview with Linus Torvalds from Linux Format 163 | date=29 November 2012 | website=TuxRadar | publisher=Linux Format | access-date=4 August 2015 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140119045740/http://www.tuxradar.com/content/interview-linus-torvalds-linux-format-163 | archive-date=19 January 2014 | url-status=dead | df=dmy-all }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=https://plus.google.com/+LinusTorvalds/posts/Wh3qTjMMbLC | title=The merge window being over, and things being calm made me think I should try upgrading to F21 | date=30 December 2014 | website=[[Google+]] | last=Torvalds | first=Linus | author-link=Linus Torvalds | access-date=3 May 2015 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150809144221/https://plus.google.com/+LinusTorvalds/posts/Wh3qTjMMbLC | archive-date=9 August 2015 | url-status=dead | df=dmy-all
== Features ==
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Fedora Linux has a relatively short life cycle: Each version is usually supported for at least 13 months, where version {{var|X}} is supported only until 1 month after version {{var|X}}+2 is released and with approximately 6 months between most versions.<ref name="Fedora Release Life Cycle">{{cite web | url=https://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Fedora_Release_Life_Cycle | title=Fedora Release Life Cycle | publisher=Fedora Project | access-date=25 March 2014 | archive-date=14 July 2015 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150714051350/https://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Fedora_Release_Life_Cycle | url-status=live }}</ref> Fedora users can upgrade from version to version without reinstalling.<ref name="FedUp">{{cite web | url=http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/FedUp | title=FedUp | publisher=Fedora Project | access-date=25 March 2014 | archive-date=25 March 2014 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140325165842/http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/FedUp | url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="Fedora Project">{{cite web | url=https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/Fedora/23/html/Release_Notes/sect-Release_Notes-Changes_for_Sysadmin.html | title=Fedora 23 Release Notes: 3.2.4. System Upgrades with DNF | publisher=Fedora Project | access-date=1 October 2015 | archive-date=2 October 2015 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151002160157/https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/Fedora/23/html/Release_Notes/sect-Release_Notes-Changes_for_Sysadmin.html | url-status=live }}</ref>
The default [[desktop environment]] is [[GNOME]], and the default user interface is the [[GNOME Shell]]. Other desktop environments are available, including [[KDE Plasma]],
A [[Live USB|live media]] drive can be created using [[Fedora Media Writer]] or the [[Dd (Unix)|dd]] command,<ref>{{cite web | url=https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/Fedora/26/html/Installation_Guide/sect-preparing-boot-media.html | title=Preparing Boot Media | publisher=[[Red Hat]] | access-date=30 July 2017 | archive-date=30 July 2017 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170730110255/https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/Fedora/26/html/Installation_Guide/sect-preparing-boot-media.html | url-status=live }}</ref> allowing users to try Fedora Linux without writing any changes to their hard drives.
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Additionally, extra repositories can be added to the system, so that software not available in Fedora Linux can be installed easily.<ref name="Fedora 26 System Administrators Guide">{{cite web | url= https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/Fedora/26/html/System_Administrators_Guide/sec-Managing_DNF_Repositories.html | title= Adding, Enabling, and Disabling a DNF Repository | publisher= [[Fedora Project]] | access-date= 29 July 2017 | archive-date= 29 July 2017 | archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20170729095056/https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/Fedora/26/html/System_Administrators_Guide/sec-Managing_DNF_Repositories.html | url-status= live }}</ref> Software that is not available via official Fedora repositories, either because it does not meet Fedora's definition of [[free software]] or because its distribution may violate [[Law of the United States|US law]], can be installed using third-party repositories. Popular third-party repositories include [[RPM Fusion]] free and non-free repositories. Fedora also provides users with an easy-to-use build system for creating their own repositories called Copr.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://copr.fedorainfracloud.org/ | title=Fedora Copr | publisher=Fedora Project | access-date=26 June 2017 | archive-date=22 June 2017 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170622085411/https://copr.fedorainfracloud.org/ | url-status=live }}</ref>
Since the release of Fedora 25, the operating system defaults to the [[Wayland (display server protocol)|Wayland]] display server protocol, which replaced the [[X Window System]].<ref>{{Cite web| last = Staff| first = Ars| title = Fedora 25: With Wayland, Linux has never been easier (or more handsome)| work = Ars Technica| access-date = 22 December 2017| date = 16 December 2016| url = https://arstechnica.com/gadgets/2016/12/fedora-25-review-the-best-linux-distro-of-2016-arrived-at-the-last-moment/| archive-date = 3 December 2017| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20171203125152/https://arstechnica.com/gadgets/2016/12/fedora-25-review-the-best-linux-distro-of-2016-arrived-at-the-last-moment/| url-status = live}}</ref> As of Fedora 41, both the GNOME and KDE editions do not ship with [[X.Org Server]] session support by default.<ref>{{Cite news |title=Fedora 41's GNOME to go Wayland-only |url=https://www.theregister.com/2024/03/13/fedora_41_drops_x_gnome/ |archive-url=
=== System installer ===
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== Editions ==
Beginning with Fedora 21,
===Workstation===
[[File:Fedora Workstation 41 — default applications (1).png|thumb|290x290px|Fedora Workstation 41 with its default applications]]
The Fedora Workstation editions target users who want a reliable, user-friendly, and powerful operating system for their laptop or desktop computer while still being on the cutting edge of new technologies.<ref>{{Cite web |title=The leading Linux desktop |url=https://fedoraproject.org/workstation/ |access-date=2025-01-30 |website=fedoraproject.org}}</ref> They come with [[GNOME]] by default but other desktops can be installed, including [[KDE Plasma 6|KDE Plasma]], which
==== Spins and remixes ====
[[File:Fedora
The Fedora project officially distributes different variations called "Fedora Spins"<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://spins.fedoraproject.org/index.html.en|title=Fedora Spins|website=spins.fedoraproject.org|access-date=9 December 2019|archive-date=18 March 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200318234404/https://spins.fedoraproject.org/index.html.en|url-status=live}}</ref> which are Fedora Linux with different desktop environments. The current official spins, as of Fedora
In addition to Spins, which are official variants of the Fedora system, the project allows unofficial variants to use the term "Fedora Remix" without asking for further permission, although a different logo (provided) is required.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Remix|title=Remix - Fedora Project Wiki|website=fedoraproject.org|access-date=28 September 2019|archive-date=4 September 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190904111541/https://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Remix|url-status=live}}</ref>
===
[[File:Fedora SilverBlue 41 desktop.png|thumb|290x290px|A fresh install of Silverblue 41]]
Fedora offers immutable editions known as "Atomic Desktops".<ref>{{Cite web |title=Getting Started # Fedora Variants and how to install |url=https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/fedora/latest/getting-started/#_fedora_variants_and_how_to_install |access-date=2023-02-18 |website=Fedora Docs |language=en |quote="An immutable desktop variant of Fedora Workstation Edition" |archive-date=19 July 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240719135128/https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/fedora/latest/getting-started/#_fedora_variants_and_how_to_install |url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="Silverblue docs">{{Cite web |title=Fedora Silverblue User Guide |url=https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/fedora-silverblue/ |access-date=2023-02-18 |website=Fedora Docs |language=en |quote="Fedora Silverblue is a variant of Fedora Workstation." |archive-date=11 October 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211011040633/https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/fedora-silverblue/ |url-status=live}}</ref> Separate editions are offered per desktop environment, currently there are editions for [[Budgie (desktop environment)|Budgie]], [[COSMIC (desktop environment)|COSMIC]], [[GNOME]] (Silverblue), [[KDE Plasma]] (Kinoite) and [[Sway (window manager)|Sway]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Atomic Desktops for Fedora |url=https://fedoraproject.org/atomic-desktops/ |access-date=2025-01-12 |website=fedoraproject.org |language=en |archive-date=2025-01-13 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20250113000343/https://fedoraproject.org/atomic-desktops/ |url-status=live}}</ref> Every atomic desktop installation is identical to every other installation of the same version, and it never changes as it is used. The immutable design is intended to make the operating system more stable, less prone to [[Software bug|bugs]], easier to test and develop, and create a platform for containerized applications as well as container-based software development. Applications and containers are kept separate from the host system. OS updates are fast and there is no installation stage. It is possible to roll back to the previous version of the operating system, if something goes wrong.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Fedora Silverblue User Guide :: Fedora Docs|url=https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/fedora-silverblue/|access-date=11 October 2021|website=docs.fedoraproject.org|archive-date=11 October 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211011040633/https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/fedora-silverblue/|url-status=live}}</ref>
The long-term goal for this effort is to transform Fedora Workstation into an image-based system where applications are separate from the OS, and updates are atomic. Fedora developers, Red Hat engineers, along with independent contributors have been developing and/or contributing to software used in the atomic desktops. Such as: [[OSTree]], [[Wayland (protocol)|Wayland]], [[Flatpak]], and [[rpm-ostree]] support in [[GNOME Software]], etc. Project Atomic added new features like package layering to rpm-ostree and added rpm-ostree support to [[Anaconda (installer)|Anaconda]].<ref>{{Cite book|title=Team Silverblue - The Origins|publisher=docs.fedoraproject.org|url=https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/fedora-silverblue/_attachments/team-silverblue-origins.pdf|language=English|access-date=7 January 2022|archive-date=19 July 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240719135018/https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/fedora-silverblue/_attachments/team-silverblue-origins.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref>
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=== Alternatives ===
The Fedora Project also distributes several other versions<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://alt.fedoraproject.org/|title=Fedora Alternative Downloads|website=Fedora Alternative Downloads|access-date=26 January 2018|archive-date=29 January 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180129130916/https://alt.fedoraproject.org/|url-status=live}}</ref> with
In addition, all acceptable licenses for Fedora Linux (including copyright, trademark, and patent licenses) must be applicable not only to Red Hat or Fedora, but also to all recipients downstream. This means that any "Fedora-only" licenses, or licenses with specific terms that Red Hat or Fedora meets but that other recipients would not are not acceptable (and almost certainly non-free, as a result).
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== Releases ==
{{Main|Fedora Linux release history}}
[[File:Fedora Core 1.png|thumb|Fedora Core 1.0, a continuation of [[Red Hat Linux]] with [[GNOME 2|GNOME 2.4]] (
[[File:Fedora 15 Lovelock Gnome3.png|thumb|Fedora 15 (Lovelock), the first release with [[GNOME 3]] and [[GNOME Shell]] (
[[File:Fedora 21 desktop screenshot.png|thumb|Fedora 21, a version that brought experimental [[Wayland (display server protocol)|Wayland]] and HiDPI support (
Fedora has a relatively short life cycle: version {{var|X}} is supported only until 1 month after version {{var|X}}+2 is released and with approximately 6 months between most versions, meaning a version of Fedora is usually supported for at least 13 months, possibly longer.<ref name="Fedora Release Life Cycle" /> Fedora users can upgrade from version to version without reinstalling.<ref name="FedUp" /><ref name="Fedora Project" />
The current release is Fedora
{{Releases Fedora Linux}} <!-- To edit go to: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Releases_Fedora_Linux -->
{{Timeline Fedora Linux}} <!-- To edit go to: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Timeline_Fedora_Linux -->
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