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{{Short description|Type of integrated circuit}}
[[File:ZX81 ULA.jpg|thumb|Sinclair ZX81 ULA]]
A '''gate array''' is an approach to the design and manufacture of [[application-specific integrated circuit]]s (ASICs) using a [[semiconductor device fabrication|prefabricated]] chip with components that are later interconnected into logic devices (e.g. [[NAND gate]]s, [[Flip-flop (electronics)|flip-flops]], etc.) according to custom order by adding metal interconnect layers in the factory. It was popular during the upheaval in the semiconductor industry in the 1980s, and its usage declined by the end of the 1990s.<ref>{{Cite book |last1=Pearson |first1=Ed |last2=Bethel |first2=Cindy L. |chapter=A design review: Concepts for mitigating SQL injection attacks |date=April 2016 |title=2016 4th International Symposium on Digital Forensic and Security (ISDFS) |chapter-url=https://doi.org/10.1109/isdfs.2016.7473537 |publisher=IEEE |pages=169 |doi=10.1109/isdfs.2016.7473537 |isbn=978-1-4673-9865-7 }}</ref>
Similar technologies have also been employed to design and manufacture analog, analog-digital, and structured arrays, but, in general, these are not called gate arrays.
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